P 1 • H^^ByR^^^y ^ r- 1 I FOKTHE PEOPLE FOR EDVCATION FOP. SCIENCE LIBRARY OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY LIBRARY OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OFNATURALHISTORY OSBORN LIBRARY OF VERTEBRATE PAL/LONTOLOGY .Catalogue QY\ THE I ' ; I ; / I UNGULATE MAMMALS lit TKE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). c Vol. ir. ARTIODACTYLA, FAMILY BOVID^, SUBFAMILIES BUBALIN^ TO EEDUNCIN^ (HAKTEBEESTS, GNUS, DUIKERS, DIK-DIKS, KLIPSPRINGERS, REEDBUCKS, WATERBUCKS, Etc.). By R. LYDEKKER, F.R.S., ASSISTED BY GILBERT BLAINE. LONDON : PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. SOLD BY Longmans, Green & Co., 39, Paternoster Row, E.G. B. QuARiTCH, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, W. DuLAu & Co., Ltd., 37, Soho Square, W. AND AT the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W. 1914. [All rights reserved.) LONDON : PKISTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, I.IMITKD, LLKE STUEET, STAMFOUD STREET, S.E., AND GREAT WINDMILL STREET, Os-b \p PEE FACE The second Volume of the Cataloii,ue of Un emulate Mammals deals with the African Antelopes belonging to the Sub- families Bubalinie, Cephalophinre, Oreotragime, Neotraginse, Madoquinse and Eeduncinge, including the Hartebeests, Gnus, Duikers, Klipspringers, Oribis, Dik-diks, Keedbucks, Waterbucks and their allies. It is hoped that the third Volume will contain an account of the remainder of the Antelopes, of which the Gazelles constitute the most numerous section, and that it will also include the Prong- buck, the Giraffes and the Okapi. The present volume has been prepared by Mr. E. Lydek- ker, F.E.S., with the assistance of Mr. Gilbert Blaine. It need hardly be pointed out that the acknowledgments con- tained in Volume I. of the help received from the donors of specimens and from those who have contributed in other ways to the growth of the Collection apply with equal force to those who have assisted in obtaining? and determiniD^r the specimens described in the present volume. SIDNEY F. HAEMER, KceiKT of Zoolofjy. British Museum (Natural History), London, S.W. January 10, 1914. a A INTRODUCTION My labours in the preparation of the greater part of this volume have been much lightened by Mr. Gilbert Blaine, who has been good enough to examine, name, and catalogue the specimens in the Collection. In regard to the classifica- tion of the heterogeneous group of ruminants commonly included under the designation of " antelopes," it has been deemed advisable to follow the one adopted by Sclater and Thomas in The Booh of Antelopes, with such minor modifica- tions as are necessary in order to bring it, so far as possible, into accord with the emendations in regard to the position of certain generic groups and the limitations of subfamilies proposed by Mr. E. I. Pocock in his article on the Cutaneous Scent-Glands of Euminants, published in the Proceedings of the Zoologieal Society for 1910. In several cases considerable difficulty has been expe- rienced with regard to the numerous local forms of African antelopes for which separate subspecific names have been proposed, as the specimens in the Collection are quite insufficient to afford a clue as to the value of the characters upon which these forms are based. When such forms are from more or less widely sundered localities they have, as a rule, been recognised as distinct ; but in cases where several have been named from nearly adjacent, or even the same, districts, their right to distinction has not been definitely accepted, and the subspecific titles are merely entered seriatim, under the heading of the species to which they pertain. In all cases the responsibility for the recognition of such local races rests with the writers by whom the names were given, and not with myself. As in the preceding volume, special prominence has been given to external characters, more particularly the horns, in vi INTRODUCTION the definition of groups, in order to render the work more acceptable to sportsmen than would be the case if less easily appreciated features were given the first place. The opportunity may be taken of correcting the following errors in the first volume : — P. 81, last hne, for B. S. Gilnther read R. T. GnntJier. P. 102, hne 6 from bottom, for 2. 3. 9. 8. read 2. 3. 9. 6. P. 129, bottom hne, p. 162, hne 16 from top, and Index, pp. 243, 244, for Orthagoceros read Orthsegoceros. P. 160, hne 10 from top, for 50 read 55^. p. 182, hne 4 from bottom, for 7}! read 11. p. 184, hne 2 from bottom, for 2^^ read 2f . E. LYDEKKER. December 10th, 1913. CONTENTS Preface Introduction PAGE iii Order UNGULATA. Suborder I. — Artiodactyla. Section A. — Pecora. Family I. Bovid.e .... Subfamily v. Bubalin^ I. Genus Bubalis . I. Bubalis buselaphus II. Bubalis major III. Bubalis tora A. — Bubalis tora tora B. — Bubalis tora digglei , G. — Bubalis tora rahatensis D. — Bubalis tora swaynei E. — Bubalis tora noacki . TV. Bubalis cokei A. — Bubalis cokei cokei . B. — Bubalis cokei rothschild: C. — Bubalis cokei nakurae D. — Bubalis cokei kongoni V. Bubalis neumanni VI. Bubalis lelwel . A. — Bubalis lelwel lelwel . B. — Bubalis lelwel tscliadensis C. — Bubalis lelwel jacksoni D. — Bubalis lelwel niediecki E. — Bubalis lelwel iusignis F. — Bubalis lelwel roosevelti VII. Bubalis caama A. — Bubalis caama caama B. — Bubalis caama selbornei VIII. Bubalis lichtensteini . 2 3 4 6 8 10 11 11 12 13 13 15 16 16 17 18 19 20 20 21 23 23 24 24 27 27 29 Ylll CONTENTS II. Genus Damaliscus I. Damaliscus pygargus II. Damaliscus albifrons . III. Damaliscus lunatus IV. Damaliscus korrigum . A. — Damaliscus korrigum korrigum T>, — Damaliscus korrigum tiang C. — Damaliscus korrigum selousi D. — Damaliscus korrigum jonesi E. — Damaliscus korrigum jimela F. — Damaliscus korrigum phalius V. Damaliscus hunteri III. Genus CoNNOCHi^TES I. CONNOCH^TES GNU . II. CONNOCn^TES TAURINUS . A. — Connochsetes taurinus taurinus B. — Connochaetes taurinus johustoni C. — Connochaetes taurinus liecki D. — Connochaetes taurinus albojubatus Subfamily vi. Cephalophin^ Genus Cephalophus 1. Subgenus Cephalophus I. Cephalophus sylvicultrix II. Cephalophus jentinki . III. Cephalophus spadix IV. Cephalophus natalensis A. — Cephalophus natalensis natalensis B. — Cephalophus natalensis amcenus C. — Cephalophus natalensis robertsi D. — Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi V. Cephalophus centralis VI. Cephalophus nigrifrons VII. Cephalophus claudi VIII. Cephalophus rubidus IX. Cephalophus weynsi X. Cephalophus johnstoni XI. Cephalophus ignifer XII. Cephalophus harveyi . A. — Cephalophus harveyi harveyi B. — Cephalophus harveyi keniae PAGE 32 33 35 37 39 41 42 44 44 44 46 46 48 50 54 56 57 57 58 59 60 63 63 66 67 68 69 69 70 71 71 72 73 73 74 75 75 76 77 77 CONTENTS IX XIII. Cephalophus leopoldi XIV. Cephalophus leucogaster . XV. Cephalophus dorsalis XVI. Cephalophus castaneus XVII. Cephalophus leucochilus . (?) Cephalophus emini XVIII. Cephalophus ogilbyi . XIX, Cephalophus brookei. XX. Cephalophus callipygus XXI. Cephalophus rufilatus A. — Cephalophus rufilatus rufilatus B.— Cephalophus rufilatus rubidior XXII. Cephalophus dori^ . XXIII. Cephalophus niger . ' . XXIV. Cephalophus -svalkeri 2. Subgenus Guevei XXV. Cephalophus (Gueyei) MAX^VELLI XXVI. Cephalophus (Guevei) melanorheus A.— Cephalophus melanorheus melanorheus B. — Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli C. — Cephalophus melanorheus anchietae . D. — Cephalophus melanorheus aequatorialis E. — Cephalophus melanorheus musculoides XXVII. Cephalophus (Guevei) monticola XXVIII. Cephalophus (Guevei) nyas.e A. — Cephalophus nyasse nyasfe B. — Cephalophus nyasie defriesi C. — Cephalophus nyasae congicus XXIX. Cephalophus (Guevei) hecki XXX. Cephalophus (Guevei) simpsoni . XXXI. Cephalophus (Guevei) lugens . 3. Subgenus Sylvicapra XXXII. Cephalophus (Sylvicapra) grimmi A. — Cephalophus grimmi grimmi B. — Cephalophus grimmi flavescens . C. — Cephalophus grimmi altifrons D. — Cephalophus grimmi splendidulus E. — Cephalophus grimmi coronatus . F. — Cephalophus grimmi campbelli^e PAGE 78 79 80 81 82 83 83 84 85 86 87 89 89 91 92 93 93 96 97 97 98 98 99 100 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 107 107 110 112 113 114 114 116 CONTENTS PAGE G. — Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus . . 117 H. — Cephalophus grimmi nyansae . . .118 I. — Cephalophus grimmi hindei . . .119 J. — Cephalophus grimmi altivallis . . . 120 K. — Cephalophus grimmi shirensis . . . 120 L. — Cephalophus grimmi roosevelti . . . 121 XXXIII. Cephalophus (Sylvicapra) leucoprosopus . 121 Subfamily vii. Oreoteagin^ . . . . .122 Genus Oreotragus ....... 123 Oreotragus oreotragus ..... 128 A. — Oreotragus oreotragus oreotragus . . 126 B. — Oreotragus oreotragus saltatrixoides . . 126 C. — Oreotragus oreotragus aureus . . . 127 T>. — Oreotragus oreotragus schillingsi . . 127 E. — Oreotragus oreotragus somalicus . . 128 F. — Oreotragus oreotragus aceratos . . . 130 G. — Oreotragus oreotragus porteousi . .130 Subfamily viii. Neotragin^ ..... 131 I. Genus Ourebia ....... 132 I. Ourebia ourebi ...... 133 II. 0UREBL\ HASTATA ...... 135 III. OUREBLA NIGRICAUDATA ..... 137 IV. 0UREBL\ MONTANA ...... 138 A. — Ourebia montana montana . . . 139 B. — Ourebia mcntana i^quatoria . . . 140 V. Ourebia haggardi ..... 140 VI. Ourebia keny^ ...... 141 VII. Ourebia microdon ..... 142 VIII. Ourebia goslingi ...... 143 IX. Ourebia cottoni ...... 144 X. Ourebia gallarum. ..... 144 II. Genus Eaphicerus ...... 145 1. Subgenus Eaphicerus ..... 146 I. Eaphicerus campestris ..... 146 A. — Eaphicerus campestris campestris . . 149 B. — Eaphicerus campestris iiatalensis . . 151 C. — Eaphicerus campestris neumanni . . 151 D. — Eaphicerus campestris stigmaticus . . 152 E. — Eaphicerus campestris capricornis . . 153 C02^TENTS XI PAGK II. Raphicerus sharpei ..... 153 A. — llapliicerus sharpei sharpei . . . 154 B. — Raphicerus sharpei colonicus . . . 155 2. Subgenus Nototragus ..... 155 III. Raphicerus (Nototragus) melanotis . . 155 III. Genus Neotragus ...... 158 1. Subgenus Nesotragus ..... 159 I. Neotragus (Nesotragus) moschatus . . 159 A. — Neotragus moschatus moschatus . . 160 B. — Neotragus moschatus akeleyei . . . 161 C. — Neotragus moschatus deserticola . . 162 II. Neotragus (Nesotragus) livingstonianus . 162 A. — Neotragus livingstonianus livingstonianus . 163 B. — Neotragus livingstonianus zuluensis . . 164 2. Subgenus Hylarnus. ..... 166 III. Neotragus (Hylarnus) batesi . . . 166 IV. Neotragus (Hylarnus) harrisoni . . . 167 3. Subgenus Neotragus ..... 168 V. Neotragus pygm^eus ..... 169 Subfamily ix. MADOQUiNiE . . . . . .172 I. Genus Madoqua ....... 172 1. Subgenus Madoqua ...... 173 I. Madoqua saltiana. ..... 174 II. Madoqua swaynei ...... 176 III. Madoqua piacentinii ..... 177 IV. Madoqua phillipsi ..... 177 A. — Madoqua phillipsi phillipsi . . . 178 B. — Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis . . . 179 C. — Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis . . . 181 V. ]\Iadoqua erlangeri ..... 182 VI. Madoqua cordeauxi ..... 182 2. Subgenus Rhynchotragus . . . .183 VII. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) damarensis . . 184 A. — Madoqua damarensis damarensis . . 184 B. — Madoqua damarensis variani . . . 185 VIII. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) cavendishi . . 185 A. — Madoqua cavendishi cavendishi . . . 186 B. — Madoqua cavendishi minor . . . 187 xu CONTENTS IX. Madoqua (Ehynchoteagus) kirki . A. — Madoqua kirki kirki . B. — Madoqua kirki nyika? C. — Madoqua kirki hindei X. Madoqua (Rhynchoteagus) thomasi XI. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) guentheri A. — Madoqua guentheri guentheri B. — Madoqua guentheri wroughtoni . C. — Madoqua guentheri smithi XII. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) nasoguttata II. Genus Dorcotragus . dorcotragus megalotis Subfamily x. Redunctn.e I. Genus Pelea Pelea capreolus II. Genus Redunca . 1. Subgenus Eleotragus I. Redunca (Eleotragus) arundinum A. — Redunca arundinum arundinum B. — Redunca arundinum occidentalis 2. Subgenus Redunca . II. Redunca redunca . A. — Redunca redunca redunca . B. — Redunca redunca bohor C. — Redunca redunca war di D. — Redunca redunca tohi E. — Redunca redunca cottoni . F, — Redunca redunca nigeriensis G. — Redunca redunca ugandae . III. Redunca fulvorufula . A. — Redunca fulvorufula fulvorufula B. — Redunca fulvorufula chanleri C. — Redunca fulvorufula shoana III. Genus Kobus . . 1. Subgenus Kobus I. Kobus ellipsiprymnus * . II. Kobus defassa A. — Kobus defassa defassa B.- — Kobus defassa ugandae PAGE 187 188 189 190 191 191 192 193 194 194 195 195 197 199 199 202 203 203 206 210 210 211 213 214 215 217 217 219 220 220 222 223 224 225 226 226 232 238 240 CONTENTS Xlll C. — KobuR defassa unctuosiis D. — Kobus defassa crawsliayi E. — Kobus defassa penricei 2. Subgenus Onotragus III. Kobus (Onotragus) lechk IV. Kobus (Onotragus) robertsi V. Kobus (Onotragus) smitiiemani VI. Kobus (Onotragus) maria o. Subgenus Adenota . VII. Kobus (Adenota) kob . A. — Kobus kob kob B. — Kobus kob nigricans C. — Kobus kob adolfi T>. — Kobus kob bahr-keetae E. — Kobus kob ubangiensis F. — Kobus kob alurae G. — Kobus kob loderi H. — Kobus kob neumanni I. — Kobus kob notatus . J. — Kobus kob thomasi . K. — Kobus kob nigroscapulatus L. — Kobus kob leucotis . VI 11. Kobus (Adenota) vardoni A. — Kobus vardoni vardoni B. — Kobus vardoni senganus PAGE 241 244 245 246 246 249 249 251 253 253 256 258 259 259 259 260 260 262 263 264 265 266 268 269 269 LIST OF ILLUSTEATIONS PAGE -Skull and Horns of Tora Hartebeest {Bubalis tora) . 9 -Head of Coke's Hartebeest {Bubalis col-ei) ... 14 -Skull and Horns of Jackson's Hartebeest {Bubalis lelwel jaclisoni) ....... 22 -Head and neck of Northern Race of Eooi Hartebeest {Bubalis caama selbornei) ..... 26 -Head of Lichtenstein's Hartebeest {Bubalis licliten- steini). ........ 30 -Head of Tiang {Damaliscus Txorrigum Hang) . . 42 -Skull and Horns of Herola or Hunter's Hartebeest {Damaliscus huntej'i) ...... 47 -The Gnu {Conuochcetes gnu) ..... 49 -Skull and Horns of Gnu {Comiochcttes gnu) . . 53 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Yellow- backed Duiker {C cplialoplius sylvicuUi'ix) . . 65 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Duiker- bok {CejjhalojjJius grimmi) . . . . .112 -Front and Side Views of Skull of Somali Klipspringer {Oreotragus oreotragus somalicus) . . . 129 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Peters's Oiibi {Ourebia liastata) ..... 136 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Kenia Oribi {Ourebia henyce) ...... 142 -Front and Side Views of Skull of Steinbok {Baphicerus canipestris) ........ 150 -Livingstone's Suni {Neotragus [Ncsotragus] living- stonianus). A, Male, changing coat, and female. B, Female ........ 163 ,, 17. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Zulu race of Livingstone's Suni {Neotragus [Nesotragus] living stonianus zuluensis) ..... 165 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Bates' Dwarf Antelope {Neotragus [Hylarnus] batesi) . 167 -Front and Side Views of Skull with one Horn, and without lower jaw, of the Eoyal Antelope {Neotragus liygmceus) 171 -Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Harrar Race of Phillips' Dik-Dik {Madoqua pliiUipsi Jiarrarensis) 180 -Front and Side View of Skull and Horns of Cavendish's Dik-Dik {Madoqua [BhyncJiotragus] cavendislii) ........ 186 Fig . 1. ?» 2. 5> o o.- ?> 4. )5 5.- 5» 6.- 7 M t .- »» 8.- 55 9.- 55 10.- 55 11.- 55 12.- 55 13.- 55 14.- 55 15.- »J 16.- 55 18.- 55 19.- 55 20.- 55 21. XVI LIST OF ILLUSTEATIOXS PAGE Fig. 22. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of the Beira (Dorcotragus megalotis) ..... 196 ,, 23. — Skull and Horns of the Vaal Ehebok {Pelea capreolus) 201 ., 24. — Head of Beedbuck {Redunca [Eleotragus] arundinum) 207 .. 25.— Skull and Horns of Eastern Bohor Reedbuck {Redunca redunca ivardi) . . . . . . . 216 ,, 26. — ^Head of Sudani Bohor Eeedbuck {Redunca redunca cottoni), from Mongalla ..... 218 ., 27. — Skull and Horns of Uganda Defassa {Kobus defassa ugandce) ........ 2.33 ,, 28. — Skull and Horns of Shari Defassa {Kohus defassa unctuostisi?) )....... 243 ,, 29. — Head of the Lechwe (ii'o&26s [Otiotragus] leche) . . 248 ,, 30. — Skull and Horns of Mrs. Gray's Lechwe {Kohus [^Onoti^agus] maria) ...... 252 ,, 31. — Skull and Horns of Western Kob {Kohus Tioh) . . 257 „ 32. — Skull (wanting lower jaw) and Horns of Loder's Kob {Kohus A-oh loderi). (From " Proc. Zool. Soc." 1899, p. 983) 261 ,, 33. — Head and neck of Albert Nyanza Kob {Kohus Jioh neumanni.) (From a photograph lent by Rowland AYard, Ltd.) 262 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATE S. VOL. n. Family BOVID^E (confAnued). KEY TO SUBFAMILIES OF BOVID^ INCLUDED IN THIS VOLUME. c. Horns (when twisted) heteronymous (voL i, p. 10). a. Horns in both sexes, relatively large, in females ; never in the form of relatively short straight spikes. Size, medium or large. a'. Horns fibrous, depressed, with opposed edges of bases forming parallel approximated lines on forehead... Ovibovince (vol. i). h'. Horns close-grained and more or less nearly cylindrical, at least at tips, and opposed edges of bases not forming parallel lines on forehead. a-. Horns conical and gently or strongly recurved, or bent downwards and outwards at bases, and finally directed up- wards ; never strongly ridged. Tail (except in two species of Nemorhadits) short Rupicaprina^ (vol. i) . h\ Horns sublyrate, strongly ridged, and often sharply bent near middle, or smooth and directed at first outwards or downwards. Tail relatively . A long Buhalime,^.1. r^ II. ^ 2 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES b. Horns present or absent in females ; when present in both sexes, spike-shaped. a'. Horns in the form of relatively' short straight spikes. Face - glands present ; tail short or medium. 8ize small to large. a-. Horns frequentl3' present in female. Face-glands forming a line on a bare streak. Head crested. Size medimii or small Cephalophino', b-: Horns (except in one race of Oreo- [p. 59. tragus) normally absent in female. Face - glands not forming a line on a bare streak. Head not crested. Size small. a-\ Hoofs truncated Oreotraginct, p. 122. b^. Hoofs normal. a*. Muzzle with large bare area reaching hind angle of nostrils Neob'agince, p. 131 . 6^. Muzzle with small bare area, notreachingmuch beyond front angle of nostrils Madoqidnw, p. 172. b' . Horns (except in Pelea) not in the form of relatively short straight spikes ; absent in females. Face- glands and (except in Pelea) foot- glands wanting ; tail medium. Size, medium or large Beduncinc^, p. 197. Subfamily v.— BUBALINiE. Size large. Tail medium or long, terminally crested or clothed with long hairs. Muzzle with a small bare muffle and large valvular nostrils, of which the lower margins are clothed with short bristly hairs. Face-glands placed near eyes, of an invaginated type, not forming a line of pores ; foot-glands in a deep interdigital cleft, with the orifice forming a long slit bordered above by a sharply defined line in fore-feet, absent or rudimentary in hind feet ; apparently no glands in groin. Teats 2 or 4. Lateral hoofs well developed. Horns heteronymous, present in both sexes, relatively large in females ; of moderate length, and either ridged, upright, and doubly or singly curved, with smooth tips, or smooth throughout, and directed at first mainly outwards or downwards. Skull with shallow lachrymal depressions, but no lachrymal vacuities or supraorbital pits. Upper molar hypsodont, with narrow crowns, and no inner accessory BUBALINiE 3 column. Vertebi'ic: usually c. 7, f). 13, L. 6, s. 5, ca. 12-14, but in Connochcvtcs gnu D. 14. The distributional area embraces practically the whole of Africa, where the country is suitable to these antelopes. In the Pliocene it included India. The three genera here recognised are distinguished as foHows : — A. Horns rising more or less vertically, ringed, with smooth tips ; face-gland with a single orifice leading into a hair-lined tube, which dips into the substance of the gland. a. Horns doubly curved, more or less sharply angulated, mounted on an elevated pedicle, and face abnormally elongated Buhalis. h. Horns simply curved, without sharp angulation, not supported on a pedicle, and face of normal proportions Damaliscus. B. Horns directed mainly outwards or downwards at starting, smooth throughout ; face-glands without central orifice and tube, their free surface consisting of a sparsely haired area of skin Connochcetes. I. Genus BUBAL IS. Bubalis, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, p. 154, 1814 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 5, 1894 ; PococJi, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1910, p. 900. Wcel&phus, B I aijiville, Bull. Soc. Philoni. 1816, p. 75; Biltimeyer, Ahli. sell weiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877. Damalis and Acronotus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, pp. 343 and 345, 1827. Sigmoceros, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 4, 1912. Large ungainly antelopes, with abnormally long faces, and horns, which are strongly ridged for the greater part of their length, and doubly curved, with a more or less marked " elbow " at commencement of smooth tips, rising in a more or less vertical direction from a cylindrical pedicle surmounting the fronto-occipital region. Neck without mane, tail reaching below hocks, moderately haired, generally with a crest of long hair on upper side of terminal half ; a whorl of hair on forehead, and hair on middle line of face below this directed downwards to a point a short distance above nose, where ihere is a second whorl ; face-glands large, with a central B 2 4 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES orifice leading to a hairy tube, usually tufted. General colour uniform brownish, yellowish, or rufous, with or without dark markings on face and limbs. Distribution co-extensive with that of subfamily. The eight species here recognised may be briefly diagnosed as follows : — A. Horn-pedicle relatively short; horns U-shaped when viewed full-face. a. Size small, shoulder- height about 3 feet 8 inches B. husela^phus. h. Size larger, shoulder-height from about 4 feet 2 inches to 4 feet 6 inches B. major. B. Horn-pedicle of medium height ; horns more or less of an inverted bracket-shape (■ — - — ). a. Horns relatively slender, with middle portion inclining upwards B. tora. h. Horns stouter, typically with middle portion horizontal B. cohei. c. Horns more or less intermediate in form between those of B and d B. neumanni. D. Horn-pedicle very tall ; horns V-shaped in full face. a. A dark face-blaze, dark markings on shoulders, thighs, and fore-legs, and a whitish patch on sides of buttocks B. caama. b. Dark and light markings absent, or represented only by small patches on face and fore -legs B. lelwel. Horn-pedicle very short and broad ; horns much incurved before sub-terminal elbow B. lichtensteini. I. BUBALTS BUSELAPHUS. Antilope buselaphus, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 7, 1766. Antilope bubalis, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 12, 1767, xii, p. 16, 1777 ; Mailer, Natursyst, Suppl. p. 54, 1776 ; Erxlcben, Syst. Begn. Anim. vol. i, p. 291, 1777 ; Zimmermanv, Spec. Zool. Geogr. p. 544, 1777, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 122, 1780 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 83, 1780 ; Bodclaert, Elenclius Anim. p. 143, 1785 ; Schreber, Sdugthiere, pi. cclxxvii, B, 1787 ; Gmelin, Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 188, 1788; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 314, 1792 ; Donndorf, Zool. Bcytrdge, p. 633, 1792 ; Bechstcin, Ueber- siclit vierfiiss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 95, 1799, vol. ii, p. 645, 1800 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 331, 1801 ; Virey, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. iii, p. 525, 1803 ; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 114, 1806 ; Illiger, Prodr. Syst. Mamm. p. 106, 1811 ; Lichtcnstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 163, 1814 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 417, 1814; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Ujjsal. vol. ^ii, p. 220, 1815; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 241, 1816; Des- marest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 195, 1816 ; Gold fuss, Mamm. vol. ii, p. 466, Schrebefs Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1171, 1820 ; BUBALIN/K i> Scliinz, CiLvicys TJiicrreich, vol. i, p. 390, 1821 ; F. Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. iii, livr. li, 1825; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 881, 1827, Nouv. Tahl. Begne Anim. p. 180, 1842 ; /. B. Fischrr, Synoj). Mamm. p. 473, 1829; Owen, Broc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Wagner, Sclirehers Sdugthiere, S^ippl. vol. iv, p. 469, 1844, vol. v, p. 445, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 443, 1845; Giehel. Saugethiere, p. 296, 1855 ; Biitimei/er, Ahh. schwciz. pah Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877. Cerophorus (Alcelaphus) bubalis, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Bhilom. 1816, p. 75. Damalis bubalis, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 347, vol. V, p. 3(i2, 1827. Acronotus bubalis, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 221, 1833; H. Smith, Nat. Libr. vol. iv, p. 174, 1836; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 157, 1843, List Ostcol. Brit. Mus. p. 58, 1847. Bubalus mauritanicus, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 139. Bubalis mauretanica, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet. -Ale. Handl. 1844, p. 208, 1846 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 195, 1893. Boselaphus bubalis. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 139, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 20, pi. XX, 1850 ; Blyth, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 51. Alcelaphus bubalis. Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 123, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 114, 1873 ; Tristram, The Sahara, p. 387, 1860. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 86 ; Brooke, Broc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 643 ; Biitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. p)al. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. {Mus. Bays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (ibid. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Lataste, Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, vol. xxxix, p. 2.-4, 1885. Bubalis bubalis. Brchm, Thierleben, Sdugetiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880, ed. 3, p. 355, 1891 ; partim. (?) Alcelaphus bubalis, var. tunisianus. Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 123, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 44, 1872. Alcelaphus bubale, Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 243, 1862. Alcelaphus bubalinus, Floiver and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 335, 1891. Bubalis buselaphus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopivs, vol. i, p. 7, pi. i, 1894 ; Bothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ; Anderson and de Winton, Zool. Egypt, Mamm. p. 336, 1902; Benshaw, Final Nat. Hist. Essays, p. 149. 1907 ; Hartcrt, Novit. Zool. vol. XX, p. 35, 1913. Bubalis boselaphus, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 905, 1899 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 94, 1908 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 134, 1899 ; Ward, Bccords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 120, 1910 ; Bocock, Broc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900. Typical locality probably Morocco. Smallest of tlie group, slioulder-lieiglit 3 feet V inches to 3 feet 8 inches. Horns mounted on a short pedicle, 6 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES diverging in a regular (J-sliaped curve, with little backward inclination of tips. Colour uniform pale rufous or yellowisli fawn, with no dark markings on face or limbs, but a pair of indistinct greyish patches on muzzle ; no whitish on lower part of rump ; only terminal tuft of tail black. Approximate iDasal length of skull 13 inches ; maximum breadth 4^ inches. Good horns may measure from 13J to 15 inches along front curve, the maximum recorded length being lo^ inches. Information is lacking with regard to the distribution of this apparently rare species in North Africa. It has 1)een stated by Tristram that this hartebeest, which has long since been extinct in Egypt, exists in Syria and Arabia, and in support of this statement the authors of the Book of Antelopes refer to a pair of horns obtained by Tristram from the Arabs of Syria " apparently referable to a female of this species." The present writer has, however, been unable to find any other testimony that this, or any other, hartebeest inhabits south-western Asia. 64], a. Skin, mounted. Xorth Africa. Presented hjj the Zoologiecd ISocietj/, 1855. 98. 6. 16. 1. Head, mounted. North Africa. Presented hj the Duke of Bedford, K.G., 1898. 59. 2. 10. 1. Skin and skeleton, female. North Africa. Presented hj the Zoologiecd Societi/, 1857. 641, e. Horns. North Africa. JVo iListory. 46. 10. 30. 153. Skin young, mounted. Tunis. Purchased, 1846. II. BU BALIS MAJOR Boselaphus major, Blyth, Proc. ZooL Soc. 1869, p. 52. Bubalis major, Ward, Becords of Big Game,* p. 62, 1892, ed. 6, p. 121, 1910 ; Matscliie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgehiet, vol. vi, pt. 3, p. 17, 1893 ; Lydekker, Ho7'ns and Hoofs, p. 196, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 134, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 96, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 11, 1894; Arnold, Gi'eat and Small Game of Africa, p. 135, 1899 ; de Winton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 358, 1899; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mas. vol. xxiii, p. 18, 1901 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 390, 1907. * This name like others in the sequel given as dating from Ward's book were first used in the Field by the present writer in articles subsequently republished in Horns and Hoofs. BUBALIN.^i 7 Typical locality probably Gambia. Larger than the preceding species, standing as much as 44 feet at the withers, with more massive horns, which are more sharply bent near the middle of their length, and have long, smooth tips. General colour uniform rufous fawn, ranging from deej) rafous almost to greyish fawn, with the face deep brown, and dark brown or blackish streaks on the fore-legs below the knees, and the tail-tuft black. The record horns measure 26f inches along the front curve, with a girth of 13^, and a tip-to-tip interval of 6^ inches. The range extends from Gambia to Nigeria and the interior of the Cameruns, Togoland, etc. 13. 3. 8. 3. Skin, mounted. Leri-n-duchi, North-eastern Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Presented hy Malcolm P. Hyatt, Esq., 1913. 76. 1. 4. 8. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. West Africa. Purchased, 1876. 95. 8. 25. 1-3. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature, and skull, with horns, and skin, female. Lokoja, at junction of Benue with Niger. Presented hy Lieut -Col. Sir F. J. D. Lugard, G.C.M.G., G.B., 1895. 60. 1. 10. 19. Skull, with horns. West Africa. Purchased, 1860. 64. 7. 16. 1. Skull. West x4frica; collected by Dalton. Purchased, 1864 69. 2. 9. 1. Frontlet and horns. West Africa ; received from E. Blyth, Esq. Co- type. Purchased, 1869. 69. 2. 9. 2. Frontlet and horns, female. Same locality and collector. Co-type. Same history. 1987, e. Frontlet and horns, female. West Africa. No history. 92. 11. 4. 1. Frontlet and horns. Southern Nigeria ; collected by E. Bower, Esq. Purchased, 1892. 99. 6. 15. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. Northern Territory of Gold Coast. Presented ly Capt. W. Giffard, 1899. 1. 4. 3. 5. Skull, with horns, immature. Nigeria ; collected by Major Wilkinson. Presented hy J. Roidancl IVard, Esq., 1901. 4. 7. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Zungeru, Northern Nigeria. Presented hy Capt. H. Cock, 1904. 8 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4. 7. 9. 2. Skull, with horns, and head- skin, female. Same locality. Samie liutory. -4.7.9.3. Frontlet and horns. Momaji, Northern Nigeria. Same history. 5. 5. 10. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Wase, northern Nigeria. Presented hy Dr. H. K. W. Kmnm, 1905. 7. 7. 8. 248. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Ibi, northern Nigeria ; Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Presented hy the Alexander -Gosling Expedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 249. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ibi ; Alexander- Gosling Expedition. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 250. Skull, with horns, female. Nigeria (?) ; Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 251. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Ibi ; Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 261. Skin. Ibi; same collection. Same history. 11. 6. 10. 109. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Fenivich Oiven, Esq., 1911. 11. 6. 10. 110. Skull, with horns. Upper Gambia. Same history. 1. 9. 15. 1. Skin. Nigeria; collected by Capt. H. A. Porter. Presented hy J. Roicland Ward, Esq., 1901. 8.10.15.1. Body-skin. Northern Territories, Gold Coast. Presented hy G. Dudgeon, Esq., 1908. 13. 8. 3. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Blaine, Esq., 1913. 13. 8. 3. 2. Head-skin. Same locality. Same history. III. BUBALIS TOEA. Alcelaphus tora, Gray, Nature, vol. viii, p. 364, 1873, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii, p. 341, 1873, Hand-List Biiminants Brit. Mils. p. 172, 1873; Sdater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, pp. 729 and 762, 1875, p. 529; Riitimcyer, Abh. schweiz. jjal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877; Jentinl; Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1877, Cat. Mamin. Leyden Mus. {ibid. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Flower and LydeMer, Study of Mammals, p. 335, 1891. Boselaphus bubaUs, Heuglin, Nova Acta, Ac. Cces. Leojj.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 21, 1868, nee Antilope bubalis, Pallas. Acronotus bubalis, Heuglin, Beise Nordost Afriha, vol. ii, p. 122, 1877, nee Antilope bubalis, Pallas. Bubalis bubalis, Brchm, Thierlebeu, Sdugetliicre,\6\. iii, p. 217, 1880, ed. 3, p. 355, 1891 ; partim. BUBALIK.*: 9 Bubalis tora, Ward, Bccords of Big Game, p. 59, 1892, ed. 6, p. 123, 1910 ; LydrU-er, Horns and Hoofs, p. 198, 1893, Grrat and Small Game of Afriea, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 100, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelo2)es, vol. i, p. 15, 1894 ; Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sjyoi'ting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 461, 1902. Tora. Typical locality Abyssinia, to which country, together with the lower part of the Blue Xile basin, this species appears to be restricted. Pig. 1. — Skull axd Horns of Tora Hartebeest {Buhalis tora). Size, typically, much the same as in the preceding species ; the shoulder-height ranging, it is stated, from 4 to 4J feet. Horns, which surmount a pedicle of medium height, in the form of a wide inverted bracket, and very slender ; general -colour ranging from pale fulvous, with or without a distinct dirty white rump-patch to deep rufous ; tail-tuft black. 10 CATALOCrUE OF UNGULATES The local races are distinguished as follows : — A. A light rump-patch, but no dark face-blaze. a. Horns distinctly bracket-shaped, and forming an obtuse angle at bend, with divergent tips B. t. tora. h. Horns intermediate between a and c, with tips directed straight backwards B. t. digglei. c. Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped, and forming nearly a right angle at bend, with convergent tips B.t. raliatensis. B. No light rump-patch, but a dark face-blaze. a. Horns directed forwards and then inwards ; general colour deep rufous B. t. swaynei. h. Horns intermediate between those of tora and sivaynei ; general colour deeper rufous ... B.t. noacJxi. The range includes Abyssinia and Somaliland. A.— Bubalis tora tora. Bubalis tora typica, LydeJiker, Great and Small Game of Africa,. p. 133, 1899. Bubalis tora tora, EothscJiild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. 12,. p. 576, 1913. Typical locality Abyssinia. Horns distinctly bracket-shaped, with but slight inward inclination, and forming (in a front view) an obtuse angle at the bend, after which the direction of the tips is out- wards ; general colour palish fulvous with rufous chin ; a light rump-patch ; limbs also light except front of fore-legs. Skull relatively slender and light; basal length 15J, and maximum width 5| inches. Fine horns measure from 20 tO' '2'2h along front curve, with a girth of from 9 to 10, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 10 to just over 22 inches. 73. 8. 29. 1. Skin, mounted, with skull (figured in Gray's Hand-List, pi. xli) in head. Dembelas, Abyssinia. Co-type. Purchased, 1873. 73. 8. 29. 2. Skin, mounted, female, with skull (figured by Gray, loc. cit.) in head. Dembelas. Co-type. Sa77ie history. 13. 11. 13. 1. Head, mounted. Binder Valley, White Nile ; collected by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe. Presented hy Col. E. J. Gunthorpe, 1913. 13. 11. 13. 2. Head, mounted, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. BUBALIN.E 1 1 88. 7. 4. 1. Head, mounted. Al)yssiuia. Purchased, 1888. ^^. 7. 4. 2. Skull, with horns (fig. 1). Abyssinia. Same history. 73. 8. 20. 3. Skeleton, mounted, with horns. Dembelas. Purchased, 1873. 73. 2. 24. 12. Skin, skull, and horns. Dembelas. Same history. 73. 2. 24. 13. Skin, skull, and horns, young. Dembelas. ]\lilk-cauines exist in skull. Same history. 94. 4. 26. 1. Skull, with horns, Sudan. Purchased {Ward), 1894. 5. 9. 24. 4. Skull, with horns. Sennar. Presented hy Cctpt. E. de H. Smith, 1905. B.— Bubalis tora digglei. Bubalis tora digglei, Bothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 576, 1913. Typical locality Keili, northwards along the Ofat Eiver on the Sudan-Abyssinian frontier. Type in Tring Museum. Horns intermediate in form between those of A and C, with tips directed straight backwards ; general colour dark fulvous, tending to rufous, with hair of face-glands and chin black. 1. 7. 6. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin, provisionally referred to this race. Hawash Valley, Abyssinia. Presented hy E. A. Pease, Esq., 1901. C— Bubalis tora rahatensis. Bubalis tora rahatensis, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freiinde, 1906, p. 246 ; LydeJdier, Game Animals of Africa, p. 100, 1908 ; Warcly Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 123, 1910. Typical locality Ambu, Eahat, Abyssinia, whence the range extends to middle part of Blue Nile Valley. Type the head figured on p. 334 of Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia; now in the collection of the author of that work at Quex Park, Birchington. Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped than in typical race, 12 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES with tlie points inclining inwards, and the bend nearly at rio'ht ano;les. 94. 4. 26. 1. Skull, provisionally referred to this race. Nile Valley. Presented hjj J. Boivland Weird, Esei., 1894. D.— Bubalis tora swaynei. Bubalis swaynei, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892. p. 98, pi. v, and pp. 118," 257 ; Sivayne, ibid. p. 303, Seventeen Trips through Somaliland, ed.2, p. 305, 1900, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 144, 1899; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 60, 1892, ed. 6, p. 125, 1910; Lydehker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 198, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa,-^. 101, 1908; Sclattr and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 21, pi. ii, 1894 ; Drake-Brockman, Mammals of Somali, p. 57, 1910. Bubalis tora swaynei, Bothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 576, 1813. SiG. Typical locality the " Hand " of Central Somaliland. Somewhat smaller than the typical race (shoulder-height about 3 feet, 11 inches), and distinguished by the presence of dark markings on the face and limbs, the richer body- colouring, and the absence of a whitish rump-patch. Horn- tips directed forwards and then inwards ; general colour deep rufous brown, finely speckled with white, due to the white tips of the hairs; face, except a chocolate band just below line of eyes, gland-tufts, chin, shoulders, fore-legs above knees, thighs, a patch on inside of hind-legs above hocks and an indistinct one on outer side, hind surfaces of pasterns, and upper surface of terminal half of tail, with its crest, black ; hams paler than back, but root of tail and legs (except where black) coloured like back. Fine horns measure from 19 to just over 20 inches along front curve, with a girth of from 9 to 10 J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 16 to 27 inches. 93. 4. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. P. L. Scleiter, 1893. 86.1.25.4. Body-skin. Near Berbera; collected by Herr J. Menges. Seime donor, 1886. 92. 5. 10. 1. Head-skin, skull, and horns. Somaliland; collected by Col. H. G. C. Swayne. Type. Same donor, 1892. 93. 12. 1. 5-6. Two skins and skulls, with horns. Ogaden, Somaliland. Same donor, 1873. BUBALIN/E 1:5 E.— Bubalis tora noacki. Bubalis noacki, 0. Neumann, Sitzhcr. Ges. 7iat. Frciuidc, 1905, p. 93. Bubalis swaynei noacki, Lydchho', Game Animals of Africa, p. 101, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 125, 1910. Typical locality Eastern Soinaliiand. General colour deeper rufous, tending to purplish red, with the black face-markings indistinct and less defined than in preceding race, but similar limb-markings ; horns intermediate between those of swaynei and tora. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. 6. 11. 1. 54. Skull, with horns, and skin. Arusi- Gallaland. Presented hij W. N: McMillan, Esq., 1906. IV. BUBALIS COKEI. Alcelaphus cokei, Gilntlicr, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. xiv, p. 426, 1884; Thomson, Masailand, p. 220, 1885; Hunter, Willoughhifs East Africa, p. 288, pi. i, fig. 1, 1889; Lugard, East Africa, vol. i, p. 532, 1893. Bubalis cokei, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 61, 1892, ed. 6, p. 127, 1910 ; LydehTier, Horns and Hoofs, p. 197, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 102, 1908; JacJi'son, Big- Game Shooting {Badminton Libr.), vol. i, p. 285, 1894 ; Sclater and Tho7nas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 27, pi. iii, 1894 ; O. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 95 (cookei) ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafriha, p. 110, 1895 ; A. H. Neumann, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 147, 1899 ; Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. xvi, p. 155, 1906 ; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 2, 1910 ; Lonnberg, K. Sve7isTia Vct.-Al\ Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 149, 1912. KONGONI. Typical locality Usagara, German East Africa. Size medium ; shoulder-height 4 feet to 4 feet 1 inch. Horns (typically) bracket-shaped, on an average shorter and stouter than in the preceding species, with a smaller tip-to-tip interval, and their middle segment horizontal and equal in length to the smooth tips. General colour pale huffish fulvous, with brownish chin, and buttocks somewhat paler than back ; tail long, reaching middle of shanks, and its black crest extending over about the terminal tln^ee-fourths ; fringes of face-glands shorter than in tora. Basal length of skull 14, maximum 14 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES width 5i inches. Good horns measure from 19 to 21 inches along front curve, with a girth of from 9 to lOJ, and a tip- to-tip interval of fi'om 13 to 18| iuches. Fig. 2.— Head of Coke's Hartebeest {Buhalis coJici). The distributional area extends from Usagara northwards to Kilimanjaro, Masailand, and the neighbourhood of Lake Eudolf. The races are distinsfuishable as follows : — o A. Horns distinctly bracket- shaped, with middle segment horizontal. a. General colour bright fawn, paler on buttocks B. c. coTcei. b. General colour darker and less rufous, with buttocks but little lighter than back B. c. rotlischildi. c. General colour lighter and more huffish than in rt, and frontal rufous replaced by tawny B. c. hongoiii. B. Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped, and ap- proxunating to those of the lehvel group B.C. nalxurce. BUBALIN^. 15 A.— Bubalis cokei cokei. General characters those of the species. Typical locality Usagara. 92. 10. 18. 3. Skin, mounted. Kilimanjaro district, German East Africa; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., and figured by Sclater and Thomas, op. cit., pi. iii. Purchased, 1892. 84 12. 15. 1. Head-skin and skull, with horns. Mlali Plains, near Mpwapwa. Type. Presented hy Col. the Hon. W. C. W. Coke, 1884. 90. 3. 27. 8. Skin and skull, with horns. Mountains of Taita ; collected by Mr. J. Wray. Purchased, 1890. 90. 3. 27. 9. Skull, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same Idstorij. 4. 7. 2. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa (fig. 2). Bequeatlied hjj H. Andrew, Esq., 1904. 94. 5. 4. 2. Skull, with horns. Mikindu Plateau, east of Machakos, B. E. Africa. Presented hy Lieut. -Col. Sir F. J. D. Lugard, G.CM.G., C B., 1894. 10. 6. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Lanjora, B. E. Africa. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Ansorge, 1910. 10. 6. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Nairobi, B. E. Africa. Same history. 2. 6. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw. El Donyo-eb-Urru, Ngonini, Eift Valley, B. E. Africa. Presented hy C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902. 2. 6. 15. 2. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 2. 11. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Kilimakin, Ukamba. Presented hy B. Crawshay, Esq., 1902. 2. 11. 18. 2. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 1. 8. 9. 61. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Xaivasha, 11 E. Africa. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 62. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, female. N^aivasha. Same history. 10. 4. 20. 3-4. Head skin and skull, with horns. Same donor, 1912. 4. 5. 5. 5-6. Two skulls, one female, with horns. Athi Plains, B. E. Africa. Presented hy C. B. Storey, Esq., 1904. 16 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES B.— Bubalis cokei rothschildi. Bubalis rothschildi, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 94. Bubahs cokei rothschildi, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 103, 1908. Typical locality Adoshebai Valley, northwards of Lake Siefanie. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. General colour darker and less distinctly rufous than in typical race, with buttocks and hind-legs differing less in colour from back, and flanks darker and yellower ; scarcely any dark hairs on chin ; horns approximating to those of swaynei noacki, but more rounded, with the tips directed more backwardly. No specimen in collection. C— Bubalis cokei nakupse. Bubalis nakurae, Heller, Smitlison. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 6^ 1912. Typical locality Nakuru, B. E. Africa. According to its describer, " similar to neicmanni, of the Lake Eudolf district, but differing by its lighter body- coloration and narrower or less broadly bracket-shaped horns ; similar to colcci in size and general body-colour, but feet with a black band bordering hoof-clefts, and horns narrower and less bracket-shaped." In a later paragraph it is stated that these hartebeests have the horns less widely spread than those of neumanni^ and " more or less intermediate between those of cohci and jacksoni in shape, and on this account they have usually been considered hybrids between those species by sportsmen. This, however, is not the case, although they occupy a somewhat intermediate geographical position. They are found on the north-western edge of the range of cokei, and they are really surrounded by this species and actually removed by many miles from the nearest jacksoni. The Xakuru race is known only by a single herd, which inhabits the country lying between Lakes Xakuru and Elmentaita. From neumanni, which occupies the region bordering the north-eastern shores of Lake Eudolf, they are separated Ijy several hundred miles." That this liartel)eest (of which the type is in the U.8. National Museum) is not entitled to rank as a species, may be considered certain, as the under-mentioned specimens show an almost complete gradation to typical skulls of col^ci 1. 8. 9. 60. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. The horns are intermediate in character between those of typical nakurcr and those of the next specimens. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1907. 4. 1 1. 5. 32. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. The horns of this and the next four specimens appear to agree with the description of those of the type. Presented hy Capt. R. Meinertzhagen, 1904. 4. 11. 5. 33. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. Scnne history. 4. 11. 5. 34. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. Same history. 4. 11. 5. 35-36. Two skulls, with horns. Nakuru. Same history. D.— Bubalis cokei kongoni. Bubahs cokei kongoni, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 5, 1912. Typical locality Loita Plains, Southern Guaso-nyiro Valley, B. E. Africa. Type in U.S. National Museum. Stated to differ from the typical race by its lighter colour, which is more huffish and less rufous on the body, while the rufous of the forehead of the latter is replaced by tawny. The skull is also stated to be, on the average, wider, with shorter and wider horn-pedicles (width of latter 94 cm., length 114 cm.). This is a highland race, whereas the typical form is a lowland animal. No specimen in collection. II. 18 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES V. BUBALIS NEUMANNI. Bubalis nemnanni, BothscJiild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xx, p. 376, 1897, Novit. Zool. vol. iv, p. 377, pi. xiv, 1897, vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 223, 1900 ; 0. Neumami, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 95 ; Lydelilier, Gaine Animals of Africa, p. 109, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 133, 1910. Bubalis tora neumanni, Lydel-her, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899 ; A. H. Neumann, Great and Small Ga^ne of Africa ^ p! 141, 1899; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p! 17, 1912.* Typical locality north-east of Lake Eiidolf. Type in Tring Museum. In this species, which may be only a race of cokei, the horns are intermediate to a certain extent between those of the tora-cokci and those of the lelwel-caama group. Those of the male are thicker and less divergent, with less distinct ridges, than those of tora, while they do not present the distinct V-shape characteristic of lelwcl. Their tips are directed inwards and backwards. General colour fulvous fawn, richer on the back than on flanks, and much paler on under-parts ; chin blackish, and tail- tuft black. 97. 11. 22. 1. Plaster cast of skull and horns. Original from district north-east of Lake Rudolf. Type. Presented hy A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1897. 97. 11. 22. 2. Head-skin, on cast of skull and horns, female. Same locality. Paratype. Same history. The following East African specimens belong to the type regarded, together with the Nakuru hartebeest, by Oscar Neumann (Sitzhcr. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1895, p. 95) as repre- sen ti-rrfMi-y-brids ♦l^etw-een-^T'-eo^^arnd--^.- lehcel jacksoni. 4. 7. 2. 1. Head, mounted. East Africa. Presents com- paratively little difference from the type of B. neumanni. Bequeathed hy H. Andreio, Esq., 1904. 2. 2. 12. 1. Skin, mounted, female. Near Lake Baringo, B. E. Africa. Presented hy J. Roidand Ward, Escq., 1902. * Heller does not actually use this name, but states that the horns of the type specimens of this hartebeest are " practically the shape of those of tora, of which neumanni appears to be a race." BUBALIN.E 19 VI. BUBALIS LP:LWEL. Acronotus lelwel, Heiiglin, lieise Nordost-AfriJia, vol. ii, p. 124, 1877 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzbcr. Ges. nat. Freundc, 1896, p. 78, 1905, p. 95 (lelvel). Bubalis lelwel, Rothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 456; Alexander, Front Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 390, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,^. 107, 1908, Bujiplement to do. p. 6, 1911 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 181, 1910 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912. Lelwel. Typical locality west bank of Nile in Jur district, Egyptian Sudan. A large species, standing about 4 feet 4 inches at the shoulder. Horns surmounting a very high pedicle, and forming a V when viewed from in front, with the tips bent backwards at rather more than a right angle ; general colour deep foxy red, either uniform throughout (with the exception of the chin and tail-tuft), or with a certain amount of dark markings on face, spine, and front of fore-legs. The tips of the horns may either converge or diverge to a slight degree. The species is typified by horns obtained by Heuglin in the Egyptian Sudan, but ranges southward to the north of Lake Baringo and Uganda. The races are characterised as follows : — * A. Small dark markings on face, back, and limbs.... B. I. insignis. B. Dark markings on lower parts of limbs. a. Horns convergent B. I. lelwel. b. Horns less depressed, convergent or diver- gent B. I. tschadensis. c. Horns parallel or convergent ; colour a lighter rufous yellow than in any other race B. I. roosevelti. c. No dark markings, except on chin. a. Horns divergent ; general colour bright rufous yellow B. I. jacksoni. b. Horns parallel or convergent ; general colour a purer and darker rufous yellow B. I. niediecki. * B. I. kenice, Kenia district. Heller, Smithson, Misc. Collect. vol. Ixi, no. 17, p. 3, 1913, was described too late for inclusion in this Hst. C 2 20 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES A.— Bubalis lelwel lelwel. Bubalis lelwel typica, Lydeklcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 107, 1908. Bubalis lelwel lelwel, Schtvarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 265, 1913. Typical locality Jur Valley, on west side of Nile, Sudan. Typified by horns collected by Heuglin. Horns relatively short, heavily ridged at base, with the tips slightly divergent ; and, according to Heller, dark markings on front of legs, although Neumann stated that the entire colour is uniform. 0. 6. 4. 1. Imperfect skull and horns. From a tomb at Abadiyeh, Lower Egypt ; collected by Prof. Flinders-Petrie. Presented hy Committee of Egyptian Exploration Fund, 1900. 11.8.14.28-29. Two similar specimens. Same locality. Sa)ii.e donors, 1911. 59. 9. 23. 2. Skull, female. Dour (? = Jur, or Djur), Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected by Consul J. Petherick. The reference of both this and the following specimens to the present race is provisional. Purchased, 1859. 84. 5. 1. 8. Frontlet and horns, female. Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected by Herr F. Bohndorff. Purehased, 1884. 7.7.8.247. Skin. Between Tonga Island and Lake No, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected during Alexander-Gosling Expedi- tion. Presented hy the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907. 0. 9. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Bahr-el- Ghazal. Presented hy Lieut. H. L. Fell, R.N., 1900. B.— Bubalis lelwel tschadensis. Bubalis lelwel tschadensis, Schiuarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 265, 1913. Typical locality Ketekma, east of Tschekna, Bagirmi. Type in Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt-am-Maine. Distinguished from l. lelwel by the longer and narrower nasals, and less depressed horns, in which the strongly curved tips may incline either inwards or outwards, while the front view is more distinctly V-shaped. A narrow seal-brown band above the hoofs, followed by a similar stripe on front of legs reaching to knees and hocks. From I. lehvel and /. niediecJd this race differs by the more upright direction and DUr.ALIN.E 21 curved tij^s of the horns, while it is distinguished from I. rooscvclti by the presence of narrow dark Ijands above hoofs and by the leg-stripes being seal-brown instead of tawny. 7. 7. 8. 247. Skull, with horns. Welle Valley ; collected during Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Presented hy the Alexander- Goslinrj Expedition, 1007. C— Bubalis lelwel jacksoni. Bubalis jacksoni, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, voh ix, p. 386, 1892, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 455 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 58, 1892; Lijdekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 196, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899 ; Jackson, Big Game Shooting {Badminton TAhrary), vol. i, p. 291, 1894, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 156, 1899 ; Bothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 39, 1894 ; Johnston, Uganda Protectorate, vol. i, p. 424, pi. facing p. 27, 1902 ; Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. xxvi, p. 157, 1906 ; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 2, 1910. Bubalis lelwel, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Gee. nat. Freunde, 1896, p. 78, 1905, p. 96. Bubalis lelwel jacksoni, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 107, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, eel. 6, p. 131, 1910; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912. Typical locality Kavirondo, Uganda. Distinguished from the typical race (according to Heller) by the absence of dark markings on fronts of fore-legs ; horns with the same divergence of the tips, but basal portion less heavily ridged. General colour bright rufous yellow or foxy red, darker than in typical lehvel. Shoulder- height about 4 feet 4 inches ; basal length of skull 16 inches, maximum width of skull 5f inches. 0. 4. 5. 1. Skin, mounted. Mau Plateau, B. E. Africa. Purchased, 1900. 92. 6. 24. 1. Skull, with horns (fig. 3), and ' face-skin. Near Kavirondo. Type. Presented hy Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1892. 4. 2. 14. 1. Head, mounted, female. Guasin-gishu Plateau, B. E. Africa. Presented hy Major P. H. G. Poiccll- Cotton, 1904. 10. 6. 10. 3. Skull, with horns. Elator Valley, East Africa. Presented hy Dr. IV. J. Ansorge, 1910. 94. 11. 2. 1. Skull, with horns, and head- skin, immature. Uganda. Presented hy G. F. Srott-Elliott, .Esq., 1894. 22 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 2. 4. 8. 1. Skull, with horns. Kagera Valley, Ankoli, Uganda. Shot by Capt. A. A. Fisher. Presented hij H. Fisher, Esq., 1902. 4. 12. 6. 17. Skull, with horns, female. Guaso-nyiro, B. E. Africa. Presented hj S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904. 2. 6. 5. 1. Skull, with horns. Gilgil, Eift Valley, East Africa. Presented hj C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902. Fig. 3. — Skull axd Horns of Jackson's Hartebeest (Bnhalis lelwel jacksoni). 2. 6. 5. 2. Skull, with horns. Njoro, Pdft Valley. Same histonj. 2. 6, 5. 3. Skull, with horns, female. Gilgil. Same history. 2. 6. 5. 4. Skull, wanting muzzle, with horns. Unyoro, Uganda. Same history. 2. 6. 15. 3. Skull, with horns. Ongotta Nairowa, liift Valley. Same history. BUBALIN^ 23 2. 6. 15. 4. 8kiill, with horns. Xorth-eiist of Meiiengai, Eift Valley. Same histor//. 1. 8. 9. i)S. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Guasin- gishu Plateau. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.CM.G., K.C.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 59. Head-skin. ^lolo. Same history, 1. 8. 9. 57. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eavine Station, B. E. Africa. Scime history. 13. 2. 12. 1. Frontlet and horns. East Africa. Shot by Lieut.-Col. F. C. Trollope. Presented hy Messrs. IV. and E. Trollope, 1913. D.— Bubalis lelwel niediecki. Bubalis niediecki, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 19Q'). p. 95. Bubalis lelwel niediecki, LydekJicr, Game Animals of Africa, p. 107, 1908; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 131, 1910; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912; Schioarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 266, 1913. Typical locality Gelo, at the source of the Sobat, east side of Nile, Sudan. Type in the collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. General colour a purer and darker rufous yellow^ than in jeicksoni, with a wholly black chin ; horns parallel f>r converging at tips. No specimen in collection. E.— Bubalis lelwel insignis. Bubalis jacksoni insignis, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 455. Bubalis lelwel insignis, LydehJier, Game Anirnals of Africa, p. 107, 1908; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 131, 1910; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 7, 1912. Typical locality Maanja Valley, about 30 miles w^est of Kampala, Central Uganda. Allied to B. hlvM jo.cl'soni, but wdth a black dorsal stripe, and black markings on face and limbs. Dorsal stripe, in type, stopping about a foot short of the tail ; tips of ears edged with black behind ; two black marks on forehead between eyes ; knees and front surfaces of fore-legs a short distance below them to hoofs, as well as hind surfaces of pasterns in both limbs black ; on hind-legs the black mark on 2-A CATALOGUE OF U2sGULATES front reaches from the hoofs about three-quarters the distance to level of hocks. In 1913 the writer saw the mounted head of an East African hartebeest of the jacksoni type in which nearly the whole face was chocolate-brown. Whether both this specimen and the type of indgnis really represent a distinct race, or whether they are individual " sports," is doubtful. 4. 4. 19. 1. Head, mounted, and body-skin. Maanja Valley, Uganda ; shot, March, 1902. Type. Presented hij Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1904. F.— Bubalis lelwel roosevelti. Bvibalis lelwel roosevelti, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 7, 1912 ; Schivarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 266, 1913. Typical locality Gondokoro, Mongalla Province. Type in U.S. National Museum. Nearly akin to insig7iis, but without dark markings on face or back ; general colour lighter than in niediechi, with which it agrees in the parallel or inward direction of the horn-tips. A seal-brown patch above hoofs, continued as a tawny streak on fronts of legs to knees and level of hocks ; chin with a similar brown patch. General colour lighter yellow rufous than in any other race. In the skull the nasals and the upper series of cheek-teeth larger than in jacksoni, the former measuring 9 J inches (234 mm.) and the latter 4^^^^ inches (105 mm.). In addition to the parallelism or slight convergence of their tips, the horns differ from those of jacksoni by their straighter profile, and by the angle at base of tips being more obtuse. 13. 3. 1. 1-3. Three skins. Between Assua Valley and Gondokoro. Presented hj Sir P. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1913. VII. BUBALIS CAAMA. Antilope caama, Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 242, 1816 Des77iarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 196, 1816 Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 467, 1822 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdug thiere, vol. v, p. 1174, 1820 ; Schiiiz, Cuvier' s Thierreich, vol. i p. 390, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 443, 1845; Burchell Travels in S. Africa, vol. i, p. 420, 1822; DesmouUns, Diet Cla. 1827; /. B. Fischer, Sijnop. Mannn. p. 474, 1829; Owen, Proc Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii. p. 633, 1868 ; Waterliouse, Cat. Mamm. ZooJ. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Wagner^ 8chreher''s SaugtJucre, Hiijipl. vol. iv, p. 469, 1844, vol. v, p. 444, 1855; Giebel, SaugetJiicre, p. 297, 1855; Druinuiond, Large Game of S. Africa, p. 425, 1875. Cerophorus (Alcelaphus) caama, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Dainalis caama, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdor.i, vol. i\, p. 348^ vol. V, p. 362, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Caj). p. 88, 1832. Acronotus caama, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 221, 1834; Harris, Wild Sports S. Africa, p. 377, 1839, Wild Animals S. Africa, pi. vii, 1840; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 157, 1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 58, 1847. Bubalis caama, Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet.- Ah . Handl. 1844, p. 208, 1846; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guinc, p. 195, 1853; BreJun, Tliierlchcn, Sdugethierc, vol. iii, p. 218, 1880 ; Nicolls and Egling- ton. Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 45, 1892; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 562, 1892; Selons, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 1, Field, vol. cxxii, p. 923, 1913; Lydehher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 193, 1893; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,^ p. 33, pi. iv, 1894; Bryden, Nature and Sport in S. Africa, p. 225, 1897 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 131, 1900 ; Pococl; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900. Boselaphus caama, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 139, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 20, pi. XX, 1850 ; Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 170, 1863, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 52. Alcelaphus caama, Gray, Cat. XJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 124, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 44, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 115, 1873; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Brit. Mus. p. 243, 1862; Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, pp. 285 and 292; Riitimeyer, Ahli. schiueiz. pal. G^es. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877; Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 673, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 224, 1881 ; Sclater, List Animals Zool. Gardens, p. 148, 1883, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 411 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 272, 1884; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1887,^ Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxiii, p. 20, 1891, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 71, 1892; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 291, 1889, Gun and Camera, p. 505, 1893; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. p. 170, 1891. Bubalis cama, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Aiiimals of Africa, p. 103, 1908; Field, vol. cxxii, p. 620, 1913; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 150, 1899; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 129, 1910. Eooi, or Cape, Hartebeest. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size typically al)out 4 feet, but reacliiug, it is stated, ta about 4 feet 2 inclies, in some specimens. Horns sur- mounting a very tall pedicle, from which they diverge :26 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES evenly so as to form a V when viewed full face, then curving forwards and upwards, and then bending sharply backwards, so that the "elbow" is nearly a right angle. General colour some shade of bright reddish brown, with the face, except for a band of varying width between and below line of eyes (which is light-coloured), and a patch on occiput, continued as a line down nape, nearly black ; Fig. 4. — Head axd Neck of Northern Race of Rooi Hartebeest (Btihalis caama selhornei). withers, shoulders, thighs, fore-legs to knees, part of fore- shanks, and chin dark plum colour, and a yellowish white patch, which does not include the middle of dorsal surface of tail, on the sides and lower part of rump ; tail not reaching 1 locks, with the middle of its dorsal surface dark through- out, and the crest ascending to within a short distance of the root ; under-parts whitish. Skull with a very narrow and elongated frontal region; basal length 17| inches, maximum width 6J inches. Good horns measure from 24 to 26 inches BUBALIN.^^ - . along the front curve, with a girth of from 10^ to 12, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 7 to 17 inches. The range originally extended from the Cape Town district as far north as tlie Limpopo on the eastern side of the continent and somewhat further north on the western side, on the borders of the Kalaliari Desert ; it thus included Cape Colony, Basutoland, the X.W. Transvaal, and British Bechuanaland. Tlie Basuto hartebeests now live in mountainous country, at an elevation at Avhich much snow falls in winter. Two races mav be reco2[nised : — a. South of Orange Eiver. Exticct some time after 1811 ; exact colour unknown B. caama caama. b. North of Orange River ; general colour as above B. caama seJhorud. A.— Bubalis caama caama. Typical locality Cape Colony ; extinct. B.— Bubalis caama selbornei. Bubalis caama selbornei, Lijdell-er, Proc. ZooJ. Soc. 1913, p. SiiO ; Ahs. p. 19. Typical locality Kimberley, the herd there ha^•ing apparently been imported from the Transvaal. The range is taken to include all the country noith of the Orange Eiver inhabited by hartebeests. H.B. — All the specimens in the collection are included in one list ; some or all of the older ones may represent the typical race. 12. 10. 10. 1. Skin, mounted (fig. 4). Kimberley Game Farm, imported from Transvaal. Type of selbornei. The pale colouring and imperfect development of the dark markings in this specimen seem to be abnormal or due to immatuiity, as other heads from the Kimberley herd show full develo[)- ment of the face-blaze. Presented by the Be Beers Mininy Co. {at the instccnce of the Ectrl oj Selborne, K.G.), 1912. 6. 8. 3. 1. Frontlet and horns of a very old male. South- east Africa. The tips of the horns are much worn away. Presented hy J. Kenny, Exc^., 1906. 28 CATALOCrUE OF UNGULATES 42. 4. 11. 6. Skin, formerly mounted. South Africa, probably, according to Selous {op. cit. 1913), from Western Transvaal or Griqualand ; collected by Sir Andrew Smith. Purchased ( Warwick), 1842. G40, h. Skin, mounted, immature. South Africa. Presented hij the Earl of Derhy, about 1846. 46. 7. 11. 4. Skin, mounted, young. South Africa. Purchased, 1846. 89.4.25.1. Head-skin. South Africa; collected by Mr. C. Smith. Purchased, 1889. 640, t. Skull, with horns. South Africa. One horn distorted. No history. 46. 7. 2. 2. Skull, immature. South Afiica. Purchased, 1846. 640, a. Frontlet and horns. South Africa. No history. 61. 2. 30. 14. Frontlet and horns. South Africa; collected by Gen. T. Hardwicke. Presented hy the Hon. East Indict Co., 1861. 640, h. Frontlet and horns. South Africa. No history. 640, d. Frontlet and horns, female. South Africa. No history. 48. 7. 13. 3-4. Two frontlets, with horns, female. South Africa. Purchased, 1848. 50. 8. 24. 7-8. Two frontlets, with horns. South Africa. Purchased, 1850. 50. 8. 24. 9-10. Two frontlets, with horns, female. South Africa. Purchased, 1850. 50. 8. 24. 11. Skull-face, female. South Africa. Same history. 56. 7. 9. 1. Young skull. South Africa. Purchased {Stevens), 1850. 640, /. Very young skull. South Africa. Purchased. 2. 4. 24. 1-2. Two skulls, wanting the lower jaw, with horns. Katal frontier. Purchased, 1902.. 6. * * *. Skull, with horns. Locality unknown. Beceived 1906. 13. 11. 13. 1. Body-skin. Mountain-plateau, Basutoland, to which these hartebeests appear to have been driven from the adjacent lowlands. Presented hy E. Bosu'orth Smith, Esq., 1913. 93. 12. 17. 1. Skull, with horns, immature, stated to BUBALIN.^^ 29 be from a hybrid between the present species and Damaliscus lunatus. Tati Valley, Matabililand. The donor states {Field, vol. cxxii, p. 363, 1913) that the antelope to which this specimen pertained was shot in 1890 by Cornelius van Eooyen. While in general Ijody-colonr this antelope resembled a tsessebe, it had the comparatively bushy tail of a Cape hartebeest ; the length of its head was intermediate between that of these two species, and its horns were unlike those of any other antelope. Presented hj F. C. Scions, Esq., 1893. VIII. BUBALIS LICHTENSTEINI. Aiitilope lichtensteini, Peters, Mittli. Ges. nat. Freunde, Dec. 18, 1849, Beise nacli Mossambique, Sdugeth. vol. i, p. 190, pi. xliii, xliv, 1852 ; Giehel, Sdugethierc, p. 298, 1855 ; Wagner, ScJireber's Sdugthiere, Su;ppl. vol. v, p. 445, 1855. Bubalis lichtensteini, Temminch, Esqiiiss. Zool. Giiine, p. 195, 1853 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 63, 1892, ed. 6, p. 135, 1910 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sjoortsman in S. Africa, p. 46, 1892 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 533, 1893, p. 504; Sclater, ibid. 1893, p. 506 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 198, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. Ill, 1908; Barkley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 132; Jackson, Big Game Shooting {Badmiyiton Library), vol. i, p. 290, 1894; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelo_pes, vol. i, p. 45, pi. V, 1894 ; Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 160, 1899; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamni. xo\. i, p. 134, 1900 ; Letcher, Big Game N. E. Bhodesia, p. 181, pi. 1911. Alcelaplius lichtensteini, Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 243, 1862 ; Gray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 44, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 115, 1873 ; Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 454; Seloiis, ibid. 1881, p. 763, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 224, 1881 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1887 ; Crawshay, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 662; Noack, Jahrb. Mus. Hamburg, vol. ix, p. 11, 1891 ; Lugard, East Africa, p. 532, 1893. Boselaphus lichtensteini. Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 660. {?) Bubalis leucoprynmus, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 137, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 108, 1895. Sigmoceros lichtensteini. Heller, Smithson, Misc. Collect, vol. Ix. no. 8, p. 4, 1912. Type of Sigmoccros. Typical locality Tette, Zambesia. Size medium; shoulder-height about 4 feet. Horns, 30 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES which are supported on a very short and wide pedicle, relatively short and thick, with a somewhat S-like curvature, very broad and flattened at base, then bending sharply inwards at an angle of about 45°, and then inclined backwards, with the tips more or less nearly parallel ; general colour fulvous, becoming distinctly rufous over a large area on back ; chin, tail-crest (which reaches just below hocks, and occupies about three-quarters of length of tail). "PiQ, 5. — Head of Lichtenstein's Hartebeest [Buhalis lichiensteini). and front of fore-shanks and lower part of front of hind- shanks black or blackish ; lower part of rump pale yellowish or dirty white, contrasting strongly with rufous of back; face-glands not tufted. Skull with a short frontal but an elongated nasal region, so that the total length (14 J inches) is much the same as in B. caama ; maximum width 7i inches. Tlie horn-pedicle immediately above the plane of the hind margin of the occipital condyles, whereas BUBALIN-E 31 in other species tlie l>ifurcatioii takes place coiisideialjly behind this plane, (jood horns measure from 21 to 23 inches along the front curve, with a girth of from 11 to 14, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 4^ to 20 inches. The range occupies a large area in East Africa north of the Saba including Nyasaland, Mozamljique, (Jerman East Africa to Usau;ara, and N.E. and NAV. llhodesia. 86. 5. 5. 3. Skin, mounted. Sabi Valley, Mashonaland ;. collected by E. C. Selous, Esq., 20/7/85. ^Purchased, 1886. 86. 5. 5. 4. Skin, mounted. Same locality and collector (2377/85). Same history, 81. 10. 28. 5. Head, mounted, and skull. Manica Plateau, north of the Zambesi; same collector. Firrcluised, 1881. 9. 5. 10. 1. Head, mounted. N.W. Ehodesia. Presented hy H. Panlhurst, Esq., 1909. 82. 5.25.4. Skull, female.. Collected by F. C. Selous, Escp l locality unknown. Pvrchascd, 1882. 84. 7. 7. 3. Erontlet and horns, and remainder of skull, immature. Usagara, German East Africa ; collected by Sir John Kirk. Purcliased, 1884. 84. 11. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. E. Africa; same collector. • Same liistory, ^^. 7. 4. 3. Head-skin and horns, female. Locality unknown. Purchased, 1888. 89. 7. 1. 3. Skull, with horns. Locality unknown. Presented hy Dr. A. Gunther, 1889. 88. 7. 1. 1. Scalp-skin and horns. Locality unknown. Sajiic history, 89. 7. 1. 2. Scalp-skin and horns, female. Locality unknown. Same history, 92. 8. 1. 62. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba^ Nyasaland. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., ICC.B., 1892. 93. 7. 9. 21. Skull, with horns, and skin. Shiri High- lands. Same donor, 1893. 93. 7. 9. 22. Skull, with horns. Shiri Highlands ; this and the two preceding specimens were collected Ijy A. Whyte, Escj. Same history, 93. 6. 20. 2. Skull, with horns, female. Pangani (?). Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1893. 32 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 1. 4. 27. 10. Skull, with horns. Locality unknown. Presented hy Lieut. -Col. ManniiKj, 1901. 7. 4. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, female. Barotsiland, N.W. Ehodesia. Frcscnted hy J. Boidand TVard, Esq. 8. 2. 14. 3. Skull, with horns. Between Dinmpwe and ■Gala Hill, S. Angoniland. Presented hy 0. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908. 8. 2. 14. 4. Skull, with horns. N. Angoniland. Same history. IL Genus DAMALISCUS. Damalis, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, nee H. Smith. Damaliseus, Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 51, ] 894 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p'. 902. J3eatragus, Heller, Smithson. MisQ. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912. Nearly related to Biihalis, but withers generally less elevated, and the skull with the frontals not prolonged upwards to form a horn-pedicle, so that the parietal aspect looks upwards instead of backwards, and. the face is shorter. Horns forming a simpler sigmoid curve, without a distinct ^' elbow" at the backward bend. Hair of face directed uniformly upwards ; face-glands small and not tufted. The range of the genus includes such portions of Ethiopian Africa {i.e. Africa south of the Atlas and tlie northern tropic) as are suited to the habits of its members. The five species here recognised may be distinguished as I'ollows : — A. Tail-crest black ; no spectacle -mark between eyes ; 3 lower premolars. a. Lower segment of limbs partially white ; face- blaze white in adult. a'. A \vhite rmup-patch D. injgargus. b'. No white rump-patch D. alhifrons. h. Limbs wholly dark ; face-blaze usually dark. a'. Horns directed mainly upwards, in a sublyrate form D. horrlgum. b'. Horns bowed outwards at first, forming a lunate curve D. lunatns. B. Tail-crest white ; a white spectacle-mark between eyes ; 2 lower premolars D. hunteri. BUBALIN.E I. DAMALISCUS PYGARGUS. Antilope dorcas, Pallas, Misc. ZooL p. 6, 1766, nee Capra dorcas, Linn. Antilope pygarga, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 10, 1767, fasc. xii, p. 15, 1777 ; Erxlehcn, Sysf. Begn. Anim. p. 287, 1777 ; Zimmer- mann, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 119, 1780 ; Gatferer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 82, 1780 ; Schreber, Sdugthiere, pi. cclxxiii, 1784 ; Boddaert, Elenclius Anim. p. 143, 1785; Gmelin, Linn.'s Sysf. Nat. vol. i, p. 187, 1788 ; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 811, 1792; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrage, p. 628, 1792; Bechstein, TJebersicht vierfilss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 87, vol. ii, p. 644,1800; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 352, 1801 ; Tui'ton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 113, 1802; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xxiv, p. 33, 1804, ed. 2, p. 186, 1816, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 456, 1822 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 233, 1804 ; Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. i^r^z6»c7c, vol. vi, p. 106, 1814 ; Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 435, 1814; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber' s Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1187, 1820; Schinz, Cuvier' s Thierreich, vol. i, p. 388, 1821, Synoj). Mamm. vol. ii, p. 402, 1845 ; Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 443, 1822 ; Burchell, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 5, 1825 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 373, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 73, 1832; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Water- house, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, SujJJjl. vol. iv, p. 412, 1844, vol. v, p. 447, 1855. Capra cervicapra, Milller, Natursyst. vol. i, p. 414, 1773, nee Linn. Antilope grisea, Boddaert, Elenclius Anim. p. 139, 1785. Capra scripta, Thunberg, Beise, vol. ii, p. 50, 1789, English Transl. vol. ii, p. 44, 1793, nee Antilope scripta, Pallas. Antilope maculata, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 315, 1811. Cerophorus (Gazella) pygarga, Blainville, Bull. Soe. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cervus pygargus, Oken, Lehrbuch Nat urgeschiehte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 738, 1816. Antilope personata. Woods, Zool. Journ. vol. v, p. 2, 1885. Gazella pygarga, Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xvii, 1840; Gray, List Mamm. Brit, Mus. p. 161, 1843. Damalis pygarga. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59, 1847, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 141, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 21, 1850, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 127, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 116, 1873 ; Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 77, 1861, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 625 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Brit. Mus. p. 244, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. 1-. ATi. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 140, 1887 ; Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in South Africa, p. 32, 1892. II. D 34 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Bubalis pj^garga, Sundevall, E. SvensTia Vet.- Ah. Handl. 1844, ]p. 209, 1846; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1852; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 69, 1892; LydeA-lcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 202, 1893. Alcelaphus pygargus, Sclater, List. Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 150, 1883; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 273, 1884 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 295, 1889, Nature and Sport in S. Africa, p. 265, 1897 ; Floioer and LydeJiJier, Study of Mammals, p. 335, 1891. Damaliscus pygargus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 73, pi. viii, 1895 ; LydekJcer, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 121, 1908 ; Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 175, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 137, 1900 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 145, 1910. Damaliscus pygarga, Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 903. BONTEBOK. ' The type species. Typical locality Cape Colony ; the range extending as far north as the Orange Eiver. Height at shoulder about 3 feet 4 inches.* General colour rufous fawn, darkening into blackish on crown of head, sides of face and ' neck, flanks, thighs, and fore part of rump, the latter tint also extending down front and outer sides of limbs to knees and hocks, above each of which it forms a garter ; front of face in adult, hind portion of rump, inclusive of root of tail, and knees, hocks, and shanks (with the exception of a dark line down front surface) white ; tail- crest, which reaches hocks, black. Horns sublyrate, without strongly marked basal divergence. In immature animals the face-blaze is wholly slatey grey. Good horns measure from 15 to 16f inches in length, with a girth of from 6 to 6J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 5 to 10 inches. Skull-measurements practically the same as in D. albifrons. 39. 7. 25. 1. Skin, mounted. Cape Colony ; collected by Dr. Smuts. Purchased, 1839. 39. 7. 25. 2. Skin, mounted, female. Cape Colony \ same collector. Purchased, 1839. 96. 11. 28. 1. Skin, mounted. Nakhtwicht Farm, Bre- dasdorp, Cape Colony. Presented hy F. C. Selous, Esq., 1896. * Nicolls and Eglington state that the height may reach as much as 3 feet 11 inches. Q: BUBALIN^ 60 96. 11. 28. 2. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality. Same history. 57. 9. 20. 124. Skin, mounted, young. South Africa. Purchased ( Vcrreaux), 1857. 43. 9. 27. 2G. Skin, mounted, young. South Africa. Purchased {Brandt), 1843. 57. 12. 21. 7. Skeleton. South Africa. Presented hij the Zoological Society, 1857. 51. 10. 23. 13. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Purchased, 1851. 51. 10. 23. 14. Skull, with horns. S.Africa. Same history. 58. 3, 17. 4. Skull, with horns, female. South Africa. Same history. 644, a. Single horn. Swellendam (?), Cape Colony; col- lected 17/1/1815. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Burehell about 1817. 16,/. Skin, young, mounted. South Africa. Purchased ( Warioiclc). II. DAMALISCUS ALBIFEONS. Antilope albihons, Burehell^ Travels in South Africa, vol. ii, p. 335, 1824 ; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, vol. iv, p. 4i3, 1844, vol. v, p. 448, 1855. Gazella albifrons, Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxi, 1840. Damalis albifrons, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 141, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 22, pi. xxii, fig. 1, 1850, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 129, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 116, 1873 ; Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 77, 1861 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869; Drummond, Large Game of S. Africa, p. 425, 1875; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 31, 1892; JentinTi, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 171, 1892. Bubalis albifrons, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 210, 1846; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 68, 1892; Lydehker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 202, 1893. Alcelaphus albifrons, Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, pp. 286 and 292; Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 149, 1883; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 295, 1889; Floiucr and Lydekker, Stjcdy of Mammals, p. 335, 1891. Damaliscus albifrons, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelo2)es, vol. i, p. 79, pi. ix, 1895; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 125, 1908; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 183, 1899; W. L. Sclater, D 2 :36 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 141, 1900; Benshaw, Final Nat. Hist. Essays, p. 156, 1907 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 147, 1910 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900. Blesbok. Typical locality probably northern Cape Colony. Very similar to D. pi/gargus but rufous colour much more predominant owing to the lighter shade of the areas which are dark in the latter species ; the face-blaze divided by a narrow brown bar at the constriction between the eyes ; the ruDip-patch reduced to a small paler area round the root of the tail, and dark colour continued down outer side of lower part of legs, so that hocks and outer side of knees are rufous fawn instead of white. Tlie summits of the rings of the horns differ from those of the bontebok (D. 'pygarrjm) by bein. 7. A similar speciiiieii. S. Afiica. Sffnie liUivry. no. l. vol. iv, p. 453, 1844, vol. v, p. 426, 1855 ; Giebel, Sduge- thiere, p. 321, 1855. Natal Duiker. Typical locality Natal. Size relatively small ; slioiilder-heiglit about 17 inches, length of ear 2 J, of hind-foot 7f inches. Build slender ; colour uniformly tawny or chestnut, with a faintly marked redder streak over eyebrows, the back of neck greyish brown, and the chin and throat whitish ; tail slender, rufous at root, brown, tipped with white, at extremity ; horns much thickened at base, and attaining a length of about 3 inches in good specimens. Basal length of skull 5| inches, maxi- mum width, 2f , length from orbit to muzzle 3| inches. The following races have been named : — A. Size small, length of hind-foot usually less than 7| inches (199 mm.) ; colour dark ; ears short, 3 inches (76 mm.). a. General colour tawny, with nape pale slaty gxey C. n. natalensis, h. General colour richer, redder on back and yellower on flanks with nape nearly black C. n. amoenus. CEPHALOPHINiE 69 B. Size larger, length of hind-foot exceeding 7^ inches (199 mm.) ; colour paler ; ears longer, 83 inches (84 mm.). a. General colour tawny ochery, paler beneath ... C. n. rohertsi. b. General colour paler, dirty white beneath C. n. hradshaiui. A.— Cephalophus natalensis natalensis. Typical locality Natal. Size small, with ears not exceeding 76 mm. General colour, with paler under-parts ; throat as far back as ears white, elsewhere, together with chest and cheeks, lighter than under-parts ; nape pale slaty grey, with a brownish tinge ; a greyish tint on face above nostrils. 42. 4. 11. 4. Skull and skin, female. Natal. Type. Purchased {South African Museum), 1842. 49. 3. 26. 2. Skull, immature, female. S. Africa. Figured in " Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus.," p. 85, pi. x, fig. 1. Purchasecl, 1847. 40. 6. 24. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin. Natal; collected by Dr. A. Krauss. Purchased, 1840. 4. 12. 3. 92. Skull, with horns, and skin. Umvolosi Valley, Zululand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hj C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904. 4. 12. 3. 93. A similar specimen. Same locality and collector. Same history. 97. 1. 5. 1. Skin. South Africa. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. B.— Cephalophus natalensis amoenus. Cephalophus natalensis amoenus, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 277, 1911 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Su2)pl. p. 8, 1911. Typical localit}^ Barberton, Transvaal. General colour darker than in typical race, with the back redder, the flanks yellower, the under-parts scarcely lighter than back, and the lower part of throat rather paler than under-parts ; nape nearly black. Length of tail 3|- inches (89 mm.), of hind-foot 7| (199 mm.), of ear 3 (76 mm.) 70 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES inches ; length of sknll 5 J inches (143 mm.), maximum breadth 2^ (72 mm.); length of row of upper cheek-teeth 1 j inches (44 mm.), 94. 11. 4. 1. Skin, mounted. De Kaap, Barberton, Transvaal. Presented hy Dr. P. Pcndall, 1894. 94. 11. 4. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Moodies, Barberton. Same history. 9. 11. 4. 3. Skull and skin, female. De Kaap. Same history. 6. 11. 7. 13. Skull, with horns, and skin. Legogot, Barberton; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Type. Presented hy C. D. Ricdd, Esq., 1906. 6. 11. 7. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality and collector. Saine history. 6. 11. 7. 15. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. C.~Cephalophus natalensis robertsi. Cephalophus robertsi, Bothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 691. Cephaloplius natalensis vassei, Trouessart, Bull. Mus. Paris, 1907, p. 443. Cephalophus natalensis robertsi, Wroughton., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 278, 1911 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Sux>i)l. p. 9, 1911. Typical locality Portuguese East Africa. Type in Tring Museum. Size rather larger than in typical race. General colour tawny ochery, paler and yellower than in the latter, and lower part of throat only slightly tinged with rufous ; under- parts lighter than back ; nape darker than in typical race, the hairs where the dark nape-patch fades into the general colour being distinctly ringed with dark slate and ochery ; an ash-grey patch above nostrils, which is absent in n. natalensis and represented by a short and narrow median line in amoenus. Length of tail 4^ inches (121 mm.), of hind-foot 7^f inches (197 mm.), of ear 3| inches (85 mm.) ; basal length of skull 7j% inches (184 mm.), maximum width 2^ inches (74 mm.); length of upper row of cheek-teeth barely IJ inches (46 mm.), 6. 11. 8. 139. Skull, with horns, and skin. Coguno, CEniALOPHIN.E n Iiiliambane District, Portuguese East Africa; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy C. I). Budd, Esq., 190G. G. 11. 8. 140-141. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, female. Same locality and collector. Same liistory. 8. 1. 1. 121-122. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Gorongoga, P. E. A. ; same collector. Same donor, 1908. D.— Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi. Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 279, 1911 ; LydeJiker, Game Animals of Africa, SnppL p. 9, 1911. Typical locality Shiri Valley, Nyasaland. Differs from rohertsi by the much lighter and more yellow tint of the pale tawny ochery of the general colour ; and by that part of the throat not occupied by the white throat- patch, the chest, the inner sides of the fore-legs, and the under- parts being nearly white, with only a slight rufous tinge ; nax:)e-patch slightly and nasal patch markedly more pro- nounced than in rohertsi. Basal length of skull barely 5h inches (144 mm.) ; maximum breadth 2J inches (70 mm.) ; length of row of upper cheek-teeth 1-l-J inches (45 mm.). 11. 6. 16. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female, Chiromo, Shiri Valley, Nyasaland. Type. Presented hy Major C. P. Bradshaiu, 1911. V. CEPHALOPHUS CENTEALIS. Cephalophus centralis, M. Rothschild and Neuville, C. R. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. cxliv, p. 217, 1907; Lydehlier, Game Animals of Africa, p. 150, 1908. Typical locality Ituri Forest. Distinguished from the typical form of C. natalensis by the more exclusively sombre colour of the face, the wholly red head-crest, which shows no black hairs, the brighter tint of the forehead, and the rather larger bodily size. As this duiker is not included by Wroughton among the races of C. natalensis, it is provisionally allow^ed specific rank, although it is probaldy nothing more than a local form of the latter. No specimen in collection. 72 CATALOGUE OF UXGULATES YI. CEPHALOPHUS NIGEIFPONS. Cephalophus niguifrons, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871. p. 578, pi. xlvi, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873; Peters, Monatsber Ah. Berlin, 1876, p. 482 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 419 ; LydeMer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 210, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 150, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 149, pi. xviii, fig. 1, 1895; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 38, 1897 ; de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 773 ; Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1907 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 872. Cephalophus aureus, Gj-ay, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii, p. 42, 1873, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 95, 1873. Typical locality Gabun. A medium-sized species, standing about 18 or 19 inches at shoulder, distinguished from C. natalensis by a blackish blaze on the face — widest on the forehead — and the dark shanks and feet. It is further distinguished by the greater uniformity of colouring, which is scarcely paler below than above, and by the absence of pale bay on cheeks, sides of neck, and throat, as well as of a white chin. General colour deep chestnut, scarcely paler l)elow than above, but head-crest and middle line of face blackish, and contrasting strongly with rufous eyebrow-streak ; nape rather browner ; limbs from knees and hocks downwards, and tail, except for some white hairs in terminal tuft, blackish. Horns short, somewhat expanded at base; skull with convex frontal region ; hoofs relatively long. Basal length of skull Qj, maximum breadth 3^ inches. The range extends along the west coast from the Galjun to the Cameruns, and to Stanley Falls on the Upper Congo. 71- 5. 27. 2, Skull, with horns, and skin. Gabun ; collected by Monsieur P. du Chaillu. Type. Purchased, 1871. 61. 7. 29. 28. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality and collector. Type of C. aureus. Purchased, 1861. 1. 5. 4. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Stanley Falls, Upper Congo : collected by Capt. AVeyns. Presented hij the Congo Free State Museum, 1901. CEPHALOPHIN^: 73 VII. CEPHALOPHUS CLx\U])L Cephalophui3 claudi, Tliomas and Wrouf/Jiton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, \). 386, 1907 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 151, 1908. Typical locality Welle Valley, Congo State. Distinguislied from nigrifrons by the luucli darker and richer colouring, the general colour being Ijurnt-sienna alJO^'e, with a strong suft'usion of black on the shoulders, and only a little paler below than above, but with a dark median ventral line, body-colour extending below hocks in hind-legs. Skull relatively longer in advance of orl)its, narrower between them, and flatter on forehead than in nigrifrons ; cheek-teeth broader ; auditory bullae larger. The following dimensions, in millimetres, show the differences in skull -proportion of this species as compared with both nigrifrons and ruhidus : — claudi. nigrifrons. ruhidus. Length of preorbital portion 102 92 85 Length of nasals 75 70 60 Interorbital width 38 40 40 Maximum breadth of second molar 12'5 10 10 7. 7. 8, 222. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bambili, Welle Valley, Congo State ; collected during Alexander- Gosling Expedition from the Niger lo the Xile. Type. Presented hy the Alexander -Gosling Exf)edition, 1907. VIII. CEPHALOPHUS EUBIDUS. Cephalophiis rubidus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1901, vol. ii, p. 89; Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 386, 1907 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 151, 1908. Typical locality Euwenzori, E. Africa. Closely allied to nigrifrons and claudi, from both of which it differs by the presence of a white chin-patch, while from the latter it is also distinguished by the absence of a dark area on the shoulders and of a dark ventral stripe, as well as by the dark portion of the hind-legs including the hocks. The skull-characters mentioned under the heading of claudi, together with the table of measurements, serve to distinguish this species still more markedly from nigrifrons. 74 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES General colour of thick, close, and rather woolly hair uniformly rich chestnut, with the basal portion of the hairs greyer, and along the middle line of the back, especially near the loins, showing tlu^ough, and thus communicating a darker shade to that line ; hair of neck directed (as usual) back- wards ; a white chin-patch ; under-parts paler rufous, becom- ing whitish between legs ; from shoulders and hips colour gradually darkening to the knees and hocks, which, like the shanks, are blackish ; tail short, black grizzled with rufous and white above, and dirty white beneath and at tip. 6. 7. 1. 199. Skull, with horns, and skin. Euwenzori. Presented hy the Ruwenzori Ecq^edition, 1906. 4. 4. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Impuka Valley, Euwenzori (10,000 feet). Presented hy Capt. C. AshburnJiam, 1904. 1. 0. 9. 65. Skin. Euwenzori. Type. Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1901. IX. CEPHALOPHUS WEYNSI. Cephalophus weynsi, Tliomas, Ann. Congo Mus. — Zool. vol. ii, pt. 1, p. 15, pi. i, 1901, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907; LydeJclcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 152, 1908; Christy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 672. Typical locality near Stanley Falls, Congo State. Nearly allied to nigrifrons, but with hair of nape directed forwards ; body-hair short and close ; general colour brown in front and bright rufous behind, the tint of the rump corresponding with that in nigrifrons; muzzle chocolate- brown, passing gradually into mingled red and black on tlie forehead, and into red-maroon in the neighbourhood of crest ; cheeks pale brown above and whitish lower down ; ears short and rounded, brown with whitish margins; no dark dorsal or ventral stripe. The range extends to the Albert Nyanza, about 150 miles to the east of which this species is replaced by G. ignifcr. 1. 5. 4. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature female. Stanley Falls, Upper Congo. Co-type; collected by Capt. Weyns. Presented hy the Gongo Free State Musetcm, 1901. CEPHALOPHIN^ 7o 7. 7. 8. 219. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Bam- bili, Welle Valley, Congo State. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 11. 11. 7. 2. Skin, mounted. Mabira Forest, Uganda. Also skull. Presented hy Dr. C. Christy, 1911. 11. 11 7. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality. Sarnc history. 7. 10. 1. 10. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Budongo Forest, Uganda. Presented hy L. M. Seth-Smith, Esq., 1907. 7. 10. 1. 11. Immature skin. Budongo. Same history. 5. 11, 27. 18. Skull, with horns. French Congo; col- lected by G. L. Baxter, Esq. Piir chased, 1905. X. CEPHALOPHUS JOHNSTONI. Cephalophus johnstoni, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1901, vol. ii, p. 89, ibid. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; LydeJcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 152, 1908. Typical locality Toro district, eastward of Euwenzori, Uganda. Closely allied to weynsi, with which it agrees in the reversal of the hair-slope on the nape, but distinguished by its thicker and more woolly coat and much darker colour. 1. 8. 9. 64. Skull, with horns, and skin. Toro. Type. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. XL CEPHALOPHUS IGOTFEE. Cephalophus ignifer, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; Lydeklcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 152, 1908. Typical locality Eldoma Eavine, B. E. Africa. Xear akin in colour and general characters to weynsi and johnstoni, but distinguished from both by the backward slope of the nuchal hairs. Size medium ; coat fine and glossy, with the general colour bright rufous or bay, darkening to dull brownish on neck and shoulders ; forehead mixed rufous and black ; crown and back of head rufous like back, but the tuft tending more to mahogany. Muzzle blackish ; lips and chin white ; ears dark brow^n, white on margins and internally ; throat rufous ; middle line of under-parts brown, 76 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES shading into rufous on flanks, and passing into white between legs ; from shoulders and thighs gradually darkens to knees and hocks, which are brown, and so on to lower part of legs, which are nearly black above hoofs ; tail rufous above and white below, with a brown and white tuft. Skull of normal character, with premaxillae just reaching nasals, and moderately convex; basal length Q^q (162 mm.), maximum width 3f inches (79 • 5 mm.). Length of hind-foot, with hoof, 9J inches (240 mm.), of ear 3J inches (81 mm.). 2. 11. 17. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eldoma Eavine, B. E. A. Type. Presented hy F. W. Isaac, Esq., 1902. 3. 3. 7. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, female. Same locality. Same donor, 1903. 6. 5. 6. 8. Skin, mounted. Kakamega Forest, B. E. Africa. Same donor, 1906. Xll. CEPHALOPHUS HAKVEYI. Cephalophus harveyi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xi, p. 48, 1893, Ann. Mus. Genova, ser. 2, vol. xv, p. 6, 1895, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 210, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 153, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, \o\. i, p. 145, pi. xvii, 1895 ; Matschie, Sduge- thiere Deutsch-OstafriJia, p. 116, 1895 ; de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 773 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 168, 1910. Typical locality Kilimanjaro district, B. E. Africa. Closely related to ignifer, but with the greater part of the forehead black, and (typically) middle of head-crest black and sides chestnut. Horns very thick at base, so that in old individuals their length is barely two and a half times the basal diameter. Feet slender, with hoofs of average length. Skull roughened and inflated in frontal region, with median palatal notch slightly deeper than lateral over ; basal length 5|- inches, maximum breadth 3 inches. The range extends from the Kilimanjaro district north- wards to the south of Somaliland. Two races said to be distinguished by the colour of the crest have been named: — Crest black in middle and chestnut on sides C. harveyi harveyi. Crest mahogany-coloured in the middle and rufous at sides C. h. kenice. CEPHALOPHIN^ 77 A.— Cephalophus harveyi harveyi. General characters those of the species. Typical locality Kilimanjaro district. 92. 12. 3. 10. Head, mounted, body-skin, and skull. Kaha Forest, westward of Taveta, Kilimanjaro district. Type. Presented hy Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1892. 9. 11. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kikuyu Forest, B. E. A. Presented hy M. P. Seth-Smith, Esq., 1909. 9. 11. 15. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 79. 11. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Malindi, B. E. Africa. Presented hy Sir John Kirk, 1879. 9. 4. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bulla-bulla, Juba Valley, southward of Italian Somaliland. Presented hy H. P. Hennessey, Esq., 1909. 99. 12. 25. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Tana Valley, B. E. A. Presented hy H. de Pree, Esq., 1899. 7.1.12.2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kikuyu Forest. Presented hy C. W. Hctyiuood, Esq., 1907. 10. 4. 20. 8. Skull, with horns. Subaki, Tana Valley. Presented hy J. Muir, Esq., 1910. 7. 16. 24. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Nyasa. Presented hy A. J. Stout, Esq., 1907. B.— Cephalophus harveyi keniae. Cephalophus harveyi keniae, Lonnberg, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. ix, p. 65, 1912, K. SvensTca Vet.-AJc. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 150, 1912. Typical locality forests near Nairobi, B. E. Africa. Said to be distinguished from typical race by head-tuft being mahogany-colour in the middle and rufous at the sides, instead of black in middle and chestnut on sides. Fore-legs and hind-legs from the hocks downwards glossy brownish black ; a brown streak down middle of chest. 11. 7. 8. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin immature ; provisionally referred to this race. Nairobi, B. E. A. Col- lected by S. A. Neave, Esq. Purchased, 1911. 78 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The dimensions of the type skull, as given by the describer, are as follows : — Basal length 151 mm. Maximum width 77 ,, Distance from muzzle to orbit 88 ,, Length of nasals 58 ,, ,, ,, upper series of cheek-teeth 49 ,, XIII. CEPHALOPHUS LEOPOLDI. Cephalophus leopoldi, M". Bothschild and Neuville, C. B. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. cxliii, p. 1257, 1906 ; LydelcJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 154, 1908. Typical locality Ituri Forest. Type apparently in the collection of Baron Maurice de Piothschild. Described as near akin to nigrifrons and harvcyi, but with stouter horns : general colour recalling that of natalensis, being tawny rufous, but rather darker on the back and duller on the neck and shoulder than in that species; crest long and entirely chestnut, thereby differing from harvcyi and niyrifrons, as well as natalensis, but darker and redder than general body-colour. Muzzle and nose black, and flecks of black on forehead (in which respect this duiker comes nearer to natalensis than to the other two species) ; ears white interiorly, with black tips ; throat wdiitish ; cheeks grey fawn, like upper part of chest ; lower part of latter and under-parts generally blackish fawn, unlike harveyi and natalensis ; groin whitish; lower segments of the limbs, especially in hind- pair, blackish (in this respect resembling nigrifrons and differing from natalensis and harveyi) \ tail rufous on basal portion of upper surface, with a dark line above and long white hairs beneath. No specimen in collection. CEPHALOPHINiE 79 XIV. CEPHALOPHUS LEUCOGASTEK. Cephalophus leucogaster, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii, p. 48, 1873 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p, 420 ; Lijdehker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 201, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 154, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 153, 1895 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907. Typical locality Gabim. Size medium; height at shoulder about 16 inches. General colour dull chestnut-rufous, with a broad blackish dorsal stripe ; face rufous darkening into brown in middle line ; crest mixed rufous and black ; nape browner ; hind aspect of buttocks and under-parts whitish ; fore-legs and hind- legs posteriorly slaty grey. The dorsal stripe is mixed with rufous on withers, and becomes narrow and sharply defined near tail, which terminates in a large black tuft mingled with white. The presence of a white streak along front of the hind-shanks, described as a specific character, is not constant. The range extends from the Gabun to the Cameruns and Congo. 61. 7. 29. 20. Skin, mounted, and skull, immature. Gabun ; collected by Monsieur P. du Chaillu. Type. Purchased, 1861. 3. 2. 4. 26. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Efulen, Cameruns ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903. 3. 2. 4. 29. Skull, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 2. 4. 30. Imi*Qature skull, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 2. 4. 31. A similar specimen. Same locality and collector. Same history. 1. 5. 4. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Stanley Ealls, Congo ; collected by Capt. Weyns. Presented hy the Congo Free State Museum, 1901. 7. 7. 8. 223. Immature skull, with horns, and skin. Bambili, Welle Valley. Presented hy the Alexander -Gosling Expedition, 1907. 80 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES XV. CEPHALOPHUS DOESALIS. Cephalophus dorsalis, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, voL xviii, p. 165, 1846, List Osieol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847, Knowsleij Menagerie, p. 10, pi. vii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123, 1871, p. 597, pL xlv. Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852, Cat. Bimiinants Brit. Mils. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873 ; Temmincli, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 218, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 594, pi. xlvi ; Murie, ibid. p. 595; Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869; "jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1887, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. x, p. 20, 1888, Cat. Manim. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 162, 1892 ; Bilttikofer, Beisehilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 377, 1890; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 420 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutscli. Scliutz- gebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; LydeJcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 155, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Anteloj^es, vol. i, p. 155, pi. xix, fig. 1, 1895 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 871 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 166, 1910. Antilope (Cephalophus) dorsalis, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. V, p. 425, 1855. Cephalophus badius. Gray. Cat. Ungulata, Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 595, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1873. Cephalophus breviceps. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 202, pi. xx. Cephalops dorsalis, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Typical locality Sierra Leone. Type of Cephalops. Size medium ; height at withers probably about 16 inches. Ears very short and broad ; general colour bright chestnut- rufous, with a dark dorsal stripe, commencing at the nose as a face-blaze, and interrupted only at the crest, which may be rufous; middle line of face rufous; eyebrow-streak bright rufous ; crest black, black and rufous, or rufous ; dorsal stripe, which is black on back, sometimes ill-defined and sometimes expanding into a patch on withers, continued down shoulders towards fore -legs ; under-parts, except for a black patch on chest, and hams rufous, like body; fore-legs brown from shoulder downwards, hind-legs from above hocks ; tail black above, white below at and near tip. Skull with very short conical muzzle, deep lachrymal pits, and median palatal notch about one-fifth inch in advance of lateral pair. Length of skull 54 inches, greatest breadth 3|, length from orbit to muzzle 3 inches. CEPHALOPIIINiE 81 The species has a considerable range on the west coast. 44. 11. 8. 13. Immature skin. Menagerie specimen, Sierra Leone. Type. Purchased, 1844. 46. 11. 2. 9. Immature skin. Gambia; collected by Mr. J. AVhitfield. Presented hj the Earl of Derby, 1846. 46. 11. 20. 1. Skull, with horns; associated with the preceding specimen. Same history. 63. 11. 29. 1. Skeleton and skin. Zoological Society. Purchased, 1863. 69. 3. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Zoological Society. Type of C. hreviceps. Purchased, 1869. 92. 4. 23. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Purchased, 1892. 11. 6. 2. 13. Skin, female. Bibianaha, Gold Coast. Presented by Dr. H. G. F. Spicrrell, 1911. 11. 6. 2. 14. Skin. Same locality. Saine history. 12. 2. 19. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Obuassi, southern Ashanti ; collected by Capt. C. H. Armitage. Presented by the Zoological Society, 1912. 78. 7. 16. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Fanti. Purchased, 1888. 97. 1. 5. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Col- lection of Sir V. Brooke, Bart. Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Barf., 1897. * * * * Skull, with horns, and skin. Presented by the Zoological Society. 69. 3. 5. 11. Spirit specimen; hybrid between dorsalis and rufilatus. Zoological Society. Purchased, 1869. 62. 12. 2. 91. Skeleton. Purchased, 1862. XVI. CEPHALOPHUS CASTANEUS. Ceplialophus dorsalis castaneus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 421 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booli of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 155. 1895. Cephalophus castaneus, Thomas, Ann. Congo Mus., Zool. vol. ii, pt. 1, p. 15, 1901 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907 ; LydeJcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908. Typical locality Cameruns. Eather larger than dorsalis, with, apparently, slightly bigger ears. General colour deep chestnut, with a black ir. G 82 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES dorsal stripe, and brown shanks ; head darker and duller and chestnut eyebrow-stripe less distinct than in clorsalis. Skull with normal slender, elongate muzzle, with the interval between front border of orbit greater than zygomatic width ; thus differing from the short conical muz'zle of dorsalis. Cheek-teeth larger than in that species. Basal length of type skull 6 inches, maximum width 3|, interval between orbit and muzzle 3J inches. The range includes Southern Nigeria and French Congo. 71. 7. 8. 7. Skin, mounted, and skull. Cameruns. Type. Purchased, 1871. 5. 11. 27. 17. Skull, with horns. Benito Yalley, French Congo ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1905. 7. 7. 8. 224. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Bambili, Welle Valley. Presented hy the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907. 3. 2. 4. 33. Immature skull, with horns. Efulen, Cameruns ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903. 8. 6. 28. 2. Skin. Oban Hills, Southern Nigeria ; collected by P. A. Talbot, Esq. Purchased, 1908. 10. 6. 1. 39. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality and collector. Purchased, 1910. 10. 6. 1. 40. Skull, with horns, and imperfect skin. Inkami, north-east of Oban ; same collector. Same history. 12. 10. 28. 55. Skull, with horns, and skin. Oban; same collector. Purchased, 1912. XVII. CEPHALOPHUS LEUCOCHILUS. Cephalophus leucochilus, Jentink, Notes Ley den Mus. vol. xxiii, p. 21, 1901 ; LydeJcher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908. Typical locality Loango, Angola. Stated to be larger, heavier, and darker than dorsalis, from which it is also distinguished by the higher part of the upper lips being white, like the chin, and by the presence of a white spot above each eye, terminating in a white line directed towards upper part of nose. Very probably not more than a race of dorsalis. No example in collection. CEPIIALOPHIN.'E 83 (?) CEPHALOPHUS EMINI. Cephalophus emini, Noack, Zool. Anz. vol. xxvii, p. 405, 1905 ; LydekJicr, Game Animals of Africa, p. 166, 1908. Described on the evidence of a lieadless skin from East Central Africa, probably west of the Victoria Nyanza, said to indicate a duiker of the leucog aster-dor salis group, charac- terised by the length of the rufous brown hair of the back, and the presence of a yellow ring on each hair of the under- parts, which communicates a speckled appearance to the coat of this surface. Even supposing the generic determina- tion to be correct, the right of this form to a specific position is uncertain. XVIII. CEPHALOPHUS OGILBYI. Antilope ogilbyi, Waterliouse, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1838, p. 60, 1842, p. 129, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. ii, p. 472, 1839, vol. xii, p. 57, 1849 ; Fraser, Zool. Tijp. pi. xix, 1849. Cephalophorus ogilbyi. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. x, p. 262, 1842, List. Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843. Antilope (Tragelaphus) ogilbyi. Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 181, 1842. Antilope (Cephalophus) ogilbyi, Wagner, ScJireher's Siiugthiere, Supj^l. vol. iv, p. 466, 1844, vol. v, p. 423, 1855. Cephalophus ogilbyi. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 165, 1846, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 10, pi. viii, fig. 2, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 529, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 83, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand- List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 217, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. 7c. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 167, 1869 ; JentinJc, Notes Ley den Mus. vol. x, p. 20, 1888, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 162, 1892 ; Bilttihofer, Beisehilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 377, 1890 ; Matschie, Arch. Nat. 1891, pt. 1, p. 353, Mitth. deutscJi. Scliutz- gehiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 422 ; Lydekher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 161, 1895 {non pi. xviii, fig. 2) ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 40, 1897. Sylvicapra ogilbyi, Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1844. p. 191. Cephalophia ogilbyi, KnottnerHs- Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii. pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Typical locality Fernando Po. Type of Ceijlialoijliia. G 2 84 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Size medium ; shoulder-height about 22 inches. General colour bright orange, tending to rufous on hind-quarters ; face, except brown nose, coloured like body, but nape and sides of neck brown or blackish, with the hair very thin ; a black dorsal stripe commences indistinctly at withers, becomes narrower and more defined on flanks, and is con- tinued on to tail ; front of shanks black but limbs elsewhere dull yellowdsh down to pasterns, where they are brown or blackish, skull with strong frontal convexity, and shallow pits for face-glands ; three subequal notches on hind border of palate. Basal length of skull 7^, maximum width 3 J, interval between muzzle and orbit 4| inches. Length of ear 3, of hind-foot 9| inches. 55. 12. 24. 403. Skin. Fernando Po. Type. Presented hy G. Knarpp^ Esq., 1855. 52. 2. 22. 10. Skull, with horns. Fernando Po ; collected by L. Fraser, Esq. Figured '' Hand-List Euminants " (1873). Purchased, 1852. 4. 7. 1. 126. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bantabiri, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. E. Seimund. Presented hy Fernando Po Commission, 1904. 4. 7. 1. 127. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Sa7ne history. 3. 1. 6. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Moka, Fernando Po. Presented hy Boyd Alexander, Esq., 1903. 64. 12. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. Fernando Po. Purchased, 1864. 64. 12. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. Fernando Po. Same history. 42. 11. 4. 31. Skin. Fernando Po. Presented hy Lieut. T. Thomson, E.N., 1842. XIX. CEPHALOPHUS BEOOKEI. Cephalophus brookei, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xi, p. 290, 1893; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 157, 1908. Cephalophus ogilbyi, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, pi. xviii, fig. 2, 1895. Typical locality Fanti. The mainland representative of oyilhyi, from which it CEPHALOPHINyl^: 85 differs by the reversal of the direction of the hairs of the nape (these being directed forwards for a distance of 3 or 4 inches in the same manner as in loeynsi and johnstoni), the broader dorsal stripe, ending 3 or 4 inches short of tail- tip, the light colour of the limbs to the hoofs, and the less inflated frontal region of the skull. The tail-tuft is black and white. The range includes Fanti, the Gold Coast, the Cameruns, and Southern Mgeria. 97. 1. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Type. Formerly in collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 97. 1. 5. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same locality and collection. Same history. 97. 1. 5. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality and collection. Same history. 97. 1. 5. 122. Skin, immature. Usshur, Gold Coast. Sir Victor Brooke's collection. Same history. 3. 4. 23. 1. Skull, with horns. Cape Dikundscha, Cameruns. Presented hy Dr. Einar Lonnlerg, 1903. 3. 4. 11. 1-2. Two skins. Same locality. Same history. 8. 6. 28. 1. Skin. Oban Hills, Southern Mgeria. Presented ly P. A. Talbot, Esq., 1908. 10. 6. 1. 41. Skull, with horns, and skin. Niaji, north- east of Oban ; collected by P. A. Talbot, Esq. Purchased, 1910. 12. 10. 28. 56. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Oban district ; same collector. Purchased, 1912. XX. CEPHALOPHUS CALLIPYGUS. Cephaloplius callipygus, Peters, Monatsher. Ak. Berlin, 1876, p. 483, pis. lii and iv ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1892, p. 422 ; LydeJiJcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 157, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Anteloj^es, vol. i, p. 165, 1895. Cephalophelia caUipyga, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgescli. vol. Ixxiii, x)t. 1, p. 99, 1907. Type of Ce'phalojphelia. Typical locality Gabun. Height approximately as in dorsalis. Hairs of nape 86 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES directed forwards ; general colour yellowish brown, becoming more distinctly rufous on loins ; forehead and crest rich rufous ; chin and throat white, rest of under-parts yellowish ; a broad black dorsal stripe, commencing at withers, widening at loins, and including whole hind surface of hips and back of hind-legs to hocks, as well as tail, except under side of tip, where hairs have white points ; sides of thighs adjacent to black area rich rufous. Basal length of skull about 6J inches. The range includes the Cameruns, as well as the Gabun. 3. 2. 4. 27. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Efulen, Cameruns ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903. 3. 2. 4. 32. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. XXI. CEPHALOPHUS EUFILATUS. Antilope grimmia, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 191, 1816, Mamm. p. 464, 1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mam7n. p. 379, 1827, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tall. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King- dom, vol. iv, p. 266, vol. V, p. 347, 1827 ; /. Fischer, SynopJMamm. p. 468, 1829 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdiigthiere, Suj)^!. vol. iv, -p. 451, 1844; Scliinz, Synoj). Mamm. vol. ii, p. 418, 1815 ; Giehel, Sdiigethiere, p. 321, 1853-55 ; nee Pallas. Cephalophus grimmia, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 216, 1834. Antilope (Grimmia) grimmia, La^crillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841. Sjdvicapra grimmia, Sundcvall, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846. Cephalophus rufilatus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 166, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 56, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 10, pis. vi and ix, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123, 1871, p. 597, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 85, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 95, 1873; Turner, Proe. Zool. Soe. 1850, p. 170; Tem- minch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 221, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat, Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; JeniinJc, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1387, Cat. Mamm. Ley den Mus. (ojp. cit. vol. xi) p. 162, 1892; Matschie, Mittli. deutseh. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1892, p. 423 ; LydeJckcr, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 158, 1908; Selater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, CEPHALOPHIN^ 8^ vol. i, p. 167, pi. xix, fig. 1, 1895 ; de Winton, Proc. ZooL Soc. 1899, p. 771. . Antilope (Cephalolophus) rufilatus, Wagner, Schreher's Saugthiere, Siqypl. vol. V, p. 425, 1855. Cephalophus rufilatus cuvieri, Fitzinger, Sitzbcr. I: Ak. Wiss. ^ten, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Type of Grimmia. Typical locality Gambia. The smallest of the red duikers (agreeing approximately with the blue C. natahnsis), representing a dwarf type of the dorsalis group with the black areas replaced by grey, and the rufous, or chestnut, typically of a lighter tint than usual. Height at withers about 14 inches; horns very small; direction of hairs on nape normal. General colour bright yellowish rufous or ochery buff on sides of face, neck, shoulders, flanks, rump, and under-parts, bluish grey on middle line of nose, forehead, back of head and ears, middle line of back from withers to rump, and lower part of limbs ; crest long, blackish ; tail rufous above at base, black at tip. Skull with long and slender muzzle and deep lachrymal pits; central palatine notch about i inch in advance of lateral ones ; basal length SJ, maximum width 2|, interval from orbit to muzzle 2| inches. Length of ear 2^, of hind- foot 7 inches. The slate-coloured legs and dorsal stripe, together with the thicker horns, serve to distinguish this species from the much larger C. harveyi and C. nigrifrons. This range extends along the west coast of Africa, from Gambia to the Niger. The two local races are distinguished as follows :— a. General colour yellowish rufous or ochery buff ; nape, dorsal patch, and feet smoky grey C r. rufilatus. h. General colour burnt-sienna; nape, dorsal patch, and feet slaty grey C. r. rubidior. A.— Cephalophus rufilatus rufilatus. Typical locality Gambia. General characters those of the species. 46. 11. 2. 8. Skin. Gambia. Co-type. Presented hj the Earl of Derhj, 1846. 88 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 46. 11. 20. 2. Skull, associated with the above. Same history. 99. 6. 15. 19. Skin, mounted, and skull. Gambaga, Gold Coast. Presented ly Capt. W. Giffarcl, 1899. 8. 12. 18. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull. Senegambia, Presented hy F. R. Roherts, Esq., 1908. 5. 12. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Lagos. Presented hy W. A. Ross, Esq., 1905. 5. 12. 10. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns, female. Same locality. Scime history. 93. 3. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Gambia. Presented hy G. Carter, Esq., 1893. 99. 6. 15. 16. Skull, with horns, female. Gambaga. Presented hy Cctjpt. W. Giffard, 1899. 7. 12. 8. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Sierra Leone. Presented hy Major Pearce, 1907. 65. 4. 27. 11. Immature skull, with horns. From Dr. Baikie's collection. Presented hy Earl Russell, 1865. Q^. 5. 9. 6-7. Two skulls, with horns. Gambia (?). Collected by Mr. Dalton. Purehased, 1865. 65. 5. 9. 5. Skin and skeleton. Gambia (?) ; same collector. Same history. 8. 6. 26. 10. Skull, with horns, young. Daru, Sierra Leone. Prese7ited hy Capt. L. Murray, 1908. 54. 12. 6. 1. Skin, W. Africa. Purehased, 1854. 54. 12. 27. 1. Skull, with horns, associated with the preceding. Same history. 11. 6. 10. 104-105. Two skins. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Feniuick Oiven, Esq., 1911. 99. 8. 24. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Jebba, Nigeria. Presented hy Dr. C. Christy, 1899. 4. 1. 27. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gambia. Presented hy Sir George Barton, 1904. 5. 12. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, young. Lagos. Presented hy W. A. Ross, Esq., 1905. 10. 2. 17. 3. Skin. Gambia. Presented hy Capt. H. S. Tojrpin, 1910. CEPIIALOPHIN.-Ii; 89 B.— Cephalophus rufilatus rubidior. Ccphalophus rnfilatiis rubidior, Thomas and WrougJiton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 383, 1907 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 158, 1908. Typical locality Welle Valley, Congo State. General colour much redder than in typical race ; the rather long and harsh hair being dark reddish brown, approaching burnt-sienna, with a narrow patch on middle line of back much darker and bluish ; under-parts a paler shade of same colour. The colour-pattern is the same as in the typical race, but the dark dorsal area is somewhat less defined and the yellowish rufous or ochery buff general colour replaced by burnt-sienna, while the smoky grey of the nape, dorsal patch, and feet of the typical race is slaty grey ; in both races the chin and inner sides of thighs are white. 7. 7. 8. 221. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Angu, Welle Valley. Type. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Exioedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 220. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Molegbwe, near Banzy ville, Welle Valley. Same history. XXII. CEPHALOPHUS DOPJ^. Antilope doria, Ogilhy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p, 121 ; WaterJiouse, Cat. Mamm. Mns. Zool. Soc. p. 42, 1838; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Siqypl. vol. iv, p. 444, 1844; Fraser, Zool. Tt/j). pi. xviii, 1849. Antilope zebra. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. i, p. 27, 1838 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tahl. Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 176, 1842. Antilope zebrata, Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. Sujppl. vol. i, p. 267, 1840 (ex Eobert, 1836 ?), Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 202, 1855. Cephalophorus zebra. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843. Damalis (?) zebra. Gray, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 22, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 142, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 129, 1852, Cat. Ruminants B7'it. Mus. p. 45, 1872. Cephalophus doria, JentinTi, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. vii, p. 270, pi. ix, 1885, vol. X, p. 21, pis. ii and iii, 1888, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 164, 1892 ; Biittihofer, Reisehilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 377, pi. xxix, 1890. 90 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Cephalophus doriae, TJiomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1902, p. 424 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 77, 1892; LydeJiker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Ga7ne Animals of Africa, p. 159, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Boole of Antelojyes, vol. i, p. 171, pi. xx, 1895 ; Leighton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 1045. Cephalopliela dorise, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Type of Cephalophela. Typical locality Sierra Leone. Size small, height at shoulder about 16 inches. General colour pale rufous, marked with about a dozen broad trans- verse black bands on the back, commencing just behind the shoulder and extending to the root of the tail ; face (with the exception of the blackish nasal region), ears, neck, and shoulders rufous or chestnut ; under-parts rather paler than rufous of back ; legs rufous with broad black patches on outer side of shanks and wholly black pasterns ; large glandular tufts on hocks ; tail rufous mixed with black above, white below ; horns small, seldom exceeding two inches in length. Skull stout, with the nasal region broad, flat, and parallel-sided, shallow lachrymal depressions, and the frontal region not markedly inflated ; horn-cores directed downwards and backwards, forming grooves in the parietals ; the three notches on hind border of palate nearly equal in depth. Basal length of skull 5J inches, width 2^, length from orbit to muzzle of inches. The range extends along the interior of the west coast of Africa from Liberia to Sierra Leone. 55. 12. 24. 294. Imperfect skin. Sierra Leone. Type. From Dr. J. Gould's collection. Purchased, 1855. 87. 9. 15. 2. Skin, mounted. Du Queah Valley, Liberia ; collected by Dr. J. Biittikofer. Also skeleton. Purchased, 1887. 87. 9. 15. 3. Skin and skeleton, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 38. 4. 16. 237. Skin. Sierra Leone. Type of Antilope zehra. Purchased, 1836. CEPHALOPIIIN.K 91 XXIII. CEPHALOPHUS NIGEP. Cephalophus niger, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. i, vol. xviii, p. 165, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847, Knoiuslcy Menagerie, p. 10, pi. vii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123, 1871, p. 597, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitzinger. Sitzber. Jc. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyderi Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1887, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. x, p. 20, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leijden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 162, 1892, BiittiJiofer, Reisehild. Liberia, vol. ii, p. 376, 1890 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892. p. 425 ; Mafschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; LydeTiher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, ]i. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 160, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 175, pi. xiv, fig. 1, 1895; Pousargucs, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 41, 1897. Antilope pluto, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 214, 1853 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthicre, Suppl. vol. v, p. 422, 1855. Cephalopidiuin nigrum, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. NaturgcscJi. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Type of CejjhoJojndiu/n. Typical locality Guinea. Size medium ; shoulder-lieiglit about 18 inches. General colour uniform dark smoky brown, darkest on rump and limbs, and palest on throat and chest ; face tawny, darkening into rich rufous on crest, but centre of forehead in some instances brown, or even black ; ears black on back, rufous inside ; tail black above, with whitish terminal tuft. Horns usually from 3 to 3 J inches in length, straight, with rough bases ; small ones present in female. Skull long and narrow^ with an inflated frontal region, middle notch on hind border of palate slightly deeper than lateral ones, and lachrymal pit relatively shallow ; basal length 6f , maximum width 3f , interval between front border of orbit and muzzle 4j inches. The range extends from Liberia to the Gold Coast. 46. 2. 16. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Guinea ; collected by Leyden Museum. Type. Purchased, 184G. 92. 4. 23. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Fanti. rurcha.scd, 1892. 92 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 97. 1. 5. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 97. 1. 5. 6. Skin, female. Fanti. Same history. 7. 12. 8. 1. Skull, with horns. Freetown, Sierra Leone. Presented hy Major A. Pearce, 1907. 11. 6. 2. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bibianaha, Gold Coast. Presented hy Br. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911. 8. 6. 26. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Daru, Sierra Leone. Presented by CaiJt. B. Murray, 1908. 8. 6. 26. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 8. 6. 26. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. 8. 6. 26. 6. Imperfect skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same history. 4. 6. 2. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin. Monrovia, Liberia ; collected by Mr. Alexander Whyte. Presented hy the Biherian Bevelo'pment Co., 1904. 5. 8. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Monrovia. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1905. 82. 6. 12. 4. Young skin. Ankoba Valley, Wasa, Ashanti. Presented hy Ca'pts. Burton and Cameron, 1882. 97. 1. 5. 9. Three skulls, with horns, and skins. Gold Coast. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented hy Sir Bouglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. XXIV. CEPHALOPHUS AVALKEEL Cephalophus walkeri, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 464 ;. LydeTfher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 159, 1908. Typical locality Tuchila Valley, Nyasaland. A dark-coloured species, about equal in size to C. leucogaster (p. 79). General colour dark greyish brown, approaching sepia, the hairs, except on back, where they are nearly black, being speckled with bufhsh; on under- parts and inner sides of limbs the colour lightens to hair- brown ; crest and front of face from muzzle to between horns black ; chin and cheeks pale fawn, with a line of more distinct buff near the black above eyes ; backs of ears grizzled brown CEPHALOPHIN^ 93 or blackish ; a black Hue along nape and Ijack connects dark area on face with that of loins ; limbs dark, nearly 1)lack inferiorly ; tail apparently witli same white. The species may be allied to niger, but its true affinities cannot be determined till the male is known. 6. 4. 21. 1. Skin, female. Tuchila Valley, near Blantyre, I^yasaland. Type. 2. Subgenus Guevei. Gucvei, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Miis. p. 86, 1852 ; PococA-, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, pp. 867 and 876. Inguinal glands wanting ; horns and ears of the same general type as those of Ceplialopluts, the former general present in females as well as in males. XXV. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MAXWELL!. Antilope (Cephalophiis) maxwelli, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King- dom, vol. iv, p. 267, vol. V, p. 347, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tahl. Begn. Auim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842 ; Giehel, Zeitschr. ges. Nat. vol. xxxv, p. 43, 1870. Antilope (Cephalophus) philantomba, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 349, 1827 ; Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 121 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 295, 1836, Nouv. Tahl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Schinz. Synoi). Mamm. vol. ii, p. 422, 1845. Ceplialophus maxwelli, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 216, 1834 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 166, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mies. p. 146, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie. p. 11, pi. xi, a, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 124, 1871, p. 600, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mils. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873 ; Temminc'k, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 223, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625 ; Murie, ibid. p. 595 ; Garrod, ibid. 1877, p. 4; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 269, 1884 ; Jentinh, Notes Leyderi Mus. vol. X, p. 21, 1887, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (oj). cit. vol. xi) p. 163, 1892 ; Bilttikofer, Beisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 379, 1890 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 425 ; LydeU-er, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 160, 1908 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1893, p. 256; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 179, pi. xxi, fig. 2, 1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 42, 1897. Ceplialophus philantomba, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ vol. ii, p. 317, 1834. 94 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Antilope maxwellii, Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868. Antilope frederici, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841; Lesson, Nouv. Tahl. Regn. Anim., Maimn. p. 178, 1842; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suj>pl. vol. iv, p. 454, 1844; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 321, 1855. Cephalophus punctulatus. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 167, 1846, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 11 (non. pi. viii, fig. 1 = C. sylvicultrix), 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871, p. 600, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1972, Hand-List Rwninants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873 ; Temmincl-, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 236, 1853 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. l\ Al\ Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Sylvicapra pliilantomba and S. frederici, Sundevall, K. SvensTia Vet.- Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846. Cephalophus whitfieldi. Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11, pi. xi, fig. 2, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871, p. 599, Cat. XJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. Ti. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Cephalophus [Guevei] maxwelli. Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 86, 1852. Antilope (Cephalolophus) maxwelli, punctulatus, and whitfieldi, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, pp. 427-429, 1855. Cephalophus frederici, Fitzinger, Sitzber. 7c. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Guevei maxwelli, Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 867. Type of Guevei. Typical locality Sierra Leone. Size considerably less than in nirjer, the shoulder-height being only about 14 inches; length of ear 2, of hind-foot 6j inches. General colour uniform slaty brown, paler on under-parts and inner sides of limbs; eyebrow-streaks whitish ; ears, which are small and rounded, dark brown on backs; rump and base of tail coloured like body, except that the upper side of the root of the tail and immediately adjacent area is rather darker; remainder of tail brown above, whitish beneath ; outer sides of legs coloured like body ; horns directed at a slight angle to plane of face, short, usually about 2 inches in length ; skull broad and stout, with relatively narrow muzzle and rather shallow lachrymal depressions ; middle notch of hind border of palate about 1 of an inch in advance of lateral pair. Basal length of skull 4f , maximum width 2J, length from muzzle to orbit 2 J inches. CEPIIALOPHIN.E 95 The range extends through the forest-region of the west side of Africa from Gambia to the Gold Coast. 46. 11. 2. 6. Immature skin and associated skull and horns (46. 11. 20. 3). Gambia ; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Type of C. wUtfieldi. Presented hy the Earl of Derhj, 1846. 987, i. Skull, with horns, immature. Sierra Leone. Type of G. pundulatus. Presented by Col. Saline, about 1846. 48. 10. 11. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. West Africa. Presented by the Earl of Derby, 1848. 78. 7. 16. 5. Skull and skin, female. Fanti. PitrcJiased, 1878. 69. 3. 5. 11. Immature skull and skin. Bred in Zoo- logical Society's Menagerie. Presented by the Zoological Society, 1869. 97. 1. 5. 10. Two skins. Fanti. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart. Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 4. 6. 2. 12. Skull and skin, female. Liberia. Presented by the Liberian Development Co., 1904. 8. 6. 26. 7. Skull and skin, female. Daru, Sierra Leone. Presented by Capt. L. Murray, 1908. 10. 4. 9. 29. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gunnal, Portuguese Guinea. Presented by Dr. W. J. Ansorge, 1910. lo". 4. 9. 30. Young skull. Same locality. Same history. 11. 6. 2. 15. Skin. Bibianaha, Gold Coast. J 'resented by Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911. 11. 6. 2. 16. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 12. 5. 9. 11. Skin. Mount Barclay, Liberia. Presented by B. H. Bunting, Esq., 1912. 94. 7. 25. 4. Skull, female. Benin. Presented by A. Millson, Esq., 1894. 7. 11. 19. 3. Young skull. Oban, Nigeria. Presented by Mrs. P. A. Talbot, 1907. 7. 12. 8. 4. Young skull, female. Sierra Leone. Presented by Major A. Pearce, 1907. 62. 12. 29. 7. Foetal skeleton. Zoological Society. Purchased, 1862. 46. 2. 16. 3. Skull, with liorns, and skin. Guinea ; collected by Leyden Museum. Purchased, 1846. 96 CATALOC;UE OF UNGULATES XXVI. OEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MELANOEHEUS. Cephalophus melanorheus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 167, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11, pi. x, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871, p. 600, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mils. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand- List Rumina7its Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873; Temniinck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 236, 1853 ; Fit^inger, Sitzher. 7c. AJc. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Peters, Mo7iatsber. Ah. Berlin, 1876, p. 482; Matschie, Arch. Nat. 1891, pt. 1, pp. 353 and 354 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 426 ; Lydehker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 161, 1908 ; Sclatcr and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 185, 1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 43, 1897. Antilope (Cephalophus) melanorheus, Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Siippl. vol. v, p. 428, 1855. Cephalophus melanorheneus, Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907. Guevei melanorheus, Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912. Typical locality Fernando Po. Differs from maxwelli by its inferior size (shonlder-lieight about 13 inches), and by the brown of the back shading into black on and at each side of the base of the tail, below which there is a sudden change to white on the hips. Foot-glands consisting of a simple tube, not extending so far as the lateral hoofs, and not expanded into a dilatation between the bones in the manner of maxivelli. Horns of males but little larger than those of females. The range includes the country south and east of the Niger, extending on the west coast from the Cameruns to Angola, and eastwards to the coast, opposite Zanzibar, Uganda, and B. E. Africa. The following features serve to distinguish four of the local races of the species : — A. Black of back extending on to croup. a. Under-parts pale slaty brown C. m . melanorheus. h. Under-parts darker (dark isabella-brown) C. m. cequatoi'ialis. c. Under-parts drab C. m. musculoides. B. Black of dorsal area restricted to region imme- diately round root of tail Cm. anchietce. The fifth race is too imperfectly known to be included in this key. CEPHALOPIIINyE 97 A.— Cephalophus melanorheus melanorheus. Cephalophus melanorheus typicus, Sclater and Thomas, Bool- of Anteloi^es, vol. i. p. 185, 1895. Typical locality Fernando Po. General characters those given above. 42. 11. 4. 29. Skin, female. Fernando Po. Type. Presented ly Mrs. Thomson, 1842. 42. 11. 4. 30. Skull, with horns, and skin, young. Fer- nando Po. Same history. 3. 1. 6. 5. Skin. Fernando Po. Presented hy Boyd Alexander, Esq., 1903. 4. 7. 1. 128. Skull and skin, female. Bilelipi, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. E. Seimund. Presented ly the Fernando Po Commission, 1904. 4. 7. 1. 129-136. Skins and skulls of two adult males, three adult females, one young male, and two young females. Bantabiri, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. Seimund. Same history. 51. 11. 14. 31. Skull, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. L. Fraser. Purchased, 1851. 51. 11. 14. 34. Skeleton. Same locality and collector. Same history. 90. 5. 30. 1. Young, in spirit. Fernando Po. Presented hy J. G. Thrupit, Esq., 1890. B.— Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli. Cephalophus pygmaeus sundevalli, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antetopes, vol. i, p. 185, 1895. Typical locality Eastern Africa. Characters imperfectly known. 74. 4. 20. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zanzibar. Presented hy Sir John Kirh, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1874. 68. 9. 9. 1. Skull and skin, female. Zanzibar. Same donor, 1868. II. H 98 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES C— Cephalophus melanorheus anchietae. Cephalophus anchietse, Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 743. Typical locality Angola. Provisionally admitted as a race. Said to differ from typical melanorheus by the smaller extent of the black, which is restricted to the region round the tail, instead of extending on to the croup. 10.7.20.1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Cubal Valley, 100 miles inland from Benguela, Angola. Presented by H. F. V avian, Esq., 1910. 10. 4. 8. 31. Skull, with horns, and skin. N'dalla Tando, Angola; collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge. Purchased, 1910. D.— Cephalophus melanorheus aequatorialis. Cephalophus aequatoriahs, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 112, Sdugetliiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 115, 1895; Scott- Elliott, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 341 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 189, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 161, 1908. Cephalophus gequinoctialis, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893. (?) Cephalophus sequatorialis bakeri, M. BothschUd and Neuville, C. B. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. cxliv, p. 219, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 162, 1908. Guevei sequatorialis, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870. Typical locality Chagwi, Uganda. Differs from typical race by the darker under-parts, which are described as dark isabella-brown. Pocock (who suggested that this duiker may be merely a race of melano- rheus, from which it was considered inseparable by Pousargues) states that the foot differs from that of maxicelH by the absence of white spots on the back of the pastern and on front above main interdigital cleft. The so-called C. a:, hakeri does not appear to present charactei'S of racial value. 99. 6. 10. 1. Skin, mounted. Uganda. Presented by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1899. 93. 10. 18. 2. Skull and skin, female. Somerset Hill, Uganda. Presented by Capf. W. H. Williams, 1893. CEPHALOPHINiE 99 93. 10. 18. 3. Skin, immature. Same locality. Same history. 1. 8. 9. 67. Skull, witli horns, and skin. Entebbe, Uganda. Presented hy Sir If. If. Johnston, K.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 85. Skeleton, female. Kampala, Uganda. Same history. 1. 8. 9. 132. Skeleton. Kampala. Same history. 3. 7. 5. 1-2. Two skins. Elgeyu Escarpment, B. E. Africa. Preseiited hy F. W. Isaac, Esq., 1903. 98. 10. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Uganda. Presented hy Capt. H. J. Madocks, 1898. 95. 3. 5. 5. Skull and skin, female. Presented hj G. F. Scott-Elliott, Esq., 1895. 7. 10. 1. 12. Skull, female. Budongo Forest, Uganda. Presented hy L. M. Seth- Smith, Esq., 1907. E.— Cephalophus melanorheus musculoides. Cephalophus monticola musculoides, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 8, 1913. Typical locality Kagumeja Forest, B. E. Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. Distinguished from cequatorialis by larger size and light under-parts, which contrast markedly with flanks. Heller classes both this form and mquatorialis (which was described by Sclater and Thomas as very close to melanorheus) as races of monticola, in which he may perhaps intend to include melanorheus. The following specimen is ]_)rovisionally referred to this race : — 10. 10. 14. 7. Skull and skin, female. Kwali Forest, Shimba Hills, British East Africa ; collected by ^Ir. E. Kemp. Presented hy C. D. Eudd, Esq., 1910. Specifically Undetermined Specimens. 3. 2. 4. 28. Skull, with horns, and skin. Batianga, Cameruns ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903. 62. 6. 28. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Cameruns ; collected by Mrs. Burton. Purchased, 1862. H 2 100 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 71. 7. 8. 6. Skin, female. Cameruns. Purchased, 1871. 71. 7. 8. 7. Skull and skin, female. Cameruns. Purcliased, 1871. 71. 5. 27. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gabun. Presented hy Monsieur P. du Chaillu, 1871. 7. 7. 8. 225. Skull, with horns, and skin. Molegbwe, near Banzyville, Welle Valley. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 226. Skull, with horns, and skin. Guraba Valley, Northern Nigeria. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 227. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kemmo, Northern Nigeria. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 228. Skull and skin, female. Kemmo. Same hidory. 10. 6. 1. 42. Skin. Nkami, north-east of Oban, Southern Nigeria. Presented hy P. A. Talhot, Esq., 1910. 10. 6. 1. 43. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 10. 6. 1. 44. Skin. Ndebbyi, Oban. Same history. 7. 1. 2. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Avakubi, Eastern Congo Forest. Presented hy B. B. Woosnam, Esq., 1907. 62.6.21.5. Skeleton. West Africa ; Zoological Society. Purchased, 1862. XXVII. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MONTICOLA. Capra monticola, Thunherg, Beise, vol. ii, p. 66, 1789. Antilope monticola, Thunherg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersh. vol. iii, p. 314, 1811 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815. Antilope pygmaea, ScJiinz, Cuvier's Thierrcich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821, Synop. MatnTn. vol. ii, p. 417, 1845 ; BurcheU, List Quaclr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; Liclitenstein, Darstellung . Sdugethiere, pi. xvi, fig. 1, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synoj). Mamm. p. 462, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 86, 1832 ; Oiven, Broc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, p. 633, 1868; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838 ; LauriUard , Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. iv, p. 452, 1844, vol. v, p. 429, 1855 ; Peters, Beise nach Mozambique, Sdugeth. p. 184, 1854 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 322, 1855. Antilope (Cephalophus) caerulea, H. Smith, GriffitK s Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 268, vol. V, p. 348, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. X, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 422, 1845. CEPHALOPHIN^^: 101 Antilope (Cephalophus) perpusilla, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 269, vol. v, p. 348, 1827; A. Sinith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 217, 1834; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tdbl. Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842. Cephalophus cteruleiis, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 216, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxvi, fig. 2, 1840 ; Graij, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteal. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 163, 1892. Antilope perspisilla, Oiven, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 7, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868. (?) Tragulus pvgmieus, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 138, teste Pocock, 1910. Tragelaphus pygmaeus, jR//_2rp<'ZZ, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenherg, pt. 1, p. 37, 1842. Antilope minuta, Forster, Dcscrip. Anim. p. 383, 1844. Svlvicapra pygmoea, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846. Cephalophus inonticola. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 167, 1847, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 11, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 124 ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; Blyth, Cat. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 168, 1863; Socage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 743 ; Thomas, ibid. 1892, p. 477 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sjjortsman in S. Africa, p. 29, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 207, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Gajne Animals of Africa, p. 162, 1908 ; Rendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 191, pi. xxi, fig. 1, 1895; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 45, 1897 ; Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch- Ostafrika, p. 115, 1895; Kirby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 830 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 163, 1900. Cephalophus pvgmaeus. Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1852 (Guevei), Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 599, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 209; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869; Garrod, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 4; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays- Bas, vol. ix) p. 153, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 164, 1892; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 301, 1889. Cephalophus bicolor. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862, p. 263, pi. xxiv, 1871, p. 600, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873. Cephalophus pygmaeus caffer, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869; Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Frcundc, 1897, p. 158. Guevei monticola, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size and horns approximately the same as in melanorhcas 102 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES (shoulder-height about 13 inches), colour as in maxvjelli, except that the legs are bright rufous from the knees and hocks to the hoofs. The range extends through the wooded districts of South Africa from Cape Colony to Angola on the west and Natal, Zululand, B. E. Africa and Ehodesia on the east. The Zulu form described as C. injgmces caffer is stated to be of a duller fulvescent colour than the typical Cape animal. 48. a. Skull, with horns, and skin. Galgeboscb, Uitenhage, Cape Colony. Type of Antilope ccerulea. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817. 42. 4. 10. 8. Skull and skin, female. South Africa ; collected by Dr. Krauss. Purchased, 1842. 62. 10. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Umgozi Forest, Zululand. Type of C. hicolor. Presented hy W. Fosbrooke, Esq., 1862. 62. 10. 21. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality. Same history. 51. 5. 5. 14-16. Three skulls, with horns. South Africa. Purchased, 1851. 4. 5. 1. 80-82. Three skulls and skins, female. Sibudeui, Zululand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy C. D. Budd, Esq., 1904. 4. 5. 1. 83, 84. Two immature skulls and skins, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 4. 8. 31. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 1. 1. 123, 124. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, one immature. Tambarara, Portuguese East Africa ; same col- lector. Same donor, 1908. 8. 1. 1. 124. Skull and skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. 72. 10. 21. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Eland's Port, South-east Africa ; collected by E. C. Atmore, Esq. Purchased, 1872. 8. 7. 19. 36. Skin. Chirinda Forest, Melsetter, Ehodesia. Presented hy G. F. M. Swynnerton, Esq., 1908. 99. 6. 17. 1. Skull and skin, female. Gorongoza Hills, South-east Africa. Presented hy F. Barnehy, Esq., 1899. 5. 5. 7. 110. Two skulls, with horns, and skins — one CEPIIALOrillN.E 103 male and one female. Knysna, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy 0. D. Ilv.dd, Esq., 1905. 7. 6. 2. 106. Skull, with horns, and skin. Beira, Portuguese East Africa ; same collector. Same donor, 1907. XXVIir. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) NYAS^. Cephalophus nyasce, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. ix, p. 58, 1902; Wroughton, Mem. Manchester Mus. vol. li, no. 5, p. 24, 1907 ; Lyclehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 164, 1908. Typical locality Mlanje, Nyasaland. Distinguished from C. monticola by the larger amount of rufous on the limbs and body, the much longer and narrower skull, and the elongated hoofs. Typically the back a darker brown than in monticola, with a stronger tinge of rufous ; shoulders, flanks, and thighs dull deep rufous ; under-parts greyish rufous ; limbs, except between inner and lateral hoofs, where they are brown, bright rich rufous; rump dark chocolate-brown ; under side of tail still darker blackish brown ; forehead (as usual in the group) dark with rufous eyebrow-streaks ; backs of ears brown, with a small rufous patch near front of base ; a few white patches on under side of body between the fore and the hind legs. Basal length of skull 4-5-^g inches (115 mm.), maximum width 2\ inches (56 mm.), length from orbit to muzzle 2f inches (67 mm.). The two races are distinguished as follows : — A. A considerable red area on flanks and thighs, and legs strongly rufous C. n. nyasce. B. Red area on body larger and legs more strongly rufous C. n. defriesi. A. — Cephalophus nyasae nyasse. Typical locality Mlanje. General characters those given above. 1. 11. 11. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Mlanje, Nyasa- land; collected by Mr. H. Brown. Type. Purchased, 1901. 1. 11. 11. 3. Skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 10. 22. 2. Skin, mounted. Kalungwisi, Lake Mweru. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1908. 104 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 7. 1. 11. 81. Skull, with horns, and skin. Petauki, Ehodesia ; collected by S. A. Xeave, Esq. Purchased, 1907. 99. 6. 28. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tanganyika Plateau. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. Manning, 1899. 9. 11. 25. 1. Skin. Zomba, Nyasaland. Presented hy Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1909. 12. 6. 26. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Blantyre, Nyasaland. Presented hy D. D. Lyell, Esq., 1912. B.— Cephalophus nyasae defriesi. Cephaloplius nyasee defriesi, Bothschilcl, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 229. Typical locality Itambe, between Lakes Mweru and Tanganyika, northern Ehodesia. Type in Tring Museum. Differs from typical race by larger extent of red on flanks and thighs and more strongly rufous legs ; the greater amount of white on under-parts, the paler greyish brown of upper surface, and the broader and more rufous brow-streak. The type is very similar to the Mlanje specimen of nyasce nyasm. No specimen in collection. C— Cephalophus nyasse eong-icus. Cephalophus nyasee congicus, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 16, p. 12, ]908; Lydeliker, Game Animals of Africa, Supi)l. p. 8, 1911. Typical locality Congo. Type in Stockholm Museum. Distinguished from typical race by the back being warm sepia, of nearly the same tint from nape to rump. Towards the flanks this shades off into light smoky grey, with a slight huffy tinge, due to the tips of the hairs being of that colour, while the under surface is white. On the hams the hairs are sufficiently rufous at the tips to communicate a tinge of this colour, although the rest of the hairs are of the same grey as the flanks. The rufous tinge of the hams is sharply defined from the dark sepia-brown of the rump, but CEniALOPiiiNy?': 105 shades into that of the back. The legs are rufous, with a smoky brown mark above the sides of hoofs ; face nearly black, with a dull rufous brown stripe ; tail black above and white beneath. Xo specimen in collection. XXIX. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) HECKI. Cephalophus hecki, Matscliie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1897, p. 158 ; Lydehker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 165, 1908. Typical locality Mozambique. Type apparently in Berlin. Said to be distinguished from C. nyascc l)y having more, instead of less, white on under-parts, as compared with moiiticola, by being apparently less rufous on body, and by lacking the usual dark markings on back of pasterns '; legs rufous, as in monticola ; hoofs smaller than in either that species or nyasce. 7. 6. 2. 106. Skin. Beira, Portuguese East Africa ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented by C. D. Iludcl, Esq., 1907. XXX. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) SIMPSOXI. Cephalophus simpsoni, TJiomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 92, 1910. Typical locality Lukenye Valley, South Central Congo. Smaller than nyasce, with a relatively short skull ; median dorsal area dark vandyke-brown for a breadth of about three inches, passing through burnt-umber into deep rufous on flanks and limbs ; under-parts paler rufous, with the median region whitish, and the bases of the hairs everywhere grey ; under side of lower jaw whitish ; throat dull russet ; crown and top of muzzle dark brown ; eyebrow-streak and cheeks reddish; a line on inner side of fore-legs and thighs white, limbs otherwise rufous. Basal length of skull oyf inches (99-5 mm.), maximum width 2-Jg inches (51-5 mm.), length of upper series of cheek-teeth 1-fg inches (32-5 mm.). Its general reddish colour distiuguishes this duiker from C. 106 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES melcmorheus cequatorialis ; wliile the shortness of the skull serves to differentiate it from C. nyasce, which it closely resembles in external characters. 9. 12. 12. 13. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Koli, Lukenye Valley, South Central Congo. Type. Presented hy E. Tor clay, Esq., 1909. 9.12.12.14. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. XXXI. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) LUGENS. Cephalophus lugens, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1898, p. 393, Thomas and Sclater, Book of Antelojjes, vol. iv, p. 224, 1900 ; LydeM-er, Game Animals of Africa, p. 165, 1908. Typical locality Urori, German East Africa. A member of the monticola-mclanorheus group distin- guished by its large size and dark colour, as well as by the brown legs, which therefore differ from the red ones of monticola and hecki. General colour dark umber-brown, with forehead and top of muzzle nearly black ; crest, wdiich is unusually long, black ; sides of face brown, with a whitish line above eye ; backs of ears black on the front half ; neck brown, like back, with hair of nape directed forwards ; back darkening almost to black on loins, but no lighter patch on outer side of hips adjacent to this dark area, as in melanorheus, and the hips themselves uniformly brown, as in monticola ; under-parts and inner sides of fore-legs pale mouse-colour ; chin, under surface of jaw, and groin whitish ; limbs dark brown, like back. Basal length of skull of immature female 4J inches (114 mm.), maximum width 2J inches (62*5 mm.). 98. 5. 25. 21. Skull and skin, female. Urori, Usangu, German East Africa. Type. Presented hj Sir Alfred Shcirpe, K.CJIG., C.B., 1898. 98. 5. 25. 22. Female foetus associated with the preceding. Same history. 99. 6. 29. 8. Imperfect skin. Same locality. Same donor, 1899. rEI'HALOPHlN.K 107 3. SuBOKNus SYLVICAPRA. Sj'lvicapra, Oqilhy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1886, p. 138; Pocock, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873. Inguinal glands present ; liorns, which are usually wanting in female, directed upwards and backwards, so as to form an obtuse angle with the plane of the face ; ears relatively long and pointed. XXXII. CEPHALOrHUS (SYLYICAriiA) GlilMMI. Capra grimmia, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, vol. i, p. 70, 1758. Moschiis grimmia, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. i, p. 92, 1766. Antilope nictitans, Thunherg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. 1811, p. 312. Cemas cana, Ohen. Lelirhuch Natugescli. vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 743, 1816. Antilope mergens, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 193, 1816, Mamm. vol. ii, p. 463, 1822; Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822 ; Biirehell, Travels S. Africa, vol. i, p. 187, 1822, List Quadr. jpresented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 264, vol. V, p. 346, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 878, 1827, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung Sdugethiere, pi. xi, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synoj). Mamm. p. 467, 1829 ; Smuts, Enujn. Mamm. Cap. p. 84, 1832 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 31,Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Snppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Wagner's, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Swppl. vol. iv, p. 447, 1844, vol. v, p. 418, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 446, 1845 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 320, 1855. Antilope (Ceplialophus) platous, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 260, vol. V, p. 344, 1827. Antilope (Cephalophus) burchelli and ptoox, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, pp. 262 and 265, vol. v, pp. 345 and 347, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, pp. 293 and 294, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842. Cephalophus platous and ptoox, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, pp. 214 and 215, 1834. Cephalophus burchelli, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 215, 1834; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mils. p. 81, 1852; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625. Cephalophus mergens, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii p. 215, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xv, fig. 2, 1840 Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843, Aiin. Mag. Nat. Hist ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 163, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847 Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool Guine, p. 194, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625 Schmidt, ibid. 1880, p. 307 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 253, 1880; Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 763, A 108 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Hunter' a Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 223, 1881 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. E. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 270, 1884 ; Mairet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, voL iv, p. 238, 1887 ; Noaclc, Zool. Jahrh., Syst. vol. iv, p. 114, 1889 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamvi. hid. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891. Antilope (Cephalophus) platyotus, Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. voL x, p. 293, 1836. Antilope burchelli, Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868. Antilope (Grimmia) mergens, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 624, 1841. Tragelaphus mergens, Rilp])ell, Verzeichniss Mies. SencTcenberg, pt. 1 , p. 37, 1842. Antilope ptox and burchelli, Schinz, Synoj). Mamm. vol. ii. pp. 417 and 420, 1845. Sylvicapra mergens, SundevaU, K. Svensl-a Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. Tx.ATi. Wiss. Wien,\o\. lix, pt. i, p. 167, 1869. Cephalophus grimmia. Gray, Knotvsley Menagerie, p. 8, pis. i and ii, 1856, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 78, 1852 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Miis. p. 237, 1862 ; BlytU, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 167, 1863 ; Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 283, 1877, p. 453 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60, 1894 ; 0. Neiimann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1899, p. 18. Sylvicapra mergens and caffra, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 167, 1869. Grimmia nictitans, irrorata, and burchelli, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, pp. 589-592, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. pp. 22-24, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. pp. 92 and 93, 1873. Cephalophus grimmius, Socage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 743. Grimmia mergens, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix), p. 132, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mils. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 161. 1892, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xv, p. 265, 1893. Cephalophus grimmi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 428, 1893, p. 504 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 76, 1892, ed. 6, p. 160, 1910 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sjjortsman in S. Africa, p. 27, 1892 ; LydeMer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 207, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 141, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 203, pi. xxiii, 1895; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 157, 1900 ; Warren, Ann. Natal Mus. vol. ii, p. 235, 1910. Sylvicapra grimixiia, Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 117, 1895 ; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. v, no. 10, p. 2, 1909. Sylvicapra grimmi, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 874 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 9, 1912 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912. DUIKER-BOK. Type of Sylvicapra. Typical locality Cape Colony. Distinguished from all other members of the group except CEPHALOPIIIN/E 109 the next by the markedly obtuse angle formed by the relatively long and slender horns with the plane of the face, the longer and pointed ears, and the lighter and more slender build. Size medium to small, the shoulder-height ranging from 23 to 25 inches. Cieneral colour varying from pale greyish brown with a distinct blackish grizzle, owing to dark and light annulations on the hairs, through a yellowish phase, to uniformly bright ochery yellow. Horns generally absent in female. Inguinal glands present. The species is taken to include all but one of the duikers in which the horns form a marked angle with the plane of the face, l^ocock,* while remarking that ahyssinicus is very closely allied to the typical r/rimmi, considers that it is probably only a subspecies of coronahts, to which he refers ca7n2:)hellice as a second subspecies : f if these views be correct, there can be little hesitation in regarding all the local forms of these obliquely liorned duikers as referable to a single species. In this extended sense the range of the species will include the greater part of the more open parts of Africa south of the northern tropic, these duikers being less addicted to thick covert than are the members of the other two suIj- genera. The following is a provisional attempt to form a "key" to the local races of the species ; — a matter of great difficulty, owing to the slight differences on which many of them have been founded : — A. Ears long, as much as 4^ inches ; size large ; shoulder height 23 to 25 inches. a. Forehead rufous. a'. General colour grey fawn above and below C. g. grimmi. h'. General colour yellower (yellowish brown). a". Short black tips to hairs; under-parts dark C- 9- flavescens. b". Black tips larger; under-parts white ... C. g. altifrons. h. Forehead with dark blaze, forming upward extension of nose-stripe C. g. splendidiilus. B. Ears shorter, 3^ inches or less in length. a. Pasterns yellow at sides ; size small, 17 or 18 inches at shoulder. a' . Coat nearly uniform yellow C- 9- coronatus. b'. Coat heavily speckled with black C. g. cam]}bellicv. * Op. cit. p. 876. t Il^icl. p. 873. 110 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES h. Pasterns wholly brown. a' . Forehead rufous. a" . Size small, 18 inches at shoulder ; general colour yellowish grey C- 9' abyssinicus. h" . Size larger. a^. Colour darker than in last ; no yellow on rump C. g. nyansct. h^. Colour yellower and more ochery, even on rump. a*. Back yellow C. g. liindei. h*. Back broccoli-brown C. g, altivallis. h' . Forehead with a dark blaze, owing to extension of nose-mark upwards to horns. a". Size larger; colour yellowish C. g. shirensis. h". Size smaller ; colour greyer C. g. roosevelti. A. — Cephalophus g-rimmi grrimmi. Typical locality South Africa. Size large, shoulder-height from 23 to 25 inches ; length of ear 4J, of hind-foot 10^ inches. Ears longer than interval between inner canthus of eye and extremity of nose, with narrow, pointed tips ; general colour pale greyish brown (grey fawn), grizzled with black, owing to the yellowish and blackish brown annulation of the hairs ; face rufous, with a deep brown longitudinal patch on nose ; under-parts like back ; chin, inner sides of upper portion of limbs, and lower surface of tail white or whitish ; an indistinct brownish line down part of fore-legs near knees ; pasterns wholly brown ; more or less of upper side of tail black. Horns may attain a length of over 6 inches. Skull long and narrow, with the lachrymal depression of median length, and its superior border generally rounded ; muzzle long ; median palatine notch penetrating deeper than lateral ones. Basal length of skull 7^, maximum width 3|, length from orbit to muzzle 4g inches. The range probably extends about to the Zambesi. 626, h. Skull, with horns. Zululand. Type of C. hur- chelli. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817. 46. 6. 1. 9. Skin, female. South Africa. Purchased {Stevens), 1846. 46. 11. 18. 29. Skull, associated with the preceding. Same history. CEPHALOriIlN\K 111 46. G. 1. 8. Ininiatiirc skill. South xVtiicii. Samchidorij. 45. 11. 8. 6. Skull, with horus. South Africa. Purchased, 1845. 13, a (626, 7^). Skull, with horus, aud skin. South Africa. No liistory. 626, q. Skeleton. Zoological Society. Purchased. 46. 6. 2. 81. Skull, female. Cape of Good Hope. From Stockholm Museum. Purchctsed, 1846. 46. 10. 26. 14. Skin, associated with the preceding. Same histor/j. 46. 6. 2. 98. Skull, young female. Natal ; collected by Herr J. Wahlberg. From Stockholm Museum. Purchased, 1846. So. 6. 29. 3. Skull and skin, female. Tati Valley, Matabililand. Presented by F. C. Selous, Esq., 1885. 85. 6. 29. 4. Skull and skin, immature female. Same locality. Same history. 94. 4. 3. 3. Skull and skin, female. Lower Umvolosi Valley, Zululand. Presented hy the Christiania Museum, 1894. 94. 11. 4. 3. Skull, female. Fever Creek, De Kaap, Transvaal. Presented hy Dr. P. PicndaU, 1894. 49. 1. 30. 29. Skull, female. Cape of Good Hope. Purchased, 1849. 82. 5. 25. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Tort Elizabeth, Natal ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1882. 6. 12. 12. 5. Skin, mounted. Zululand. Presented hy Allan Cameron, Esq., 1906. 9. 3. 2. 21. Skull and skin, female. Zoutpansberg, Transvaal. Presented hy Dr. J. Jameson, 1909. 4. 5. 1. 85. Skull, with horns, and skin. Injusu, Zulu- land ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. (xrant. Presented hy C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904. 4. 9. 1. 109. Skull and skin, female. Zuurbron, Transvaal ; same collector. Same history. 6. 4. 3. 105-109. Five skulls and skins, four female. Woodbush, Transvaal ; same collector. Same donor, 1906. 5. 12. 9. 2-3. One skull and skins, female. Klein Letaba, N. E. Transvaal; same collector. Sainc donor, 1905. 112 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4. 12. 3. 94-98. Two male (fig. 11) and three female skiiUs and skins. Umvolosi, Zulnland ; same collector. Same donor, 1904. Fig. 11. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of DuiKERBOK {Cephaloplitis grimmi). 6. 11. 8. 13G-138. Three female skulls and skins, two immature. Coguno, Inhainbane ; same collector. Same donor, 1906. B.— Cephalophus grimmi flavescens. Cephalophus grimmia flavescens, Lorenz, Ann. Hofnuis. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60, 1894. Cephalophus grimmi flavescens, LydeMer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 143, 1908; Wrongliton, Aiin. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910. Typical locality Matabililand, near the Victoria Falls of the Zambesi. Type in Vienna Museum. Differs from typical race by the more brownish yellow f^eneral colour ; the individual hairs of the back being but CEPHALOPHINiE 113 slightly black at the tip, below which is a broad light ring. No specimen in the collection can be definitely referred to this race. C. — Cephalophus grpimmi altifrons. Antilope altifrons, Peters, Reise nach Mozambique, Sdugetli. p. 184, pi. xxxvii, 1852 ; Wagner, Schreher's SdugtJiiere, Supp^, vol. v, p. 418, 1855. Antilope ocularis, Peters, op, cit. p. 186, 1852 ; Wagner, op. cit. p. 420, 1855. Cephalophus altifrons, TemmincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 194. 1853; F'itzinger, Sitzher. 7c. Ak. Wiss. ,Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869. Cephalophus ocularis, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 194, 1853 ; Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 656 ; Craivsliay, ibid. 1890, p. 661 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 208, 1893. Sylvicapra ocularis, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869. Grimmia ocularis, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {op. cit. vol. xi) p. 161, 1892. Cephalophus grimmi altifrons, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Siippl. p. 7, 1911. Typical locality southern Mozambique. Closely allied to typical race, but the coat yellowish with distinct black tips to the hairs, and the under-parts apparently white. 8. 2. 14. 16. Skin, young. Southern Eukuru, below Lake Nderendere, southern Angoniland. Presented hy C. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908. 8. 2. 14. 15. Skin. Mpelele, near Ngara, south Angoni- land. Same history. 8. 2. 14. 14. Skin. Eua Valley, below junction with Eusa Valley, south Angoniland. Same history. 7. 2. 4. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyika Plateau, Northern Angoniland. Same donor, 1907. 7. 6. 2. 107-8. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, immature. Beira, Portuguese E. Africa ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1907. 8. 4. 3. 90. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tette, Zambesia ; same collector. Same history. II. I 114 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES D.— Cephalophus grrimmi splendidulus. Grimmia splendidula, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 590, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 22, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Bnt. Mus. -p. 92, 1813. Cephalophus gnmmi splendidulus, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Supyl. p. 7, 1911. Typical locality Angola. General colour bright reddish grey, dark streak on nose extending upwards to base of horns ; under-parts white. 50. 7. 4. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. St. Paul de Loanda. Type. Presented hy E. Gabriel, Esq. {H.B.M. Consul), 1850. 5. 5. 9. 83. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bingondo Bihe, Angola ; collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge. Purchased, 1905. E.— Cephalophus grrimmi coronalus. Antilope grimmia, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 12, 1766, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 15, 1767, xii, p. 18, 1776 ; Midler, Natursyst., SujjjjI. p. 55, 1776 ; Erxlehen, Syst. Regn. Anim. p. 276, 1777 ; Zimmermann, Sjpec. Zool. Geogr. p. 540, 1777, Geogr. Gcschichte, p. Ill, 1780; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 80, 1780 ; Hermann, Tahl. Affin. Anim. p. 107, 1783; Boddaert, Elenclius Anim. p. 140, 1785; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 191, 1785 ; Schreber, Sdug- thiere, pi. cclx. 1785 ; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 318, 1798 ; Donndorf, Zool. Beytrdge, vol. i, p. 641, 1792 ; Link, Beytrdgc Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Bechstein, Uebersicht vierfUss. Thieve, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800; Shaiv, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 334, 1801; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 115, 1802; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. x, p. 158, 1803, vol. xxiv, p. 31, 1804; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 240, 1804 ; Uliger, Prodromus Syst. Nat. p. 106, 1811; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 424, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. TJjJsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1230, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier' s Thierreich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 384, 1844; nee Capra grimmia Linn, Antilope (Gazella) grimmia, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 177, 1814. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) grimmia, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cephalophus grimmia, Jardine, Naturalist's Libr., Mamm. vol. vii, p. 237, pi. xxii, 1842. Cephalophus coronatus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. x, p. 266, CEPHALOPHINi*: 115 1842, vol. xviii, p. 164, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mu8. p. 57, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 9, pi. vi, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 599, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mils. p. 82, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873 ; Temminc'k, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 236, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 427 ; LydeJcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Gi-eatand Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 144, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 195, pi. xxii, fig. 2, 1895 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907. Sylvicapra coronata, Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 191, 1844 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873. Antilope (Cephalophus) coronatus, Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 421, 1852. Sylvicapra grinimia, Fitzinger, Sitzher. k. Ak. Wiss. vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869. Grinimia grimniia^ Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. [Mus. Pays- Bas, vol. ix) p. 138, 1887. Typical locality Gambia. Size smaller and ears relatively shorter than in typical race, the shoulder-height being about 17 or 18 inches; general colour light and the length of the ear about 3 inches, or less than interval between eye and tip of nose ; general colour orange-yellow, with very faint speckling (grizzling), but a small dark brown nose-streak, and front and back (but not sides) of pasterns also brown, as is like- wise the tail- tuft. Lachrymal depression in skull of medium depth ; middle palatine notch extending considerably in advance of lateral pair. Although some of the hairs have black tips, the speckling is practically unnoticeable at a short distance. 46. 10. 26. 22.) Skull, with horns, and skin. Gambia; 45. 10. 4. 3. j collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Type. Presented hy the Earl of Derhy, 1845-6. 46. 10. 26. 23. Skull and skin, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1846. 46. 10. 26. 21. Skull and skin, female. Knowsley ^lenagerie. Same history. 46. 11. 2. 5. Immature skull, female. Knowsley Menagerie. Same history. 46. 11. 2. 21. Skeleton. Gambia ; collected by Mr. Whitfield. Same history. I 2 116 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 11. 6. 10. 103. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. Fenioick Oiuen, Esq., 1911. 11. 6. 10. 104. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 99. 7. 7. 2-5. Four skulls, three female. Borgu, Nigeria. Presented hy Ccfpt. G. F. II. Abadie, 1899. 10. 2. 17. 2. Skin, scalp separate. Beckel district. Senegal. Presented hy Capt. H. S. Toppin, 1910. 10. 2. 17. 1. Skull, female. Gambia. Same history. 6. 8. 13. 1. Skin, immature. Gambia. Presented hy Capt. W. P. Stanley, 1906. 11. 1. 25. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Senegambia. Presented hy Major M. McNeill, 1911. 5. 12. 10. 3. Skull, female. Lagos. Presented hy W. A. Boss, Esq., 1905. 13. 8. 5. 1. Body-skin, female. Gold Coast. Presented hy Capt. C. H. Armitage, 1913. F.— Cephalophus grimmi campbellise. Cephalophus campbelliae, Gray, List Mam^n. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843,. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 164, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 9, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 121, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 80, 1852 ; TemmincTi, Esquiss. Zool, Guine, p. 194, 1853; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Matnm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862. Antilope (Cephalolophus) campbelHse, Wagner, ScJirehe7''s Sdug- tliiere, Supjol. vol. v, p. 419, 1855. Sylvicapra campbelliae, Fitzingcr, Sitzher. Ti. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869. Grimmia campbelliae, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 589, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 23, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants B^-it. Mus. p. 92, 1873. Cephalophus grimmi campbelliae, Lydehlcer, Game A^iimals of Africa, p. 143, 1908. . Sylvicapra coronata campbelliae, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873,. Field, vol. cxxi, p. 1007, 1913. Typical locality probably Sierra Leone. The race has been recorded from Sokoto, Yoruba, and other parts of Nigeria. Differs from coronatus by the much more profuse dark speckling of the coat, which communicates a general dusky tinQ;e. 47, a. Immature skin. Sierra Leone (?) ; collected by A. G. Campbell, Esq. Type. Purchased about 1843. CEPHALOPIIIN.E 117 G.— Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus. Antilope madoqua, Bii])pell, Neue WirbeUh. Abyss., Sdugetliiere,^. 22, pi. vii, fig. 2, 1830 ; Schinz, Synoj). Mamm. vol. ii, p. 423, 1845 ; Wagner, Sc7irebcr''s Sdugthiere, Supijl. vol. v, p. 422, 1855: Tragelaphus madoqua, Bilppell, VerzeicTiniss Mus. Senchenberg. p. 37, 1842. Sylvicapra madoqua, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet.-Ak. Hancll. 1844, p. 190, 1846, Fitzingcr. Sitzber. A-. AJc. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869; O. Netimann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 559. Cephalophus madoqua, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 9, 1850, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 598, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 82, 1852 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 194, 1853 ; Blanford, Zool. Abyssinia, p. 267, 1870 ; Heuglin, Beise Nord- Ostafrika, vol. ii, p. 108, 1877, W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 168, 1891; Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trij) through Abyssinia, p. 461, 1902. Grimmia madoqua. Gray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 24, 1872. Cephalophus abyssinicus, Thomas, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 427 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893 ; Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899; Sclater and, Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 199, pi. xxii, fig. 1, 1895 ; Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910. Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 143, 1908; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 162, 1910. Sylvicapra abyssinica, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 89; Focock, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 876; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912. Typical locality Abyssinia. As already mentioned, Pocock (loc. cit.) is disposed to regard abyssinicus as not more than subspecifically from coronatus, leaving open the question whether the former — and therefore also the latter — should be classed as a race of grimmi. Closely allied to the last ; the height being 18 inches at the shoulder, the length of the ear 5 J-, and that of the hind-foot 8j inches. General colour speckled (or grizzled) yellowish grey, with the face rufous, a brown nasal mark, and the pasterns wholly dark brown. The range extends south to the Bahr-el-Ghazal and Tana A^alley. 71. 11. 29. 6. Skin mounted, and skull. Abyssinia. FurcJiascd, 1871. 99. 12. 23. 1^ Skull, with horns. Tana Valley, Juba- land. Presented hij H. dc Free, Esq., 1899. 118 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 97. 1. 5. 3. Skin. Abyssinia ; from Sir Victor Brooke's collection. Presented hy Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897. 6. 11. 1. 55. Skull, with horns. Wochacha, North- east Africa ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. Presented hj IV. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. 6. 3. 27. 31. Skin, female. Haldayar. Presented hy the Lord Delamere, 1906. 4. 5. 9. 30. Skull and skin. Fafan, Somaliland. Presented hy Major H. N. Dunn, 1904. 7. 10. 2. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bir-el-Girud, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy G. Blctine, Esq., 1907. 11. 5. 28. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. South-west of Shambe, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy F. C. Selous, Esq., 1911. 8. 4. 2. 51. Skull, with horns, and skin. Chak-chak, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy A, L. Butler, Esq., 1908. 8. 4. 2. 52. Skin. Chak-chak. Same history. 2. 8. 16. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Gallabat, Sudan. Same donor, 1902. 1. 5. 4. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near cataracts, Upper Congo Valley ; collected by Capt. "Weyns. Presented hy the Congo Free State Museum, 1901. 7. 7. 8. 226-7. Three skulls, with horns ; two immature. Shari Valley. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. H.— Cephalophus gfrimmi nyansae. Sylvicapra abyssinica nyansoe, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 89. Cephalophus grimmi nyansae, LydeJcher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 143, 1908. Typical locality Kavirondo district. Type probably in describer's collection. Stated by its describer to differ from ahyssinicus merely by its darker colour, but apparently also larger. 10. 2. 13. 1. Skull and skin, female. Guasin-gishu, British East Africa. Presented hy Major Horshrugh, 1910. 10. 2. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Guasin-gishu. Presented hy F. C. Selous, Esq., 1910. CEPHALOPHIN.E 119 1. 8. 9. 127. Skull, female. Entebbe, Uganda Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 90. 3. 27. 7. Young, in spirit. Taita Mountains, B. E. Africa; collected by ^Ir. J. Wray. Purchased, 1890. I. — Cephalophus gfrimmi hindei. Cephalophus abyssinicus hindei, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 273, 1910 ; Lonnherg, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, art. 5, p. 158, 1912. Cephalophus grinimi hindei, LydeTiher, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 7, 1911. Typical locality Fort Hall, British East Africa. Of the approximate size of C. g. nyansce, but more brightly coloured. General colour tawny ochre, bright on neck and shoulders, duller on back and loins, but the yellow tinge noticeable even on rump, where it is wanting in nyansce ; hairs of neck drab-grey, with ochery tips, but further back the ochery tip is converted into a ring below the black tip ; chin and inner surfaces of upper part of limbs whitish ; throat ochery buff, with the hairs uniformly coloured through- out, but on flanks hairs coloured like those of back, although with the base drab. Maximum length of skull 6^ inches (160 mm.), maximum breadth 3 inches (76 mm.); length of upper rows of cheek-teeth 2^^ inches (52 mm.). 4. 12. 6. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Fort Hall, Kenia district, British East Africa. Type. Presented hy S. L. Hinde, Usq., 1904. Skull, with horns, and skin. Negong, Masai- Same donor, 1899. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyiri, Kenia Same donor, 1903. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history. Skin, female. Same locality (6,000 ft.). Same history. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eavine Station, British East Africa. Presented hy Sir If. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 10. 2. 14. 2. Skull, with horns. Eaime, British East Africa. Presented hy F. C. Selous, Esq. 99. 3 .4. 1. land. 3. 5. 25. 2. district. o O. 5. 25. 3. 3. 11 . 1. 8. 1. 8. 9. 66. 120 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4, 11. 5. 18-22. Five skulls, one female, Nyiri. Presented hy Capt. R. Meinertzliagen, 1904. 89. 8, 3. 7. Skull, imperfect, with horns, and skin. Near Kilimanjaro. Presented hy H. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889. J.— Cephalophus g-rimmi altivallis. Sylvicapra grimmi altivallis, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, No. 8, p. 10, 1912. Typical locality Aberdare Mountains, British East Africa. Stated to differ from liindei by a slight superiority in size and the darker colour of the back, which is more heavily speckled with black and less rufous ; coat heavier ; colour of dorsal hair broccoli-brown, and thus darker than in Jiindei ; hair of under-parts drab, instead of white, at base ; hoofs larger. iSTo example in collection. K. — Cephalophus gfrimmi shirensis. Cephalophus abyssinicus shirensis, Wrougliton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910. Cephalophus grimmi shirensis, LydeJclcer, Game Animals of Africa, Sup2)l. p. 7, 1911. Typical locality Zomba, Nyasaland. Approximately of the same size as Jiindei, but distinguished by the brighter ochery coat, of which the general colour is ochery buff; hairs drab at base, those of the neck being ochery buff to the tips, those of the back with short black tips ; under-parts white, more distinctly so than in Jiindei ; dark nose-mark prolonged to base of horns. Typically the speckling of the back with black so inconspicuous as to make the coat appear uniformly coloured at a short distance. This, however, is not the case with No. 96. 4. 24. 1, in which the dorsal speckling is conspicuous, while the fronts of both fore and hind legs are more heavily marked with dark brown than is the case in the type specimen. 94. 6. 7. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba, Nyasa- land (B. C. Africa). Type. Presented hy Sir H. H. JoJmston, G.C.M.G., K.G.B., 1894. 93. 5. 6. 6. Sku.ll, with horns, and skin. Same locality ; collected by A. White, Esq. Same donor, 1893. CEPHALOPIIIN/E 121 94. 3. 7. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Shirwa, Nyasa- land ; same collector. Same donor, 1894. 7. 2. 23. 1. Skin. Near Fort Nilangeni, Nyasaland. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1907. 95. 7. 22. 3-4. Two skulls, with horns. Zoinba. Presented hy Sir Alfred Shar^K, K.C.M.G., C.B., 189.";. 1. 6. 26. 8. Skull, with horns. Polonilje Valley, Nyasa- land ; collected by Mr. G. C. S. Eay. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. Manning, 1901. 99. 6. 28. 18-21. Four skulls, with horns and scalp-skin. SQ. 3. 6. 1. Skull and skin, immature female. Gonda, east of Tanganyika; collected by Herr E. Bohm. Purchased, 1886. 96. 4. 24. 1. Skin, mounted. Nyasaland. Presented hy R. Craivshay, Esq., 1896, 92. 8. 1. 66. Head, mounted. Zomba. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1892. L. — Cephalophus grrimmi roosevelti. Sylvicapra griinmi roosevelti. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix. no. 8, p. 9, 1912. Typical locality Lado Enclave. Stated to Ije smaller and more lightly coloured than any of the other races ; general colour greyish rather than yellowish, and dark areas of lower part of limbs broccoli- brown instead of blackish ; dark stripe on front of fore-legs imperfectly indicated ; nose- stripe extending to base of horns ; under-parts white. N"o example in collection. XXXIII. CEPHALOPHUS (SYLVICAPRA) LEUCOPEOSOPUS. Cephalophus leucoprosopus, 0. Neumann, Sitzhcr. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1899, p. 18, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 225, 1900 ; Thomas, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 464 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 160, 1908. Sylvicapra leucoprosopus, Neumann, loc. cit. Typical locality believed to be Angola. Type in Berlin Museum. 122 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Imperfectly known ; stated to be smaller than C. (j. coronatus^ with a rufous forehead, and white throat, under- parts, and inner sides of limbs ; general colour brown, darker on back ; legs black ; tail black above, white below ; rings round eyes, spot at base of ear, and insides of ears white. This species was described from two living specimens in the Berlin Zoological Gardens, reputed to come from Angola. It has been contrasted by Thomas with waUceri, from which it differs by the rufous forehead and white under-parts. No specimen in collection. Subfamily vii.— OREOTRAGINiE. The single genus (and species) of small antelopes forming this group was included by Sclater and Thomas in the Neotragince, but is regarded as the type of a separate sub- family by Pocock on account of differences in foot-structure.* Tail a mere broad stump. Muzzle with a large bare muffle and small nostrils. Face-glands normal, approxi- mated to eyes ; no foot-glands ; web of pasterns not folded l)ack on itself to form posterior wall of an interdigital cleft, but area between hoofs covered (as in Neotragince) with long hairs i'rom the front of pastern to the back, so that there is merely a small bare patch at summit of web ; hoofs trun- cated at tips, with their basal portion raised high above the ground in walking ; inguinal glands not definitely known. Teats two. Lateral hoofs present. Horns, in the form of short spikes, generally absent in females ; skull, which is very broad, with large lachrymal depressions, and small lachrymal vacuities ; frontals not prolonged backwards between parietals, and horns placed above hind rims of orbits. Upper molars of medium width, without internal accessory columns. The distributional area includes the mountainous tracts of the greater part of Ethiopian Africa. * mitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. voL iv, p. 52, 1872, had previously used the term " Oreotragus Gruppe " for the Oreotragince 4- Neotragince. OREOTIJAOINJ^: 123 Genus OREOTRAGUS. Oreotragus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Joum. vol. ii, p. 212, 1834 ; Riltimcyer, Ahh. sell weiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 52, 1877; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 3, 1895 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 885. Oritragus, Gloger, Naturgeschichte, vol. i, p. 154, 1841. General characters those of the subfamily. Coat consisting of thick pithy hairs, quite different in character from those of any other African antelopes ; ears of moderate size and rounded ; head triangular and pointed. Distribution co-extensive with that of subfamily. OEEOTriAGUS OEEOTRAGUS. Antilope oreotragiis, Zimmermann, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. iii, p. 269, 1783 ; Schreber, Sciugthiere, pi. cclix, 1785 ; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 189, 1788; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 316, . 1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, vol. i, p. 637, 1792 ; Link, Beytrdge Natgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Bcchstein, Uehersicht vierfiiss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 74, 1799, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800 ; Shaiv, Gen. Zool. \o\. ii, pt. 2, p. 321, 1801 ; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 114, 1802; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xvi, p. 328, 1803, ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 191, 1816, Mammalogie, \o\.\i, p. 460, 1822, Bid. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i. \). 445, 1822; Cuvier, Diet. Sei. Nat. vol. ii, p. 233, 1804 ; Tiedemann, Zool. vol. i, p. 408, 1808 ; Thunherg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 311, 1801 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 219, 1815 ; Goldfuss. Schreber' s Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 1228, 1818; Schinz, Cuvier's Theirreich, vol. i, p. 392, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 410, 1845 ; Burchell, List Mamm. presented to Brit. Miis. p. 6, 1825 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellimg. SdugetJiiere, pi. xv, 1828 ; J.B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 466,1829; Biippell, Neue Wirbelfh. Abyssin., Mamm. p. 25, 1835 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 291, 1836 ; Oiven, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 42, 1838; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii, p. 1363, 1838 ; Gervais, Diet. 'Sci. Nat, Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Forster, Descript. Anim. p. 382, 1844 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 436, 1844, vol. v, p. 412, 1855 ; Giebel, SdugetJiiere, p. 318, 1855. Antilope saltatrix, Boddacrt, Elenclius Anim. p. 141, 1785; Link, Beytrdge Nat^urgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 377, 1827 ; 'iVo2*v. Tabl. Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 177,1842; Des Murs and Prevost, Lefebvres Voyage Abyss, vol. vi, Zool. p. 32, pi. iv, 1827; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 233, 1887. Antilope klippspringer, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xii. p. 390, vol. xxiv, p. 32, 1804. 124 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Antilope (Gazella) oreotragus, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 175, 1814. Cemas oreotragus, OTicn, LeJirhuch Naturgeschichte, voL iii, pt. 2, p. 743, 1816. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) oreotragus, Blainvillc, Bull. Soc. Philoni. 1816, p. 75. Antilope (Tragulus) oreotragus, iJ. Smith, Grifitli's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 245, vol. V, p. 340, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Caj). p. 79, 1832. Oreotragus t^'picus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 212, 1834. Antilope (Ourebia) oreotragus, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841. Tragelaphus oreotragus, Biipjpell, Verzeichniss Mus. Scnchenherg. pt. 1, p. 37, 1842. Oreotragus saltatrix, Jardine, Naturalists'' Lihr., Mamm. vol. vii, p. 221, pi. XXX, 1842 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 236, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 137, 1851, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 8, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 119, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 74, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 20, 1872, Hatid- List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873 ; Ger-rard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 235, 1862, Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 167, 1863, Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leojp. — Car. vol. XXX, pt. 2, p. 9, 1863, Beise Nordost Afriha, vol. ii, p. 104, 1877; Fitzinger, Sitzhcr. h. Ak. Wiss Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 170, 1869; Blanford, Zool. Abyssinia, p. 265, 1870; Drummond, Large Game, of South Africa, pp. 396 and 425, 1875 ; Biltimeyer, Abh. schiveiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 53, 1877 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 262, 1880 ; Giglioli, Ann. Mus. Genova, ser. 2, vol. vi, p. 18, 1888 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 300, 1889. Calotragus saltatrix, Temmincli, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853. Calotragus oreotragus, Biippell, op. cit. 1855. Antilope saltatrixoides, Wagucr, Schrcber's Sdugthiere, Sappl. vol. V, p. 412, 1855. Oreotragus saltator, KirJi, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657 ; Crawshay , ibid, 1890, p. 653 ; Thomas, ibid. 1891, p. 211, 1892, p. 553, 1894, p. 145; Swayne, ibid. 1892, p. 308; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 26, 1892 ; Bendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361 ; Sclater and^ Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 5, pi. XXV, 1895; LydeJcker, Great and Small Game of Africa. p. 234, 1899 ; Game Animals of Africa, p. 166, 1908 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna of S. Africa, Manun. vol. i, p. 167, 1900 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 188, 1910; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Bhodesia, p. 188, 1911. Nanotragus oreotragus, Broolcc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Buckley, ibid. 1876, p. 283 ; Selous, ibid, 1881, p. 762, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 222, 1881 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891 ; Floiver and Lydehker, Study of Mammals, ]). 329, 1891, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 219, 1893. Oreotragus oreotragus, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. {Mus. Pays- Bas, Yo\. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {ibid. vol. xi) OliEOTRAGINiE 125 p. 160, 1892 ; 0. Neumann^ Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freiinde, 1900, p. 559 ; Matschie, Sdugetldere Dcutsch - OstafriJca, p. 122, 1895 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 803 ; Bothschihl, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Anderson and de Winton, Zool. Egypt, Mamm. p. 338, pi. lix, 1902 ; Thomas and Schivann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 183 ; Pocock, ibid. 1910, p. 885. Klipsprtnger. Type of genus and of Oritragus. Typical locality Cape Colony. Heiglit at shoulder ranging from about 20 to 22 inches ; general colour speckled yellow and black, giving an olive tone to the whole coat, except where the orange-yellow is specially prevalent ; coat wavy, close-lying, and thick so as to form a kind of cushion-like covering ; the individual hairs white to pale grey at base, yellow at tip, and brown in the intermediate portion ; under-parts, inclusive of chin, and inner sides of limbs paler than back, frequently white ; limbs coloured like body. Basal length of skull 4|- inches, maximum width 3|-, length from muzzle to orbit 2| inches. Distribution the same as that of the genus. Includes Angola and Northern Nigeria on the west coast. The local races may be distinguished as follows : — A. Females normally hornless. a. Under-parts coloured like back but paler ; no black patch above front of hoofs or white spot on outer side of ears 0. o. oreotragiis. b. Under-parts white ; a black patch above front of hoofs and a white spot on outer side of ears. a' . Body uniformly' coloured throughout. a" . Base of hairs, especially on back, white or whitish. a'" . Colour darker, limbs not markedly lighter than body, crown of head coloured much like body 0. o. saUatrixoides. b'" . Colour lighter (golden yellow), legs much paler than body ; crown of head different in colour from body 0. o. aureus, b" . Base of hairs, especially on back, reddish grey or reddish brown 0. o. somalicus. b' . Fore and hind halves of body differently coloured ; the former reddish or yellow- ish ochery, the latter olive (roe-colour) 0. o. aceratos. c. Imperfectly known ; skull relatively broad .. . 0. o. porteousi. B. Females frequently horned 0. o. schilling si. 126 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES A.— Oreotragrus oreotpagrus oreotrag'us. Oreotragus oreotragus, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Gcs. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 170. Oreotragus saltator tvpicus, Lydcl-Jicr, Game Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908. Typical locality Cape Colony. General colour uniform brownish olive, with the under- parts only slightly paler than back ; base of hairs on back brownish white, tips frequently yellow; no distinct black patch on front of feet above hoofs ; ears, which are relatively short, mingled black and yellowish, with a reddish white band l)elow and a black one above, and an indistinct yellowish spot on the outer side, inside white ; forehead and occiput reddish brown ; chin and throat light yellowish. The northern limit of the range is not definitely known, but probably does not extend beyond the Zambesi. 51. 6. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Cape Colony; collected by Verreaux. Furchascd, 1851. 96. 2. 27. 1. Skin, mounted, female. Ehenosterberg, ]\Iiddelberg, Cape Colony. Presented hy H. Lainy Gordon, Esq., 1896. 4. 2. 3. 122. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klipfontein, Namaqualand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hj C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904. B.— Oreotrag'us oreotragus saltatrixoides. Calotragus saltatrixoides, TemmincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853; BilpiJell, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthierc, Suppl. vol. v, p. 414, 1855. Oreotragus saltatrixoides, Fitzinger, Sitzber. l\ Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. hx, pt. 1, p. 170, 1869; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 171. Oreotragus saltator saltatrixoides, Lydek'ker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908. Typical locality Abyssinia. General colour uniform greyish olive above, with white or whitish bases to the hairs, especially on back ; thighs only a little lighter than back ; under-parts white ; a white spot on outer side of ear ; and a black patch on front of feet above hoofs. OREOTIiAGIN.E 127 The distributional area comprises the inouiitainoiis districts of north-eastern Africa, exclusive of Somalihuid ; also Abyssinia, from Erythra?a to the Hawash Valley, and thence eastward to Harar; while it may also include the country between the Hawash Valley and Lake Eudolf. 73. 2. 24. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bogosland, Abyssinia. Purchased, 187o. 73. 2. 24. 14. Skin, lemale. Same locality. Same history. 73. 2. 24. 21. Skull, with horuR. Same locality. Same historij. 44. 5. 14. 37. Skull, with horns, and skin. Abyssinia. Purchased, 1847. C.-^Oreotragrus oreotragus aureus. Oreotragus oreotragus aureus, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 13, p. 7, 1913. Typical locality Mt. Lololohwi, north of Guaso-nyiro, B. E. Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. Provisionally recognised as a race, diagnosed as follows : — General colour golden yellow, lighter than in saltatrixoides ; limbs much paler than body ; hoof-spot large ; crown of head rufous, in marked contrast to body-colour. 13. 10 9. 1-3. Three skulls and skins, female, Guaso- narok, northern Guaso-nyiro. The difference in colour between the body and legs is very slight, but the rufous crown is well-marked. Presented hy F. Russell Roberts, Esci., 1913. D,— Oreotragrus opeotragrus schilling'si. Oreotragus schillingsi, O. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 172; BooseveJt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Oreotragus saltator schillingsi, LydcMier, Game Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908, Su2)pl. p. 9, 1911. Oreotragus oreotragus schillingsi, Hollistcr, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 3, 1910. Typical locality northern German East Africa. Type apparently in the collection of ]\lr. C. G. Schillings. 128 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES In general characters very similar to saltatrixoides, but distinguished by the thighs, which are clear grey or rufous, differing markedly in colour from the body, and the dark middle line of the back, as well as by the very general presence of horns in the female ; the last character distinguishing this race from all the others. The range includes all the district round Kilimanjaro, and the neighbourhood of the Amara Eiver, British East Africa, about a dozen miles from the German border, and thence to Laikipia and Uganda. 5. 4. 3. 29. Skull and skin, female. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Presented hy Lieut. -Col. C. Delme-Radcliffe, 1905. 5. 4. 3. 30. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 5. 4. 3. 31. Skeleton. Same locality. Same history. 3. 11. 7. 19. Skull (imperfect) and skin, immature. Bulima, Uganda. Same donor, 1903. 8. 3. 14. 2. Skin. Laikipia, British East Africa. Presented hy Ca'pt. the Hon. H. C. Guest, 1908. 11. 3. 12. 1. Head, mounted, and body-skin, female. Amara Valley, southern Guaso-nyiro, British East Africa. Presented hy Capt. W. H. Wilkin, 1911. 10. 3. 17. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Laretai Plains, British East Africa. Presented hy Lieut. -Col. Stevenson Clarke, 1910. 10. 3. 17. 3. Skin. Same locality. Same history. 10. 3. 17. 4. Skull, with horns. Honeybird Valley, fifty miles south-west of Kijabe, British East Africa. Same history. E.— Oreotragrus oreotragfus somalicus. Oreotragus somaUcus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 174 ; Drake-BrocTimaji, Mammals of Somali, p. 63, 1910. Oreotragus saltator soniahcus, LydeJiTier, Game Animals of Africay p. 167, 1908. Typical locality Somaliland. Differs from two preceding races by the bases of the hairs, especially on the back, being reddish grey or reddish brown ; females hornless. OREOTRAGIN.E 129 The coloured plate in the Booh of AnteloiKS represents this race. 94.2.21.21. Skull, witli horns. Somaliland ; collected T)y Col. H. G. C. Swayne. TremiUd hij Dr. P. L. Sdater, 1894. 98. 3. 12. 1. Skull and skin, female. Golis Range, Somaliland. Type. Presented hy F. B. Parkinson, Esq., 1898. .r^.y/ Fig. 12. — Front and Side Views of Skull of Somali Klipspringer {Oreotragus oreotragus somaliciis). 10. 10. 3. 46. Skin, female. Same locality. Presented hy Dr. E. E. Drake- Br ochman, 1910. 10. 10. 3. 45. Skin. Shanahalsh, Golis Eange. Same history. 6. 11. 1. 57. Skull, with horns (fig. 12), and skin. Managaiki Hills, North-eastern Africa ; collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Presented hy W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. 12. 7. 10. 7. Skin. Debrowein, Somaliland. Presented hy G. Blaine, Esq., 1912. II. E 130 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES F.— Oreotragus oreotragrus aceratos. Oreotragus aceratos, Noacl', Zool. Anz. 1899, p. 11 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Frcunde, 1902, p. 173. Oreotragus saltator aceratos, LydeM'er, Game Animals of Africa, p. 167, 1908. Typical locality Litidi Hinterland, East Africa. Distinguished from all the other races by the reddish or ocliery colour of the fore-quarters ; the hind-quarters alone being olive (roe-colour). The range includes Nyasaland, Southern Angoniland, and North-eastern Ehodesia. 92. 8. 1. 63. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba, Nyasaland (B. C. Africa) ; collected by A. Whyte, Esq. Fresented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1892. 94. 1. 25. 21. Skin, mounted, and skull. Eort Lister, Nyasaland. Same donor, 1894. 96. 10. 26. 23. Skin, immature. Southern Angoniland. Presented hy Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.O.M.G., C.B., 1896. 95. 2. 2. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Mlange, Nyasaland. Same donor, 1895. 2. 8. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Muchinga Mountains, North-eastern Ehodesia. Presented hy F. H. Melland, Esq., 1902. 7. 11. 15. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. South Chemsali district, North-eastern Ehodesia. Presented, hy R. L. Hargcr, Esq., 1907. 7. 11. 15. 7-8. Two skulls and skins, female. Same locality. Same history. 7. 11. 15. 9. Skin. Same locality. Same history. G.— Oreotragus oreotragus porteousi. Oreotragus saltator porteusi, Lydehhcr, Proc. Zool. Sec. 1911, p. 960, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 9, 1911 ; name misspelt. Typical locality Zaria * district of Northern Nigeria. Imperfectly known. Skull differs from that of schillingsi by its much greater width, the diameter across the orbits being 3^ against 2^| inches ; it is further distinguished by the * Incorrectly given as Yola in original description. OKEOTKAGINM^: 131 marked beudiiig-dowu of the margin of the lachrymal bone, which consequently has a distinct lateral surface in place of a sharp edge, and also shows only a comparatively small portion of its whole extent in a front view of the skull. 12. 5. 3. 1. Skull, with horns. Duchi n'Wai lianefe, Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Type. Presented by l)r, E. J. ForteGUs, 1911. Subfamily viii.— NEOTRAGINiE. Eelatively .small antelopes, with well-developed slender tails of moderate length, and a large bare muffle extend- ing nearly as far back as hind angles of nostrils. Face-glands, when present, in the form of a valvular invagination, with their circular orifices approximated to the eyes ; web of pasterns folded back on itself to form posterior wall of an interdigital cleft ; other characters of this part as in Oreotragince ; hoofs normal ; inguinal glands apparently present. Teats two* or four.f Lateral hoofs present or absent. Horns absent in females, except abnor- mally ; those of males in the form of short simple spikes, more or less annulated at base ; skull more or less elongated, with large lachrymal depressions and small lachrymal slits ; frontals much the same as in Oreotragince, as are also the upper molars. The distributional area includes the gTeater portion of Ethiopian Africa. The following is a key to the genera included in the subfamily : — A. A bare patch below ear Ourehia. B. No bare patch below ear. a. Horns vertical ; lateral hoofs present or absent... Bapliicerus. h. Horns inclining backwards in or near frontal plane ; lateral hoofs wanting Neotragus. * W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 174, Ba^Tiliicerus. t Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882, Ourehia. K 2 132 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES I. Genus OUREBIA. Ourebia, Lawrillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p, 622, 1841* ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 13, 1895 ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. Scopophorus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846. Oribia, LydeTiTier, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 238, 1899. The largest members of the subfamily, readily distin- guished by the presence of a larger or smaller bare patch of skin (commonly described as glandular) below each ear, tufts of long hairs on the knees, and the retention of small lateral hoofs. Tail short and tufted. Skull with large or medium lachrymal depressions ; nasals large. Horns inclining back- wards, and ridged at base. The genus is distributed, in suitable localities, over the greater part of Ethiopian Africa, where it is represented by several more or closely allied species, some of which might perhaps be better regarded as local races. To these the following is a key : — A. A blackish frontal mark. a. Size smaller; basal skull-length 5f inches... 0. oiirehi. b. Size larger; basal skull length 6i% 0. goslingi. B. No dark frontal mark. a. Horns more or less slender ; hair straight. a' . Tail largely black. a". Nose blackish ; size small 0. nigricaudata^ h" . Nose fawn ; size larger. a?. Lachrymal depression broad 0. hastata. b^. Lachr^^mal depression narrow. a*. Skull small ; teeth large 0. Teeny ce. b*. Skull large ; teeth small 0. microdon.f b'. Tail fawn, except for a few hairs at tip. a'. Horns long and slender ; tail short ... O. cottoni. b' . Horns short and slight ; tail longer ... O. montana. b. Horns very thick and heavily ridged 0. haggardi. c. Hair curly 0. gaUarum. * For date of this work see Ami. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vii^ p. 350, 1899. t External characters unknown. NEOTRAGINilC 133 I. OUREBIA OUEEBI. Antilope ourebi, Ziinmtrmann, Gcogr. Gescliiclite, vol. iii, p. 266, 1783 ; Sliaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 320, 1801 ; Hnct, Bull. Soc. Acdim. 6Gi\ 4, vol. iv, p. 89, 1887. Antilope scoparia, Schrebcr, Sdugthiere, pi. cclxi, 1785 ; Afzcliiis Nova Acta Soc. UjJsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Desmarest, Nonv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 194, 1816, Mamm. vol. ii, p. 462, 1822 ; Dcsmoidins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822 ; Gold- fuss, Sclirehcr's Saugthlcre, vol. v, p. 1244, 1824 ; BurcJiell, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 7, 1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 244, vol. v, p. 339, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 379, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836, Nouv. Tahl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xii, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 469, 1829; S)nuts, Enum. Mam7n. Cap. p. 78, 1832; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, p. 633, 1868; Ohen, Allgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1362, 1838 ; Gervais, Diet. Sei. Nat., Supj)l. vol. i, y>. 262, 1840; Wagner, Schrcher's Sdugthiere, Siqjpl. vol. iv, p. 429, 1844, vol. v, p. 411, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 414, 1845 ; Giehel, Sdugethiere, p. 316, 1855. Antilope melanura, 5ec7is^em, Uebersichtvierfiiss. TJdere,\o\. i, p. 73, 1799, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800. Cemas melanura, OJxcn, Lchi^huch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 743, 1816. Redunca scoparia, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 211, 1834. Antilope (Ourebia) scoparia, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841. Oreotragus scoparius. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847 ; Drummond, Large Game S. Africa, p. 426, 1875. Calotragus scoparius, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vel.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 192, 1846 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 260, 1880, ed. 3, p. 396, 1891. Scopophorus ourebi. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 131, 1851, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 7, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 118, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 73, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 19, 1872, Hand- List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869. Calotragus oureby, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853. Scopophorus ourebi grayi, Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869. Nanotragus scoparius, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Selous, ibid. 1881, p. 761, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 221, 1881; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 301, 1889; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Nicolls and Egling- ton, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 25, 1892 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 81, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs,'ii. 218, 1893. 134 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Scopophorus scoparius, JentinJc, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Miis, {Miis. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (oj). cit. vol. xi) p. 160, 1892. Neotragus scoparius, Barkley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 132 ; Bendall, ibid. 1895, p. 361. Ourebia scoparia, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 15, 1895 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 170, 1900. Oribia scoparia, LydeTiher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 238, 1899, Gatne Animals of Africa, p. 169, 1908 ; Kiihy, Great and Synall Game of Africa, p. 239, 1899; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 176, 1910 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Bhodesia, p. 196, 1911. Ourebia ourebi, quoted by LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 169, note, 1908 * ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. Ourebia oribi, Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1907. Oribi. Type of genus ; also of Scopophorus. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size large ; height at shoulder from about 24 to 26 inches. General colour bright sandy rufous ; chin, a stripe over outer angle of each eye, and under-parts (exclusive of throat) white ; generally a dark brown triangular mark on forehead ; subauricular bare patch small and indistinct ; tail sandy rufous in its basal third, elsewhere thickly tufted and black, length about 4J inches ; skull with large slender muzzle, and large and open lachrymal depressions, of which the upper and lower borders are strongly ridged. Horns, of which fine specimens measure from 5 to 7 inches in length, slender, evenly tapering, inclined backwards at an angle of about 45^ to the plane of the face, with a slight upward and forward curvature ; their ridges approximated, low, rounded, indistinct, and restricted to the basal two-thirds. Length of hind-foot 11, of ear 3f inches ; basal length of skull 5 J, maximum width 2 J, length from muzzle to orbit 3f inches. The range appears to extend as far north as the Zambesi on the east, and into Congo territory on the west. 46. 10. 26. 18. Skull and skin, female. South Africa. Purchased, 1846. 46. 10. 26. 17. I Skull and skin, female. South Africa. 46. 1. 9. 13. I Purchased, 1846. * There is some earlier reference. NKOTKAGINJ^] 135 775, lb. \ Skull and skin, female. Mashonaland. 135, h. j By exchange vnth the South African Museum. 1. G. 3. ^q., l.SST. 87. 3. 9. 3. Skull, with horns. Lamu. Co-type. Same hidorij^ 87. 3. 9. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Lamu. Same history^ 95. 6. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Doruma district, 25 miles inland of Mombasa. Presented hy A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1895. VI. OUEEBIA KENYJ^.. Ourebia kenya.', Meinertzhagen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, vol. i, p. 169. Oribia kenyae, LydeJcker, Game Anmials of Africa, p. 174, 1908. Typical locality Kenia district, British East Africa. Nearly related to 0. haggardi, and standing from about 23 to 25 inches at the shoulder, this species (or [?] race) is^ distinguished by the horns being less thick, and not so roughly and irregularly ridged, as well as by their more forward direction and greater divergence. General colour blight fulvous or ochery tawny ; chin, throat, and a streak running from above the eye towards muzzle white ; ears fringed above with dark brown ; tail about 4 inches long, its terminal three-fourths tufted and black and basal fourth edged with black below. Lachrymal depression narrow. In the last-mentioned feature, as well as in its black- tufted tail, this species shows affinity with 0. hastata. 4. 11. 5. 28. Skull, with horns. Fort Hall, British East Africa. Type. Presented hj Ca^ot. B. Meinertzhagen, 1904. 4. 11. 5. 24-26. Three skulls, with horns (fig. 14). Fort Flail. Same history. 4. 11. 5. 27. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history^ 4. 11. 5. 29-31. Three skulls, with horns. Same locality. Same history. 4. 12. 6. 13. Skull, with horns. Same locality. Presented hy S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904. 142 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4. 12. 6. 12. Skull, with horns, aud skm. Same locality. Same histonj. 7. 11. 18. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Foot of Mount Kenia. Presented hij R. J. Cuninfjlwme, Esf[., 1907. 7. 11. 18. 3. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. Fig. 14. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Hoens of Kenia Oribi {Ourehia kenyce). VII. OUREBIA MICRODOX. Ourebia microdon, HolUster, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 4, 1910. Oribia microdon, Lydeklxcr, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 10, 1911. Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, Britisli East Africa. Type in United States National Museum. A large species, known by the skull, in wliich the upper NEOTRAGIN^^: 143 series of cheek-teeth is unusually short, occupyiDg less length than in species witli al)Solutely smaller skulls ; rostral portion of skull elongated ; horns short, stout, and heavily ridged. Apparently most nearly related to hcnym, from wliich it diflers by its larger size, longer cranial rostrum and nasals, square and flat basioccipital, and shorter and more heavily ridged horns. Some of the dimensions of the type skull are contrasted below with those of other species ; the measure- ments in millimetres : — microdon. cottoni. kenyce. montana. Maximum length 175 168 165 164 Condylo-basal length 163 157 154 153 Basal length 152 146 143 144 Maxhnimi width 77 75 75 74 Muzzle to orbit 95 87 85 86 Length of upper row of cheek-teeth. 48 53 49 50 No specimen in collection. Ylir. OUEEBIA GOSLINGI. Ourebia goslingi, Tlwmas and Wrougliton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix. p. 387, 1897 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907. Oribia goslingi, LydeJcJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 177, 1908. Typical locality Niangara, Welle Valley, Congo. Characterised by its large size (approximately the same as in hastata), coupled with the presence of a conspicuous black patch extending from the forehe:\d between the horns to base of ears, and recalling the somewhat similar mark in ourchl ; a black tinge on back ; hairs smoky grey at base, and dark brown above, with a bright buff ring below the small black tip. Horns longer than in montana, but shorter and slighter than in henyce. Length of ear 4:^ inches (107 mm.), of hind-foot llyf (300 mm.), of tail 3J inches (94 mm.): basal length of skull ^(\ inches (160 mm.), greatest breadth 2| (73 mm.), length from orbit to muzzle 3|- inches (98 mm.). 7. 7. 8. 215. Skull and skin, female. Niangara, L^pper Welle Valley. Type. Collected during the Alexander- Gosling Expedition. Presented by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 144 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 7. 7. 8. 213. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bimu, Welle Valley. Same collection. Same history, 7. 7. 8. 214. Sknll, with horns, immature. Danga, Congo. Same collection. Same history, 7. 7. 8. 216. Skull and skin, female. Nigeria. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 217. Skull, with horns. Nigeria. Same collection. Same history. 7. 7. 8. 218. Skull and skin, female. Nigeria. Same collection. Same history, 1907. IX. OUEEBIA COTTOXI. Ourebia cottoui, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. i, p. 177, 1908 ; HoUister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 4, 1910; HeUer, ibid. vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 12, 1910. Oribia cottoni, LycleTcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 177, 1908. Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East Africa. About the size of 0. rjoslingi (23 inches at shoulder), but with a rather longer coat and the general colour paler and brighter, being tawny, fading to buff on flanks, instead of dark clay-colour shading into ochre ; hairs drab for basal two-thirds, but otherwise buff, except for very small black tips ; no distinct dark frontal mark ; tail very short, less than one- third the length of that of goslinyi, about 1\ inches. Horns short and well ridged, although not so strongly as in haggarcli, skull, compared with that of goslingi, broader, stouter, and shorter in front of orbits. 7. 12. 29. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Surgoit Eock, Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East Africa. Type. Presented by Major P. H. G. Poivell- Cotton, 1907. 7. 12. 29. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull. Same locality. Same history. X. OUEEBIA GALLAEUM. Ourebia gallarum, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 146, 1913. Typical locality shores of Lake Helene, about 60 miles south of Addis Abeba, Abyssinia. NEOTKAGINiE 145 A large species, with long wavy hair and complete absence uf a dark frontal patch. General colour bright orange-fawn, deeper along dorsal line, with the tips of the hairs cream and their bases whitish ; forehead uniformly orange-fawn. Skull relatively large and massive, with great development of the bridge across the rostrum in front of orbits, and the con- sequent marked concavity of the facial profile : nasals depressed ; lachrymal depression large and deep ; horns short and stout, inclining strongly backwards, as in montana, and ridged only at base. Basal length of skull 6 inches (152 mm.), greatest width 3{\r (84 mm.), length of nasals 2|J- (67 mm.), of upper row of cheek-teeth 2j^ (52 mm.). The skull approximates to that of 0. cottoni, in which the basal length is 5 j inches (145 mm.), but differs by tlie more backward inclination of the horns, resembling in this respect 0. montana, in which the basal skull-length is 6^^^ inches (156 mm.). The hair is Ijrighter and richer in tone than that of cottoni, and quite different from the grizzled fawn of montana ; while in its waviness it differs from both. 6. 11. 1. 58. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Helene, Onio Valley, Abyssinia; collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Type. Presented hj W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. The following specimens are not yet specifically deter- mined : — 4. 8. 1. 3. Skull, with horns. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. C. Dclnie-Radcliffe, 1904. 4. 8. 1. 4. Skull, immature female. South-western Ankoli ; same collector. Sa.me history. 4. 11. 5. 31. Skull, with horns. Uganda. Presented hy Capt. P. Meinertzhagen, 1904. II. Genus RAPHICERUS. Eaphicerus, H. Smith, Griffitli's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 342, 1827; Sdater and Thomas, BooJc of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 33, 1895 ; Pococl; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 879. Calotragus, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vct.-Alx. Handl. 1844. p. 192, 1846. Rhaphocerus, Agassiz, Nomenclator ZooL, Index Univ. p. 321, 1840. II. L 146 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Pediotragus, Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 163, 1869; Jentinh, Notes Leyden Mus, vol. xxii, p. 30, 1900. Eaphiceros, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 796. Rhaphiceros, Lydehker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 249, 1899 ; Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. No bare patch below ear, or tufts on knees ; tail short ; horns rising nearly vertically, slender, with slightly developed ridges on basal half ; lateral hoofs present or absent. Skull stout and strong, with a sharp broad muzzle, small but deep lachrymal depressions, of which the upper and lower margins are rounded. For the distinctive characteristics of the foot of this genus, as coinpared with that of Ourehia, see Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1910, p. 885. The distributional area is restricted to Southern and Eastern Africa. The genus is divisible into the two following groups : — A. Lateral hoofs wanting (Raphicerus). a. Coat uniformly coloured R. campestris. h. Coatspeckled R, sharp ei. B. Lateral hoofs present [Nototragus] R. melanotis. 1. Subgenus RAPHICERUS. Lateral hoofs wanting. I. EAPHICEEUS CAMPESTEIS. Capra grimmia, Thunherg, Reise, vol. ii, p. 8, 1789, nee Linn. Antilope campestris, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 311, 1811. Antilope tragulus, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 176, 1814, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xiv, 1828 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1234, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 392, 1821 ; Desmarest, Ma7mnalogie, vol. ii, p. 458, 1822; J. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 464, 1829; Smiits, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 81, 1832; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 291, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; Ohen, Allgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1362, 1838 ; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840; Forster, Descrip. Anim. -pip. 36 and 374, 1844; Wagner, Schrebcr's Sdug- thiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 436, 1844, vol. v, p. 410, 1855 ; Schinz^ NEOTRAGINiE 147 Synop. Martin, vol. ii, p. 411, 1845; Peters, Reisc nach Mossam- bique, Sdugeth. p. 187, 1852 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 318, 1855; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 88, 1887. Antilope tragulus rupestris, Lichtcnsteui, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. \i, p. 177, 1814 ; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 376, 1844. Antilope capensis {for campestris), Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. TJpsal. vol. vii, p. 254, 1815. Antilope ibex, Afzclius, ojp. cit. p. 263, 1815 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 376, 1827. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) stonbock, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Cerophorus (Cervicapra) acuticornis, Blainville, op. cit. pp. 75 and 79, 1816, Journ. Phys. Aug. 1818, pi. i, fig. 8, Ohen's Isis, 1819, vol. ii, p. 1095. Antilope acuticornis, Desmarcst, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 193, 1816, Marmnalogie, vol. ii, p. 460, 1820; Scliin?:, Cuvier's Thier- 7'eich, vol. i, p. 395, 1821; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 377, 1827'; Floiver and Ga^'son, Cat. Osteol. Miis. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 275, 1884. Antilope rupestris, Burchell, Travels in S. Africa, vol. i, p. 202, 1822, vol. ii, p. 15, 1824; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 248, vol. V, p. 340, 1827 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 412, 1845. Antilope fulvo-rufescens, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822. Antilope (Kaphicerus) acuticornis, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King- dom, vol. iv, p. 252, vol. V, p. 342, 1827; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 292, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim. p. 177. 1842; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840. Antilope (Raphicerus) subulata, H. Smith, Griffith's Anijnal King- dom, vol. iv, p. 253, vol. V, p. 342, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 292, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim. p. 177, 1842 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840. Tragulus rupestris, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 212, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxv, fig. 2, 1840. Tragelaphus tragulus, Rilppell, Verzeichniss Mus. SencJcenberg . p. 37. 1842. Oreotragus tragulus. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843. List. Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847. Calotragus campestris. Gray, Cat, Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 71, 1852; Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 68, 1861 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 235, 1862. Calotragus tragulus, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 209. Pediotragus tragulus, Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. ATi. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 163, 1869; Jentinh, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 173, 1873, vol. XV, p. 262, 1893, vol. xxii, p. 30, 1900, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 134, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {pp. cit. vol. xi) p. 165, 1892; Max Weber, Arch, mikr. Anat. vol. xxi, p. 500, 1888. Pediotragus tragulus grayi, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 163, 1869. L 2 148 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Pediotragus campestris, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mas. p. 31, 1872, Hand-List liuminants Brit. Mils. p. 100, 1873 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 559. Nanotragus tragulus, BrooTie, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, pp. 642 and 874 ; Buckley, ibid. 1876, p. 283 ; Bocage, ibid. 1878, p. 742 ; Seloiis, ibid. 1881, p. 762, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 222, 1881 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 300, 1889 ; Hunter, Willoughby's East Africa, p. 290, 1889 ; Crawshay, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 654 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pfc. ii, p. 166, 1891; P'lower and LydeJiker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Lugard, E. Africa, voL i, p. 540, 1893. Neotragus tragulus, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 145, 1883. Nanotragus campestris, Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 24, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 217, 1893 ; Jackson, Big Game Shooting {Badminton Library), vol. i, pp. 285 and 391, 1894; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60, 1895. Neotragus campestris, Rendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361. Eaphicerus campestris, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 41, pi. xxvii, fig. 1, 1895, vol. iv, p. 225, 1900; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 173, 1900; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 879. Rhaphiceros campestris, Kirby, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 251, 1899; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 185, 1910. Pediotragus horstocki, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 39, 1900. Rhaphiceros horstocki, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. RhaphiceruQ campestris, Lonnberg. Arkiv Zool. vol. v. No. 10, p. 4, 1909. Steinbok. Type of Raphiccrus, Calotragus, and Pediotragus. Typical locality Cape Colony. Heiolit at shoulder from about 21 to 22 inches. General colour bright sandy rufous, deeper on head ; muzzle and a horseshoe-like patch on crown usually dark brown ; a white stripe above outer angle of each eye ; tail short, coloured above like back, below white, as is also under surface of body; lateral hoofs wanting; horns relatively larger than in the oribis, the maximum recorded length being 7i inches. Skull stout, with the frontal surface roughened and ridged, and the premaxillte articulating with the nasals. Length of hind-foot 9|, of ear 41 inches ; basal length of skull 4|, maximum width 2|, length from muzzle to orbit 2| inches. The range extends on the west to the Cuneni and on the east to the Zambesi. NEOTKAGIN/E 149 The following local races have been named : — A. Usually a dark coronal mark. a. General coloiTr orange rufous, with much white on belly B. c. campeatris. h. General colour vinaceous rufous, with less white below B. c. natalensis, B. No dark coronal mark, at least in male. a. Auditory bulla small. a'. No dark nose-spot R. c. neumanni. h' . A dark nose-spot ... R. c. stigmaticus. h. Auditory bulla large R. c. capricornis. A.— Raphieerus campestris campestris. Ehaphiceros campestris tvpicus, Kirhy, Game Animals of Africa, p. 251, 1899. Typical locality South Africa. General colour orange rufous, with a large white area on the under-parts and relatively large white patches on the throat and round the eyes. 43. 12. 7. 24. Skin. South Africa ; collected by Verreaux. Purchased, 1843. 46. 8. 3. 44. Skull, with horns. South Africa ; same collector. Purchased, 1846. 46. 11. 20. 10. Skull, with horns, immature. South Africa. Purchased, 1846. 46. 11. 18. 28. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Purchased {Stevens), 1846. 776, g. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Beciueathed hy Gen. T. Hardivicke, 1835. 994, c. Skeleton, with horns. South Africa (?). Purchased {Zoologiccd Society). 1. 8. 5. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. IS'ear "Worcester, Cape Colony. Purchased, 1901. 2. 12. 1. 32. Skull and skin, immature female. Deel- fontein. Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. A. T. Sloggett, C.M.G., 1902. 2. 12. 1. 33. Skull and skin, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 3. 3. 6. 29, 30. Two young specimens, in spirit. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1903. 150 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4. 3. 1. 96. Skull, female. Fredefort Eoacl, Northern Orange Eiver Colony. Presented hy Major G. B. H. IJarrett- Hamilton, 1904. 3. 5. 10. 1. Skin, mounted. South Africa. Purchased, 1903. 4. 2. 2. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. Durban Eoad, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904. Fig. 15. — Front and Side Views of Skull of Steinbok {Raphicerus campestris). 4. 12. 3. 99. Skull, with horns, and skin. Umvolosi Valley, Zululand. Same collector. Same history. 4. 12. 3. 100, 101. Two skulls and skins, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 4. 12. 3. 102. Skull and skin, female, imperfect. Hlatwa district, Zululand. Same collector. Same history. 4. 12. 3. 120. Skull, with horns (fig. 15), and skin. Umvolosi. Same collector. Same history. NEOTRAOIN/E ir^i 4. 2. 3. 120. !Skull and skin, female. Klipfontein, Namaqualand. Same collector. Same history. 6. 11. 8. 142-144. Three skulls and skins (one female). Coguno, Inhambane, Zaluland. Same collector. Same history. B.— Raphicerus campestris natalensis. Rhaphiceros horstocki natalensis, Eothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237 ; Lijdekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 182, 1908. Typical locality Drakensberg district of Natal. Differs from typical race by its much darker colour, which is deep vinaceous rufous, and by the smaller size of the white patches on the throat and round the eyes and the extent of the white of the under-parts. 83. 7. 27. 2. Skull, with horns, provisionally referred to this race. Port Elizabeth ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1883. C— Raphicerus campestris neumanni. Pediotragus neumanni, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1894, p. 122, Sdugeth. Deiitsch-Ostafrika, p. 120, 1895. Raphicerus neumanni, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 47, 1895 ; Thomas and Schivann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 584'; Lonnberg, SjostedVs Kilimandjaro-Meru Exped., Mamm. p! 40, 1908 ; K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, art. 5, p. 153, 1912. Rhaphiceros campestris neumanni, Hunter, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 253, 1899; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 180, 1908. Nototragus neumanni, Boosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Typical locality Northern Ugogo, German East Africa. Type in Berlin Museum. Distinguished from typical race by the absence, at least in the male, of the dark coronal crescentic mark, the paler general colour, and the greater development of the white facial markings, which form complete rings round the eyes, are wider on the margins of the ears, more clearly defined on the chin, throat and inner sides of the limbs, and include the lips. The skull is slightly larger. 152 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The reference of some of the following specimens is provisional : — 89. 8. 3. 5. Skull, witli horns, and head-skin, immature. Between Kilimanjaro and coast. Presented hj H. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889. 89. 8. 3. 6. Skull, with horns. Same locahty. Same history. 92. 10. 18. 13. Skull, immature female. Kilimanjaro ; col- lected by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B. Purchased, 1892. 90. 6. 8. 34. Immature skin. District betw^een Equa- toria and Bagamaja ; collected by Dr. Emin, Pasha. Purchased, 1890. 0. 3. 27. 28, 29. Two skins. British East Africa. Presented hy the Lord Delarnere, 1900. 3. 6. 10. 3. Skin. Nedenit Valley, Lake Nakuru, British East Africa. Presented hy F. C. Scions, Esq., 1903. 4. 11. 5. 23. Skull, with horns. Nyeri, British East Africa. Presented hy Capt. B. Mcinertzhagen, 1904. 9. 5. 27 2. Skull, with horns. Mt. Kenia, British East Africa. Presented hy B. J. Cuninghame, Esq., 1909. 8. 9. 26. 3. Skin. Moshi Station, Kilimanjaro. Presented hy A. B. Perceval^ Esq., 1908. 0. 9. 3. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bondoni Hills, near Machakos, British East Africa. Presented hy B. Craushay, Esq., 1900. 1. 8. 9. 68. Skull and skin, female. Ravine Station, British East Africa. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 6. 1. 5. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kihmanjaro. Presented hy Major B. T. Bright, 1906. 3. 12. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ussangu, German East Africa. Presented hy F. Bussell Boherts, Esq., 1903. D.— Raphicerus campestris stig-maticus. Ehaphiceros neumanni stigmaticus, Lonnherg, Sjostedfs Kilimand- jaro-Meru Exi)ed., Mamm. p. 40, 1908. Typical locality Kilimanjaro. Type in Swedish Zoological Museum. NEOTK'ACIN.K 153 Differs from neumanni by presence of a dark Ijrown triangular spot on nose, contrasting strongly ^vith rufous of face. Further evidence is required to show whether this feature is constant, although there are stated to Ije distinctive characters in tlie skull. E.— Raphieerus campestris capricornis. Raphicerus neumanni capricornis, Thomas and Scliiuann, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 584. Rhaphiceros campestris capricornis, Lydehker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908. Typical locality Klein Letaba, Transvaal. Distinguished from the East African race by the larger auditory bullae and rather longer nasals ; slight traces of the dark coronal mark of the typical race persist in the female. 5. 12. 9. 78. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klein Letaba, north-eastern Transvaal ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Type. Presented hij C. D. Rudcl, Esq., 1905. 5. 12. 9. 79. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 97. 8. 25. 1-3. Three skulls, with horns, one immature, provisionally referred to this race. Enkeldoorn, Mashona- land. Presented hy J. ffoliott rJarling, Esq., 1897. The following form, if distinct, may indicate another race of this species : — Pediotragus kelleni, JcntinJc, Notes Ley den Mus. vol. xxii, p. 41, 1900 ; Sclater and TJiomas, Bool' of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 225, 1900. Typical locality, Cuneni Yalley, Mossamedes. Known by two skulls in the Leyden Museum. II. EAPHICEEUS SHAKPEI. Ilaphiceros sharpei, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 796, pi. xxxix ; Chubh, Proc. Rhodesia Scient. Assoc, vol. vii, p. 30, 1908 ; Hamilton, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1913, p. 639. Rhaphiceros sharpei, Brydcn, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 251, 1899 ; LydcJiker, Game Animals of Africa, p. ISO, 1908; Ward, Bccords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 187, 1910. Raphieerus sharpei, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 225, 1890; Thomas and Schivann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 583. 154 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Typical locality southern Angonilaud. A species with feet like those of B. campcstris and a white-speckled coat similar to that of R. melanotis. Size much the same as in camjjcstris. General colour rich tawny rufous, brighter than in cconjjestris or melanotis, l)ut white hairs intermingled with the dark ones ; muzzle brown above, darkest in middle line but without sharply defined nose-patch ; sides of muzzle dirty white ; cheeks and sides of neck fawn ; crown with crescentic mark ; ears large, thinly haired at back, the hairs mostly white, but black on margins ; under-parts and limbs as in campestris ; tail short, above like back, white below. The distributional area extends from Nyasaland through Mashonaland to the north-eastern Transvaal. The two local races are characterised as follows : — a. Feet and bullae small B. s. sharjjei. b. Feet and bull^ larger B. s. colonicus. A. — Raphicepus sharpei sharpei. Typical locality southern Angoniland. Feet and auditory bulla relatively small ; general colour without distinct purplish tinge ; under-parts white or whitish, with very slight tinge of buff. 96. 10. 26. 3. Skin. Southern Angoniland. Type. Presented hj Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., CM., 189G. 0. 5. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. West of Lake Mweru, North-west Ehodesia. Same history. 1. 4. 27. 11. Skin, female. Nyasaland. Presented hy Lieut. -Col. Manning, 1901. 1. 6. 26. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Inpimbi, Nyasaland. Same history. 1. 6. 26. 5. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 5. 1. 29. 1. Skull and skin, female, lihodesia. Presented hy Capt. J. B. Diinhar, 1905. 5. 11. 14. 1. Skin, mounted. ISfear junction of Lien with Zambesi, Portuguese East Africa. Presented hy Monsieur L. de Fries, 1905. NEOTKAOIXyE 155 B.— Raphicerus sharpei colonicus. Eaphicerus sharpei colonicus, Thomas and Schwann, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 583. Ehapbiceros sharpei colonicus, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 180, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 187, 1910. Typical locality Kleiu Letalja, Transvaal. Feet longer than in typical race ; general colour richer with a more distinct purplish tinge, and the white hairs more numerous ; under-parts, including throat, purplish hufl', with the bounding line indistinct on sides of belly ; auditory buU^ larger. Basal length of skull 4-i-V (112 mm.), maximum width 2-fg (64 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 2y\ (59 mm.); length of tail 3 (76 mm.), of hind-foot without hoof 7| inches (195 mm.). 5. 12. 9. 81. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klein Letaba, north-eastern Transvaal; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Type. Presented hy C. D. Rudcl, Esq., 1905. 5. 12. 9. 80. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. 8. 4. 3. 1. Skull and skin, female. Tette, Zambesia. Same collector. Same donor, 1908. 2. Subgenus NOTOTRAGUS. Nototragus, Thomas and ScMuann, Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 10 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. Grysbock, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. Distinguished from Eaphicerus by the retention of lateral hoofs. III. EAPHICEROS (NOTOTRAGUS) MELANOTIS. Antilope melanotis, Thiinherg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersh. vol. iii, p. 312, 1811 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Uxisal. vol. vii, pp. 257 and 262, 1815 ; Goldfiiss, Schreher's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1235, 1818 ; Desniarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 459, 1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 376, 1827; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xii, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 465, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 82, 1832; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868; Watcrhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 42, 1838 ; Oken, AUgcmeine Natur- 156 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES gescli. vol. vii, p. 1363, 1838; Lmirillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat, vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Wagner, Schrebei'^s Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 438, 1844, vol. v, p. 411, 1855 ; Schinz, Synojp. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 413, 1845 ; Peters, Eeise nacli Mossamhique, Sdiigetli. p. 187, 1852; Giehel, Sdugethiere, p. 318, 1855 ; Huet, Bull.' Soc, Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 488, 1887. Antilope tragulus melanotis, Liclitenstein, Mag. nat. Freiinde, vol. vi, p. 176, 1814 ; Forster, Desci'ip. Anim. p. 375, 1844. Antilope grisea, Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 244, 1816; BiircheUy List Mamm. presented to Brit. Miis. p. 6, 1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 250, vol. v, p. 341, 1827 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tahl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; nee Boddaert. Ceropliorus (Cervicapra) grisea, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Antilope rnbro-albescens, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822. Tragulus melanotis, A. Smith, S. Afriean Quart. Joiirn. vol. ii, p. 213, 1834; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxvii, fig. 2, 1840. Tragelaphus melanotis, Riippell, Verzeichniss Mus. SencTicnherg. p. 37, 1842. Oreotragus griseus, G-ray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843. Calotragus melanotis, SundevaU, K. Svensha Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 192, 1846; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 136, 1851, Knoiusley Menagerie, p. 7, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1850, p. 118, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 72, 1852, Cat. Rmninants Brit. Mus. p. 19, 1872, Hand- List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Gidne, p. 192, 1855 ; Layai'd, Cat. S. Afriean Mus. p. 70, 1861 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 235, 1862 ; Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soe. Bengal, p. 166, 1863; Fitzinqer, Sitzher. h. ATi. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869 ; JentlnTi, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {pp. cit. vol. xi) p. 159, 1892; Mat- scliie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 120, 1895. Nanotragus melanotis, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Selous, ibid. 1881, p. 627, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 222, 1881 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 300, 1889 ; W. L. Selater, Cat. Mamm. Lid. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891 ; Floiver and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 33, 1891 ; Nieolls and Egling- ton, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 26, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 219, 1893 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60, 1895. Neotragus melanotis, Selater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 145, 1883, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 520; Rendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361. Eaphicerus melanotis, Selater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 35, pi. xxvii, fig. 2, 1895 ; W. L. Selater, Fauna S. Afo-ica, Mamm. vol. i, p. 176, 1900. Rhaphiceros melanotis, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 249, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 184, 1910. NEOTKACIN.K 157 Nototragus melanotis, Thomas and Schwann, Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 10 ; Pococl; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882. Grysbock melanotis, Knot tncrus- Meyer, Arch. Naturgcsch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907. The following' names have been applied to albinistio varieties of this or other species of the genus : — Antilope tragulus pallida, Liclitenstcin, Mag. nat. Frcundc, vol. vi, p. 177, 1814; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 876, 1844. Antilope pediotragus, J A'f'?«?^, E>>q., 1886. 99. 12. 28. 3-4. Two female skulls and skins, one immature. Somaliland. Presented hy C. V. A. Peel, Esq., 1899. 0. 3. 27. 24-25. Skull, with horns, and two skins. Sayer Valley, near Gessima, Somaliland. Presented hy the Lord Dclamcre, 1900. 94. 2. 21. 12-13. Two skins. Berbera. Presented hy lAeut.-Col. H. G. C. Sujayne, 1894. 95. 10. 17. 1. Skeleton, with horns, mounted, and liead- skin. Berbera. Presented hy Ccq^t. T. Cox, 1895. 95. 10. 17. 2-3. Two skeletons, with horns, and head- skins. Same locality. Same history. 5. 11. 5. 8-9. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Khansa Jungle, Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. R. E. DraTie-Brochman, 1905 10. 10. 3. 35-36. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Golis Foot-hills, Somaliland. Purchased, 1910. 10. 10. 3. 37. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 85. 11. 16. 3. Skull, with horns, and (?) skin. Gerbatir, northern Somaliland ; collected by Herr J. Menges. Purchased, 1885. B.— Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis. Madoqua harrarensis, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 87 ; Lydehker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 190, 1908. Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis, Dralic-BrocTxman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 979, pi. Iv, fig. 2. Typical locality Harrar, Abyssinia. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. Hair longer and coat rougher than in typical race ; back darker, so as to appear deep reddish brown in life, the neck alone being grizzled grey. In the original description this race (species) is stated to resemble 31. j)- l^hillipsi in the uniformly rufous flanks, but to differ by the absence of the N 2 180 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES ashy grey and dark brown grizzling of the hairs of the back, the tips of which are alone ringed with isabelline rufous and dark brown, so that the whole tone of the back is rufous fawn. Drake-Brockman, in comparing this race with the typical phillijysi, observes that it is darker, " and in its wild state looks of a dark red-brown colour." 4. 5. 9. 31. Skull and skin, female. Harrar. Presented hy Major H. N. Dunn, 1904. Fig. 20. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Harrar Race of Phillips' Dik-Dik {Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis). 4. 5. 9. 32. Skin 6. 11. 1. 69. collected by Mr. P. 2. 48. Thirty-five miles east of Harrar. Same history. Skull, with horns, and skin. Harrar ; Japhirci . Presented hy W. N. MeMillan, Esq., 1906. Skin, imperfect. Between Harrar and 11. 8. Jig-jigga. Presented hy Dr. B. E. DraJce-Brockman, 1911. 11. 8. 2. 52. Skin, imperfect. Daggar, near Jig-jigga. Sa7iie history. 0. 3. 3. 25. Skull, female. Abyssinia. Presented hy the Lord Loxat, 1900. MADOQUIN.E 181 96. 10. 8. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. South of the Hand, Soinaliland. Presented hj Capt. G. L. F. Leathes, 1896. 96. 10. 8. :'). Skull and skin, immature female. Same locality. Same history. 94 4. 0. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 20), and skins. ]\lihnil, Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. Donaldson Smith, 1904. C— Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis, Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis, Drake-Brockman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. iv, p. 49, 1909, Mamm. Somali, p. 68, 1910, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 479, pi. Iv, fig. 1. Typical locality Hul Gabobai, Golis Foothills, thirty-five miles south of Berbera, Somaliland. Hair shorter and scantier, and coat sleeker than in typical race ; general colour grizzled grey, with only a narrow rufous flank-band. 9. 6. 1. 52. Skin. Hul Gabobai. Type. Presented ly Dr. P. E. Drake- Brochman, 1909. 94. 2. 21. 31. Skin. Berbera. Presented ly Licat.-Col. H. G. C. Swayne, 1894. 98. 6. 9. 16. Skull, with horns, and skin. Aractais, Somaliland. Presented hy E. McD. Haioker, Esq., 1898. 10. 10. 3. 38-40. Three skulls, with horns, and skins, two immature. Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. II. E. Drake-Prochnan, 1910. 10. 10. 3. 41-43. Three skulls and skins, female, one immature. Somaliland. Same history. 11. 8. 2. 49. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bulbar, Somaliland. Same donor, 1911. 11. 8. 2. 50. Skull, w^ith horns, and skin. Eil Gori, twenty miles north of Zeila, Somaliland. Same history. The folloioing specimens may indicate another race of the present species: — 11. 8. 9. 21-30. Ten skulls, with horns, and skins. Ed Hur, near Obbia, Italian Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. P. E. Drake-Brockman, 1911. 182 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 11. 8. 0. 31-32. Two skulls, with liorns, and skins, immature. Same locality. Same history. 11. 8. 9. 33-41. ICight skulls and skins, female, some immature. Same locality. Same history. y. MADOQUA EKLANGEEI. Madoqua erlangeri, O. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. naf. Freunde, 1905, p. 88 ; Lonnberg, Avliiv Zool. vol. iv, No. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; LydeM-er, Game Animals of Africa, p. 190, 1908. Ehynchotragus erlangeri, Dralie-Brocliman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 983, errorim. Typical locality Ennia Gallaland, at Sheik Hussein, on the left bank of the A¥ebi Eiver. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. A small form, apparently inferior in . size to M. svaynci, described as similar in dorsal colouring to M. j^^^H^ipsi harrarensis, but with the flanks rufous grey in place of rufous, owing to the hairs being red only at the tips or ringed with bright rufous and dark ; colour of back passing gradually into that of flanks ; legs dark rufous ; head rufous, without grizzling. In general appearance this dik-dik is compared to a highly rufous M. swaynei. No specimen in collection. YI. MADOQUA COEDEAUXI. Madoqua cordeauxi, Dralie-Bj-ochman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. iv, p. 49, 1909. Rhynchotragus cordeauxi, DraJiC-Brocl-man, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 983, errorim. Typical locality near Dini Dawa, in the Dinikil district of Abyssinia. Somewhat smaller than 31. saltiana, but lartjer than the other Somali members of typical subgenus ; shoulder-height about 13 inches. Darkish grey grizzling extending on to shoulders, flanks, and hind-quarters ; back suffused with reddish fawn ; chest somewhat reddish buff, this colour extending but little on throat, in this respect differing markedly from M. phillipsi ; legs similar to those of that MADOQUIN^ 183 species, but daiker towards shoulders and liauuclies ; crest dull rufous, grizzled with yellow, rufous, and black in front. Basal length of skull 3^^ inches (90 mm.), maximum width 2J inches (53 mm.). 0. G. 1. 50. Skull, with horns, and skin. Dirri Dawa, Abyssinia. Type. Presented Ijj Dr. E. E. Drakc-Brochnan, 1909. 9. 6. 1. 49. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same histori/. 9, G. 1. 51. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same liidonj. 2. Subgenus RHYNCHOTRAGUS. Rhynchotragus, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 88. Last lower molar with a hind (third) lobe, which may, however, be A^ery small ; upper line of premaxillse S-shaped ; nasals shorter than in typical subgenus ; proboscis strongly developed. Typically the colouring of the back not separated from that of the head by a third colour. The distributional area is co-extensive with that of the subfamily. The following is a tentative key to the species of the group :— A. Nasals medium, their tips on a level with front edge of anterior premolars, and distant about lf\ inches from tips of premaxilke. a. Size large. a'. Nasals moderately broad M. damarcnsis. b'. Nasals broader M. cavendishi. h. Size smaller. a' . Back yellowish grey or bright grizzled fulvous M. Jcirli. //. Back bright rufous tawny M. tliomasi. B. Nasals shorter, their tips about on level with hind border of penultimate premolar, and distant about !« inches from tips of pre- maxilhe (in gucntheri). a. Face uniformly coloured ; nasals moderately short M. gucnth cri. h. Lower part of face profusely spotted with white; nasals very short 71/. nasoguttata. 184 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES VII. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTEAGUS) DAMAEENSIS. Neotragus daniiirensis, Giintlier, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1880, p. 20 ; Floiuer arid LydeJcker, Study of Mammals, p. 338, 1891 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 215, 1893. Cephalophus hemprichianus, Jentinh, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 172, 1887. Nanotragus damarensis, Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 56, 1902. Madoqua damarensis, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 329 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 79, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. voL i, p. 182, 1900; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 175, 1910. Rhynchotragus damarensis, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freicnde,* 1905, p. 8. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) damarensis, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 191, 1908. Typical locality Dainaraland. Imperfectly known. Size relatively large. General colour greyish on crown and middle line of back, pale rufous, or buffish cinnamon, on backs of ears, flanks, and legs ; crest mixed with black ; skull apparently very similar to that of M. kirki, but perhaps larger.! Maximum width of skull (female) . 2-j-^g inches (55 mm.) ; length from front of orbit to tip of muzzle 2^ (57 mm.) ; do. from back of orbit to same 3-j-^g inches (87 mm.). The ranoje includes southern Ani^ola. The two races are distinguished as follows : — A. Colour duller ; under-parts white M. d. damarensis. B. Colour brighter ; under-parts buffish cinnamon M. d. variant A.— Madoqua damarensis damarensis. Typical locality Damaraland. General colour-tone dull ; under-parts white. 79.12.25.1. Skull and skin, female. Omaruru, Damara- land. Type. Purchased, 1879. * Although Neumann does not actually use this name, he includes all the members of the kirki group of Thomas {P.Z.S. 1894) in Rhynchotragus. Lonnberg appears somewhat confused, as he includes damarensis in Madoqua and yet refers to it as a member of one of the groups of Rhynchotragus. t Described from a female specimen, which would be larger than a male skull. MADOQUINyE 185 B. Madoqua damarensis variani. Rhynchotragiis damarensis variani, Drakc-Brockman, Ann. Mag. Nat, Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 481, 1918. Typical locality Lobito, Angola. General colour Ijrigbter ; pale buffisli cinnamon of flanks extending on to cbest and abdomen, instead of passing tbere into white ; grizzling of back and of bases of long crest-hairs darker. 13. 11. 5. 1. Skin. Lobito, Angola. Type. Presented hj H. F. Vctrian, Esq., 1913. 0. 11. 12. 1. Skin, young. Coporole Valley, Angola. Paratype. Presented hy G. W. Penrice, Esq., 1900. VIII. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTEAGUS) CAVENDISHI. Madoqua cavendishi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1898, p. 278 ; LydeJiker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899. Rhvnchotragus cavendishi, Lonnherg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2^ ^ 1907. Madoqua (Ehynchotragus) cavendishi, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p."' 193, 1908. Madoqua langi, Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. xxvi, p. 153, 1909; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Sujojpl. p. 10, 1911. Typical locality Lake Rudolf district. Typically the size fully as large as (if not larger than) that of M. damarensis. Xasals broader than those of the latter, and also differing somewhat in shape ; nasal aperture large, wider and higher than in either damarensis or Idrki ; premaxillte not touching each other in the middle line above (as they do in type of damarensis), and reaching posteriorly to nasals, with wdiich they articulate broadly. General colour typically dark fawn (much darker than iu damarensis) on anterior part of back, becoming greyer (by the loss of tlie fulvous suffusion) posteriorly, and passing into ashy grey on sides of buttocks ; shoulders, an ill-defined line on flanks, and fronts of legs sandy rufous ; hairs of crest suffused throughout with dull fulvous. For skull-dimensions, see below. 186 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The species Las been divided into tlie two following races : — A. Size large M. c. cavendisJii. B. Size smaller M. c. minor. A.— Madoqua cavendishi cavendishi. Typical locality Lake Eudolf district. Size large. General characters those given under head of species. Basal length of immature male skull 4| inches Fig. 21. — Front and Side View of Skull and Horns op Cavendish's DiK-DiK [Madoqua [Rhynchotragtis] cavendishi). (103 • 5 mm.) ; maximum width 2^ inches (58 mm.) ; length from orbit to tip of premaxilla 2-^^ inches (58 mm.).* 98. 4. 28. 4. Skull, retaining milk dentition, with liorns, and skin. Lake Paidolf district, British East Africa. Type. Presented hy H. S. H. Caxendish, Esq., 1898. 4. 6. 5. 3-4. Two skulls and skins, female, one immature. * These dimensions are about equal to those of the tjpe adult female skull of M. damarensis. MADOQUIN.K 187 Lake Elineuteita di.sliict, JiiiLisli East Africa. T(>po-ty[»es of M. langi. Presented hj Sir F. J. Jodson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1904. 99. 2. 3. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Laiijoro, Atlii Valley, British East Africa. Frrscnttd hij the Lord Delaiaerc, 11S99. 2. 4. 5. 0. Skull, female. Kedoiig A'alley, British East Africa. Presented hy C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902. 2. 4. 5. 7. Skull, immature, female. Ngomini, British East Africa. Same history. 9. 6. 30. 1. Skull, with horns (fig. 21), and skin. Ituri Eorest, Congo. Presented hy G. G. Lonydcn, P>^q., 1909. B.— Madoqua cavendishi minor. Uliynchotragus cavendishi minor, Lonnbsrg, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. ix, p. 65, 1912, K. Svetiska Vet. -Ah. Handl.xol. xhiii, no. 5, p. 158, 1912. Typical locality Guaso-nyiro A'alley, below Chanler's Palis, British East Africa. Size considerably smaller than in typical race. General colour grizzled yellowish grey, with dark brown tips and huffish yellow subterminal rings to the hairs ; neck paler (less yellow) grey with whitish rings to hairs ; flanks less grizzled and paler than Ijack ; hind part of buttocks aud caudal region ashy grey ; under-parts suffused with huffish, but middle of belly, like inner sides of hind-legs, white ; legs and middle of face fulvous buff; sides of face paler; eye- mark conspicuous. Basal length of skull 3-]-^— 3J inches (92-94 mm.); maximum width 2-2-^^^ (50-54 mm.); length of upper series of cheek-teeth about 1|- inches (34-35 mm.). 12. 11. 21. 1. Head, mounted. Guaso-nyiro Valley, east of Chanler's Ealls, British East Africa. Presented hy F. C. Scions, Esq., 1912. 12.11.21.2. Head-skin. Same locality. Same history. IX. MADOQUA (BHYXCHOTlfAGUS) KIBKI. Neotragu3 kirki, GilntJicr, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1880, p. 17 ; Thomas, ibid. 1885, p. 222; Johnston, Kilimanjaro, p. o55, 1860; Hunter, Willoughhifs Big Game of E. Africa, p. 290, 1889; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mainm. TiuJ. Mus. pt. ii, p. 166, 1891 ; Flotinr 188 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES and LydeJcJce?', Study of Mammals, p. 338, 1891; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 79, 1892 ; LydeMer; Horns and Hoofs, p. 215, 1893 ; JacJison, Big Game Shooting {Badminton Lihr.), voL i, pp. 285 and 310, 1894; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutscli-Ostafrika^ p. 118, 1895. Madoqua kirki, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 328 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, voL ii, p. 83, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Ga^ne of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; Drahe-Brockman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 71, 1910; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 174, 1910. Ehynchotragus kirki, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. voL iv. no. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Drake-Brockman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 983. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) kirki, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908. Typical locality Brava, Italian Somaliland. Typically, at any rate, smaller tlian either of the two preceding species. Proboscis not excessively elongated, nor nasals excessively shortened ; tip of nasals about on level of front edge of anterior premolar, and separated by an interval of about l-j\ inclies (32 mm.), from tips of premaxilla? ; nasal aperture of skull, as compared with that oH cavendishi, small, and nasals narrower ; general colour ranging from coarsely grizzled yellowish grey or greyish faw^n to bright grizzled fulvous, with rufous on sides of neck ; limbs rufous, of varying intensity, or deep reddish fulvous. For skull- dimensions, see below, where the distinctive characteristics of the two races are given. The range extends from Somaliland to British East Africa and Kilimanjaro. Three races, distinguished as follows, have been de- scribed : — A. Size smaller M. k. kirki. B. Size larger. a. Colour darker M. k. hindei. h. Colour lighter M. k. nyikct. A.— Madoqua kirki kirki. Madoqua kirki typica, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908. Typical locality Brava, Italian Somaliland. Size relatively small ; general colour of back dull yellowish grey ; limbs rufous, of varying shade. Basal MADOQUIX.4% 189 loiigtli of skull oj Indies (95 mm.), maximum widtli l|f; (48 • 5 mm.) ; length from muzzle to orbit 2 (50 mm.) ; do. to tip of nasals IJ inches (32 mm.). 79. 12. 18. 2. Head, mounted, and skull, lirava, Italian Somaliland. T3^pe. Presented hj 8ir John Kirk, G.G.M.G., K.CJJ., 1879. 79. 12. 18. ]. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Co-type. Jhirchasecl, 1879. 81. 9. 22. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Manda, Lamu, British East Africa. Fi/rchased, 1881. 81. 9. 22, 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Sa7ne history. 87. 3. 9. 5. Skull, with horns. Lamu. Presented hi/ J. G. Haggard, Esq., 1887. 89. 8. 3. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Foot of Mount Kilimanjaro, East Africa. Presented hy H. G. V. Hunter, Esc^, 1889. 89. 8. 3. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality. Same history. 99. 11. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Kismayu, Jubaland, East Africa. Presented hy Major E. J. Harrison, 1899. 13. 8. 2. 4-5. Two skulls and skins, male and female. Jubalaud. Presented hy I. N. Dreteopoli, Esq., 1913. B.— Madoqua kirki nyikse. Rhynchotragus kirki nyikse, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 3, p. 3, 1913. Typical locality Ndi, near A'oi, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. Very similar to, but larger than, typical race, equalling in this respect hindei, from which it differs by its lighter colour ; the back being ochre-tawny, passing into buff on flanks, and into white l)eueath. A vermiculation on back produced by dusky rings on the hairs. No specimen in the collection has been definitely referred to this race. 190 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES C— Madoqua kirki hindei. \l adoqua kirki hindei, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. x, p. 242, 1902 ; Lydel-ker, Ga?ne Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908. Rhynchotragus hindei, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Gcs. nat.Freunde, 1905,, p. 89. Rhynchotragus kirki hindei, Lonnberg, ArJciv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3^ p. 2, 1907. Typical locality Kitui district, British East Africa. Rather larger than the typical race. General colour more fulvous, especially the middle line of the back, which is bright grizzled fulvous ; legs deep reddish fulvous ; white eye-markings distinct ; long crest-hairs deep reddish fulvous, with black tips ; outer side of front margins of ears edged with black. Nasals more bent down and laterally com- pressed than in typical race, with a short articulation to upper ends of premaxillffi. The following dimensions, in millimetres, are given by Thomas of the type female skull : — greatest length 109 ; zygomatic width 53' 5; length from tip of muzzle to tip of nasals 34; nasals 18*7 x 16; muzzle to orbit 52*5; width of brain-case 43 • 7 ; muzzle to front of anterior premolar 24. 0. 9. 4. 2. Skull and skin, female. Kitui district, British East Africa. Type. Presented hij S. L. Hiiide, Esq., 1900. 98. 10. 28. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Machakos, British East Africa. Same donor, 1898. 98. 1. 5. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tsavo Valley, Machakos. Same history. 10. 1. 15. 1-3. Three skulls, with horns, and skins. Tsavo, Taru Desert, British East Africa. Same donor, 1910. 10. 1. 15. 4. Skin. Same locality. Same history. 4. 2. 19. 1. Skin. North of AthiEiver, Ukamba, British East Africa. Presented hy Dr. B. E. Drake-Brochnan, 1904. 4. 6. 5. 5. Skin, female. Simba Valley, British East Africa. Presented hy Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1904. 4. 6. 5. 6. Skull and skin, immature. Same locality. Same history. MADOQUIXiE 191 X. MADOQUA (RHYNCHOTUAGUS) THOMASI. Ehynchotragus tliomasi, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 89 ; Lonnhei-g, Arldv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907. Madoqua (Rhynchotrafrus) thoniasi, Lydehker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908. Typical locality Uniamwesi district, to tlie south of the Victoria Nyanza ; the range also extending into Masailand. Type in the collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. Described as being closely related to M. hirkl liindei, but distinguished by the more uniformly rufous tawny of the whole of the upper-parts ; only the middle line of the back being dark rufous in the latter, while the sides are olive or fulvous. Hairs of back ringed near tips with red and black ; but the black disappearing on the sides, so that hairs of shoulders and flanks are wholly rufous ; head also uniformly rufous, except on occiput, where black-tipped hairs make their appearance. Of this duiker, which may be only a race of Icirki, there are no specimens in the collection. XI. MADOQUA (RHYXCHOTEAGUS) GUEXTHERI. Madoqua guentlieri, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Sac. 1894, p. 324, 1900, p. 804 ; Hoy OS, Zu den Aulihan, p. 185, 1895 ; Swayne, Seventeen Trips to Somaliland, p. 318, 1695 ; Thomas and Sclater, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 89, pi. xxxi, fig. 1, 1895 ; Elliot, Field Mas. Zool. Pah. vol. i, p. 117, 1897 ; Lydekher, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 172, 1910. Rhynchotragus guentheri, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 88 ; Lonnherg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Drake-Brockman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 72, 1910, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 982. Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) guentheri, Lydekkcr, Game Animals of Africa, p.' 193, 1908. Typical locality Ogaden, Somaliland. The type of RhyncJiotragus. Typically, the size of M. hirJd, with the proboscis much elongated and the nasals extremely short ; tip of nasals about on level with hind margin of penultimate premolar, and separated by an interval of about If inches (41 mm.) from 192 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES the tip of the premaxillse ; the latter bones short and widely separated from nasals (with which they articulate in M. kirki hindei) ; general colour, in typical race, coarsely grizzled greyish fawn, much as in Kilimanjaro examples of M. kirki ; no rufous on flanks, and that on limbs very dull ; crest much mingled with black; backs of ears greyish fawn. For skull- measurements, see below. The range of the species extends from Somaliland and Oallaland to British East Africa. The three races are distinguished as follows : — A. Size relatively small. a. Under-parts pale pinkish buff M. g. guentheri. h. Under-parts white M- 9' wroughtoni. B. Size considerably larger M. g. smithi. The third race presents much the same relation to the first as is borne by 3L cavcndisJii to M. kirki. A.— Madoqua gruentheri g-uentheri. Typical locality Ogaden, Somaliland. Size relatively small. Colour as described above. Basal length of skull 3-}-| inches (96 mm.),* maximum width 2| (53 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 2-^^^ (51 mm.), do. from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillae If inches (41-5 mm.). 94. 2. 21. 18. Skull, female. Central Ogaden, Somali- land ; collected by Lieut.-Col. H. G. C. Swayne. Type. Presented hy Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1894. 94. 2. 21. 16-17. Two skins. Same locality and collector. Secme history. 86. 11. 19. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Central Somaliland. Presented hy E. Lort Phillij^s, Esq., 1886. 96. 10. 8. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kurrimangi, Somaliland. Presented hy Co/pt. G. L. F. Leeithes, 1896. 96. 10. 8. 5. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 99. 12. 28. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. AYardare, Somaliland. Presented hy G. V. A. Peel, Esq., 1899. * Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 804 : smaller dimensions are given in the Book of AiiteJojyes. MADOQUIN.E 1^^'^ 99. 12. 28. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same historij. 9G. G. 23. 1. Skin, ni.nmted, and fskidl. Somaliland. Presented hj Major F. H. G. Foiu ell- Cotton, 1896. 96. 6. 2:3. 1. Skin, female, mounted. Same locality. Same history. 4. 5. 9. 3. Skull and skin, female. Gerbergi, Somali- land, rrcscnted hj Major H. N. Dunn, 1904. 9 1, 40-42. Three skulls and skin, female, one immature. Dawa Valley, British East Africa. Presented hy Vr. P. E. Drake-Brochman, 1906. 11. 8. 2. 42-47. Six imperfect skins. Mogadishu, Italian Somaliland. Same, donor, 1911. 0. 3. 17. 26. Skull, ^vith horns. No locality. Presented hy the Lord Delamere, 1900. 95. 10. 13. 1. Skull, with horns. Jug Fafan, south- western central Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. P. B. Christie, 1895. B.— Madoqua g-uentheri wroughtoni. Ehvnchotragus guentheri wroughtoni, Drake-Brochman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. sef. 8, vol. iv, p. 51, 1909, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 984 ; Lonnherg, K. SvensJia Vet.-Ak. Hancll. vol. xlvm, no. 5, p. loo, 1912. Typical locality Wehi Valley, Gallaland. Size approximately that of typical race, but general colour dark grizzled yellowish, fading only slightly as it extends on to shoulders, flanks, and haunches, although ending abruptly on under-parts, where the chest and abdomen are white, instead of the grizzled area fading somewhat gradually into the pale pinkish buft^ of the chest and abdomen as in M. y. guentheri; crest, muzzle, and legs rather darker than in latter; ears broader and larger than in any other duiker except M. cavendishi, to which this race presents a superficial resemblance. Basal length of skull 3^ inches (95 mm.); maximum width 2| inches (55 mm.). 9. 6. 1. 39. Skull, with horns, and skin. ^Mount Al)U-el- Kassim, north bank of Webi Eiver, Gallaland. Type. Presented hy Dr. P. E. Dralr-Brochnan, 1909. II. 194: CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 0. 3. 27. 27. Skull, with horns, and skm. Layer Valley, near Gewima, British East Africa. Presented hy the Lord Delamerc, 1900. 0. 3. 27. 24. Skull and (?) skin, immature Same locality. Same history. C— Madoqua g-uentheri smithi. Madoqua guentheri smithi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 804 ; Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 194, 1908. Ehvnchotragus guentheri smithi, Lonnherg, ArTiiv Zool. vol. iv, "^ no. 3, p. 2, 1907. Typical locality Lake Stephanie district. Known by the skull and head-skin, the former of which is much larger and stouter than that of the typical race ; basal length 4^^ inches (102-5 mm.); maximum width 2^^- (59 mm.); length from tip of premaxill?e to orbit 2j^g inches (59 mm.). 0. 11. 7. 13. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. South- east of Lake Stephanie. Type. Presented hy Dr. Donaldson Smith, 1900. XII. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTRAGUS) NASOGUTTATA. Madoqua (Ehynchotragus) nasoguttatus, Lonnherg, ArMv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 1, 1907. Madoqua (Eh^Tichotragus) nasoguttata, LydeJcJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p!^ 194, 1908. Ehynchotragus nasoguttatus, Lonnherg, ArJciv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 7, 1907; Dral-e-Brochnan, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 978. Typical locality Lake Baringo district, British East Africa. Nearly allied to M. guentheri, but with still shorter nasals (12 X 14 mm.) ; upper row of cheek-teeth relatively long, measuring 37 mm., or the same as in the much larger 3L g. smithi (the corresponding measurement in typical guentheri being 33 mm.). General colour grizzled grey; face pale rufous, brighter on forehead, profusely spotted on lower half with white. Drake-Brockman {loc. cit.) suggested, from the analogy of M. Jcirki, that the white nose-spots, on which this MADOQUIN^. 195 species was founded, might prove to be incousLant ; but the under-mentioued specimens tend to indicate their constancy. 10. 12. 19. 83-84. Two skulls, with liorns, and skins. Lake Baringo district ; collected by Mr. E. Kemp. Presented hy C. D. Ritdd, Esq., 1910. 10. 12. 19. 85-8G. Two skulls and skins, female, one immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. II. Genus DORCOTRAGUS. Dorcotragus, Noaclc, Zool. Anz. 1894, p. 202; Elliot, Field Mus. Zool. Pub. vol. i, p. 135, 1897; Sclaier and TJiomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iii, p. 241, 1898 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1910, p. 878. Dorcatragus, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 949, 1898, et auc- torum alterum. Size somewhat larger than in Madoqua ; females apparently not bigger than males ; muzzle normal, with a small naked area ; crown of head not tufted ; ears very large ; no face- glands ; tail short; hoofs short with pads on supporting surface ; minute lateral hoofs present ; heel- tie in the form of a double fold, of which the front one projects as a kind of ridge ; horns of males longer than skull. Skull short and broad, with relatively short nasals and long premaxillae, small and shallow lachrymal pits, and inflated auditory bulhie. The distribution is restricted to the mountains of Somali - land and part of Abyssinia. Placed by Sclater and Thomas in the Antilojnnce, this genus was associated with Madoqua as a separate subfamily in 1910 by Pocock, who considers that the foot-glands are essentially of the dik-dik type. A superficial resemblance of the feet of the beira to those of goats and sheep is an adaptation to a mountain life. DOECOTRAGUS MEGALOTIS. Oreotragus megalotis, Menges, Zool. Anz. 1894, p. 131. Dorcotragus megalotis, Noacli, Zool. Anz. 1894, p, 202 ; Ellict, Field Mus. Zool. Pub. vol. i, p. 135, 1897 ; Sclater and TJiomas, Book of Antelojjes, vol. iii, p. 241, pi. Ixxv, 1898 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 377, 1899, Game Animals 2 196 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES of Africa, p. 278, 1908; de Poncins, Great and Sinall Game of Africa, p. 377, 1899 ; Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 474, 1902; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 878. Dorcatragus megalotis, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 949, 1894; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 169, 1910 ; Drake- Brochman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 65, 1910. Beira, or Baira. Typical locality Somaliland, to which country, together with part of Abyssinia, the species is confined. Size approximately that of a grysbok ; shoulder-height about 20 inches. General colour purplish grey grizzled with Fig. 22. — Feoxt and Side Views of Skull and Hoens op THE Beira {Dorcatragus megalotis). white, which forms the extreme tips of the hairs ; a narrow dark flank-band separating the grey area from the yellowish or orange fawn of under-parts, which extends on to outer surfaces of thighs and upper part of legs, the remainder of the latter being darker fulvous ; head bright fulvous, in MADOQUIN.E ^^^ marked contrast to the grey of the neck, with a white ring round each eye ; tail coloured throughout like back. Basal length of skull 4^ inches (111 mm.), maximum width :'.••- (85 mm.), length from muzzle to orlnt 3^ inches (82 mm.). 1)4. 9. 27. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Somaliland ; collected by Herr J. Menges. Purchased, 1894. 94. 9. 27. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. '^'^"'^^ history. 94. 4. 14. 1-2. Two skins and frontlet, with horns. Same locality and collector. '^«»i« history. 7. 4. 19. 1. Head, mounted, female. Somaliland. Presented hy F. M. Ransford, Esq. 99. 2. 11. G. Skull, with horns. North Somaliland. Presented hy the Lord Delciriiere, 1899. 0. 3. 27. 30. Skull, with horns (fig. 22). Adadleh, Somaliland. '^«'»^ donor, 1900 99. 7. 8. 7. Skull and skin, female. Same locality. Same donor, 1899. 6. 5. 4. 16. Skull and skin, female. Waggar Mountains, Somaliland. Presented hy Dr. R. E. Drake-Brockman, 1906. 6. 5. 4. 17. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 6. 5. 4. 18. Skin, female. Sheitch, Somaliland. Saine history. 6. 5. 4. 19. Skull and skin, immature. Near Sogsodi, Somaliland. '5'«mc history. 11. 8. 2. 56. Skull, with horns. Golis Eange, Somaliland. Same donor, 1911. 12. 12. 91. 1. Skull and skin, female. Berbera, Somali- land. Presented hy Arnold Hodson, Esq., 1912. Subfamily x.— REDUNCIN^. Large or medium-sized antelopes, with horns only in the males, which are ridged, and usually curved and distinctly heteronymous, but may form simple spikes. Muzzle naked ; face-glands rudimentary or wanting, but the lachrymal depression in the skull always absent; inguinal glands present or absent ; foot-glands wanting except in Pelea ; two ]Dairs of teats ; .false hoofs well developed ; main hoofs united almost throughout their basal length by an interungual band 198 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES of bare integument, extending forwards from the " heels " ; * no metatarsal glands ; tail moderate. Although smooth in front of the orbits, owing to the absence of a depression in the lachrymal, the skull has a pair of deep pits in the frontals, generally lachrymal vacuities, the auditory bulke large and inflated, and normal premaxillse and nasals. The crowns of the second pair of incisors have expanded summits ; the upper molars are relatively narrow, without an inner accessory column, except in the first of the series. When large, the horns, which are strongly ridged, except at the tips, are frequently directed backwards at the base, and then curve upwards and forwards at the tips, but they may have a sublyrate, sigmoid curvature. At the present day the group is restricted to Ethiopian Africa, but during the Pliocene it existed in India and other parts of Asia. Pocock t remarks that the members of this subfamily differ markedly from the Ncotragince [and Madoqiiince] " in the structure of the feet, since they entirely lack the deep and long interdigital cleft on the front of the pastern. . . . With the exception of the Indian genera of Tragclaphinm, the preorbital gland is absent in that group ; and in the Cervicaprince [= Eeduncince] it is at most represented by integumental thickening. In both groups, and in no other subfamilies of Bovidm, two pairs of inguinal pouches have been recorded. More significant still is the fact that the structure of the feet, whether pedal glands be present or absent, is the same in the Cervicaprince as in the Tragclaphince. Corroborating these characters are the presence of two pairs of mammae and a moderate or large rhinarium [muffle], to which may be added the invariable absence of horns in the females of Cervicaprince and in [those of] most genera of Tragclaphince'' The subfamily may be divided into the following genera : — A. Horns small and spike-like ; summit of muffle swollen, glandular, and extending beyond posterior notch of nostrils; no face-glands; foot-glands in both pairs of limbs Pelea. * See page 172. t Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 917. KEDUNCINiE 109 13. Horns large and curved; mullle usually normal, not extending beyond notch of nostrils ; foot-glands represented, at most, by the duct. a. A bare patch below ear ; no face-glands ; one or two pairs of inguinal glands ; tail bushy (as in Pclea) Rcdunca. h. No bare subauricular patch ; rudimentary face- glands ; inguinal glands absent or represented by a single pair of pouches; tail tufted Kohus. I. Genus PELEA. Pelea, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 126 ; Sclatcr and Thomas, Bool- of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 187, 1897 ; liatiineyer, Ahk. schiveiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 67, 1877 ; Pococl-, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 911. Size relatively small ; build light, aud horns of male in the form of nearly vertical spikes ; muffle large, swollen and glandular at summit, and extending Leyond posterior notch of nostrils ; no face-glands or bare patch below ear ; tail bushy ; foot-glands present in all four limbs, opening by a short duct with a small orifice on front of pasterns above hoofs ; no inguinal glands ; coat somewhat woolly. Skull with relatively large lachrymal vacuities, relatively small auditory bullae, and premaxillce not reaching nasals. The distribution of the single species is restricted to South Africa. PELEA CAPEEOLUS. Antilope capreolus, Beclistein, Uebersiclit vlerfilss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 98, 1799, vol. ii, p. 646, 1800 ; Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersh. vol. iii, p. 312, 1811; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Ujpsal. vol. vii, pp. 251 and 262, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1232, 1818; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 410, 1845, Mon. Antilop. p. 14, pi. xiii, 1848 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 461, 1822 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugetli. pi. viii, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 377, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 291, 1836 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 467, 1829; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 77, 1832; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii, p. 1364, 1838; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 392, 1844; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 428, 1844, vol. v, p. 430, 1855 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 315, 1855. Antilope (Gazella) capreolus, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi. p. 174, 1814. Cemas capreolus, Oken, Lchrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt, 2, p. 740, 1816. 200 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Antilope lanata, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445, 1822; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841. Antilope ^dllosa, BurcJiell, Travels in S. Afriea, vol. ii, p. 302, 1824, List Mamm. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 5, 1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 251, 1827; Lessoti, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. i, p. 262, 1840. Antilope (Redunca) villosa, H. Smith, Griffith's A7iimal Kingdom, vol. V, p. 339, 1827. Eedimca capreolus, A. Smith, S.African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 107, 1834; Harris, Wild Animals of S. Africa, p. 138, jpl. xxv, fig. ], 1840; Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869. Eleotragus villosus. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843. Cervicapra capreolus, Sicndevall, K. SvensTia Vct.-AJi. Handl. 1844, p. 193, 1846. Eleotragus capreolus. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 12, 1850; Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 168, 1863. Eleotragus (Pelea) capreolus. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 126, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 144, 1851. Pelea capreolus,* Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mils. p. 90, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mas. p. 99, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 238, 1862 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, pp. 125 and 297, 1889 ; Flower and Lydekker. Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 85, 1892, ed. 6, p. 213, 1910 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 33, 1892 ; LydeMer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 220, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 319, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 237, 1908 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, Notizen, p. 60, 1894; Bendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 360 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 189, pi. xlvi, 1897 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 200, 1900 ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 911. Calotragus capreolus, Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1858. Vaal Rhebok. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size relatively small — shoulder-height about 29 or 30 inches ; build comparatively slender and delicate ; coat soft and somewhat woolly, although not very thick ; ears long and narrow. General colour dull pale French grey, tending to fawn on head and limbs, the front of the lower segments of the latter being slightly darker ; a distinct blackish patch on chin ; inider-parts scarcely j)aler than back ; tail, which is somewhat bushy, reaching to about the level of the groin, fawn-grey above at and near the base, white at the tip and * The name is not infrequently given as P. caj)reola. KEDUNCIX/K 201 below. Horns slender, rising nearly vertically, with a slight forward inclination; in good specimens the length ranges from 8 to llj inches, the girth from 2 to 2f inches, and the tip-to-tip interval from 2 to Gj inches. Basal length of skull about 7i inches (100 mm.), maximum width 4 inches YiG. 23.— Skull and Horns of the Vaal Rhebok [Pelca caprcolus). (101 mm.), interval between orbit and muzzle 5 inches (126 mm.). The distribution is confined to the area south of the Zambesi. 81. 5. 11. 1. Skin, mounted. South Africa. Presented hj E. G. Brealrs, Esq., 1881. 629, a. Skull, imperfect. Zoetmilks Valley, Swellendam, Cape Colony. Co-type of Antilope villosa. Presented hy Dr. W. J. BvrcheU, about 181/. 44, cc. Skin, female (formerly mounted). Mossel Bay, South' Africa. Co-type of A. villosa. Same history. 202 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 44, 0. Skin, female, mounted. South Africa. No history. 629, h. Skull, female. South Africa. No liistory. 67. 4. 12. 222. Skull, with horns (fig. 23). South Africa. Lidth dc Jeiide Collection, purchased, 1867. 3. 3. 6. 31. Immature specimen in spirit. Deelfontein, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. A. T. Slorjgett, CM.G., 1903. 2. 12. 1. 37. Skin and imperfect skull, female. Same locality and collector. ^cime donor, 1902. 2. 12. 1. 36. Skin and skull, immature female. Same locality and collector. ^cime history. 3. 1. 4. 61. Skin, immature female. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1903. 12. 7. 17. 1. Skin, female. Shaba Tsuen, Basutoland. Presented hy W. Bosworth Smith, Esq., 1912. 2. 2. 8. 5. Skin. Ladysmith, Natal. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. Sir David Bruce, K.C.B., 1902. 37. 4. 28. 2. 'skin. Cape of Good Hope. '/. Goidd Collection, purchased, 1837. 60. 7. 22. 1. Skin. Locality unknown. Purchased {Zoologiccd Society), 1860. 60. 7. 22. 18. Skeleton, female. Locality unknown. Same history. n. Genus REDUNCA. Cervicapra, Blainville, Bidl. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75 ; Sclater and lliomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 155, 1897 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 913; nee Sjmrrman, 1780.* Eedunca, H. Smith, Gi'iffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 337, 1827, as a subgenus. Nagor, Laurillard, Diet. JJuiv. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 621, 1841,t as a subgenus. Oreodorcas, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 13, 1912. Size medium; build relatively light. Horns of male medium in length, curving regularly upwards and outwards, and in some cases forwards or inwards at tips ; muffle * See Palmer, Index Gen. Mamm. p. 173, 1904, where it is stated that Antilojje cervicapra should be regarded as the type of Cervicaptra, S parr man. t For the date of this work see Ann.. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vii, p. 350, 1899. KEDUNCIN/E 203 typically normal, not extending Ijeyond posterior notch of nostrils ; no face-glands, but a bare, and probably glandular, patch of skin below each ear ; tail l)ushy ; foot-glands repre- sented, at most, by the duct of the glands existing in Pcka ; one or two pairs of inguinal glands ; coat hairy ; skull light, with large lachrymal vacuities, small auditory Indite, and the premaxilla} not reaching the nasals. The distribution is practically co-extensive with that (jf the subfamily. The two subgenera may be distinguished as follows : — A. Muffle extending beyond notch of nostrils ; one pair of inguinal glands Eleotragus. B. Muffle normal ; two pairs of inguinal glands Bedunca. The following is a " key " to the species : — A. Colour tending to grey, distinctly grizzled ; head and neck more fulvous, tail very bushy. a. Size small, colour rich, with a rufous tinge, skull broad, horns slightly hooked at tips, muffle normal B. fulvorufiila . h. Size large, colour paler, with a fulvous tinge, skull narrow, horns more hooked at tips, muffle extending beyond notch of nos- trils B. arundinum. B. Colour yellower and less grizzled, head and neck like body, tail less bushy. Size medium or small, horns, as a rule, abruptly hooked at tips B. redunca 1. Subgenus ELEOTRAGUS. Eleotragus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843. Muffle inflated and extending beyond line of posterior notches of nostrils; a single pair of large inguinal glands opening forwards along sides of abdomen, away from teats.* I. EEDUNCA (ELEOTRAGUS) ARUXDINUM. Antilope arundinum, Boddaert, Elcnclius Anim. p. 145, 1785. Antilope eleotragus, ^Sclu'eber, Sdugthiere, pi. cclxvi, 1785; ShaiL\ Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 349, 1801 ; Ciivier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 244, 1804 ; Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersh. vol. iii, * For the characters of the inguinal glands in the two groups the writer is indebted to Mr. Pocock. 204 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES p. 314, 1811 ; Lichtenstein, Mag. 7iat. Freunde, voL vi, p. 173, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta. Soc. TJpsal. voL vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 190, 1816, Mamm. vol. ii, p. 459, 1822 ; Goldfuss, ScJireher's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1225, 1818 ; Scliinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, p. 395, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 410, 1845 ; Burchell, List Quadr. jJ^esented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825; H. Smith. Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 237, 1827; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 376, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 465, 1829 ; Oiuen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Verte- brates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868; Ohen, AUgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, V- 1364, 1838; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 621, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 266, 1844, vol. v, p. 431, 1855; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 315, 1855. Antilope coenilescens, LinJf, Beytrdge Naturgescli. vol. ii, p. 99, 1799. Antilope oreotragus, Bechstein, Uehersicht viei'fiiss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 80, 1799, nee Schreher. Antilope arundinaceus, Bechstein, op. cit. p. 81, 1799, vol. ii, p. 644, 1800; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, p. 347, 1801; Hiiet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 485, 1887. Antilope cinerea, Bechstein, op. cit. vol, ii, p. 643, 1800 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii. p. 250, 1815. Antilope isabellina, Afzelius, op. cit. p. 250, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreher' s Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1226, 1818 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 260, 1822 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 240, vol. V, p. 338, 1827 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. X, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 76, 1832 ; Scliinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. i, p. 411, 1845, Mon. Antilop. p. 15, pi. xv, 1848; Peters, Beise nach Mossamhique, Sdugeth. p. 189, 1852. €erophorus (Cervicapra) eleotragus, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. •Cenias arundinacea, Ohen, Lehrhuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 740, 1816. Antilope oleotragns, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. i, p. 261, 1840 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tahl. Regnc Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842. Antilope (Eedunca) eleotragus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. V, p. 337, 1827. Eedunca eleotragus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 210, 1834; Biqjpell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senchenherg, pt. 1, p. 38, 1842. Eedunca isabellina, A. Smith, S. Africnn Quart. Journ. \o\. ii, p. 210, 1834. Eleotragus isabellinus. Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843 ; TemmincJc, Esquiss, Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853 ; Jentink, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 159, 1892. Eleotragus reduncus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843, nee Antilope redunca, Pallas. Cervicapra isabellina, Sundevall, K. Svensha Vet.- Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 194, 1846 ; Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883. Eleotragus arundinaceus, Ch'ay, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 144, 1851, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, ]847, Knoivdcy Menagerie, p. 12, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. IJEUUNXIN/E '^^^ 1850, p. 126, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 91, 18o2 Cat. Bnmi- nantsBrit.Mus. p. 18, 1872, Hand-List Bununants Bnt. Mu^. p 88, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Bnt. Mus. p. 13b, 1862 , "kiri:, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657 ; Dnnnmond, Large Gam e^f S. Africa, p. 397, 1875 ; Brydcn, Kloof and Karroo, p. 297, 188^ , Bocage, J. Sci. Lisboa, ser. 2, vol. v, p. 28, 189U. Redunca isabellina, r a >^ multiannulata, caffra antZ algoens^s, F^^ Sitzber. h. AA-. Wiss. Wicn, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869. Cervicapra arundinacea, Selous Proc. ^^«^- '^^^^ /.^f / P; J^^Lf Hitnter's Wanderings in S. ^A^'f ' P' ^^6, 1^81 , Cr^^^^^^ Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 653; W. L. Sclater Cat. Mamm. InL Mus. pt. ii, p. 164, 1891; Lorenz, Ann. Hofnius. Wien, ^ol. ix, m^i^m, p. 61, 1894. Eleotragus eleotragus, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. voL ix, p. 1 <2, 1887. Cervicapra arundinum, Floiver and Lydehher, ^^"^?^„^/ .^i^"'';j^^^' p. 840, 1891 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game p. 93, 1«92, eel b, R 215, 1910; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Apica, p B6 1892', Lydekher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 227, 1893, &Vm^ and Imail Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, Proc Zool. Soc 1899, p. 5oo, Field, vol. cviii, p. 778, 1906, Game Animals of Africa V. I ^^^ 1908 • Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 728 ; T1iomas,ibul. 1894., p 146 ; Bendall, ibid. 1895, p. 358 ; MatscUe, S'a^.^.^/^^er. Deutsch-OstafriTca, p. 127, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Bool of A 7j .o\r,{\\ r. 157 li xliii 1897; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Antelopes, VOL ii, p. lo/, pi. xnn, ±o^t , •► • ' ^^^ Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 194, 1900 ;PococA-, ^'•^^^•/^^J' '^.^^p^^^^.^^*^' ^:91S; Letcher, Big Game N^. ^^^^^ ^^^^' P.^P^U^^M'^ i^, ' Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 289, 191o , Hamilton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1913, p. 537. Cervicapra thomasin^, Sclater, Proc Zool. Soc. l^OO' P" f„^' P^.."^^^^ ' Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 227, 1900. Redunca arundinum, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm Suppl. p. 721, 190o ; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. v. no. 10, p. 5^, 1909. Redunca thomasinae, Trouessart, loc. cit. 1905. RiETBOK, or Reedbuck. Tyije of Eleotragus. Typical locality Cape Colony. Size large, the shoulder-height heing about 36 inches, and the length of the skull 11^^ inches (290 mm.). Skull narrow across orbits, with long rostrum— length bi mches (164 mm.)— and small orbits. General colour light greyish fawn strono-ly but finely grizzled with brown, and having a more' or less fulvous tinge, which becomes pronounced on the head and neck, so as to cause a marked contrast between their tint and that of the body; occasionally a brown patch on muzzle or crown ; chin and under-parts white ; back ot ears pale fawn, without black tips; a whitish patch at base of ears round the subauricular bare area, the latter clothed m 206 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES young animals with short, velvety, white hairs ; fore-legs generally black in front from knees to hoofs, fawn on outer and white on inner surface ; hind-limbs frequently with similar black markings on lower part of shanks ; tail thick, bushy, and reaching half-way to hocks, with the root and upper surface fawn, and the tip and under side white. Horns relatively long, with a moderate but not abrupt hook-like curvature at tips ; the growing pad at their bases persistent throughout life as a soft, rounded swelling. Good horns range from 15 to 17 J (18, it is stated in one instance) inches in length, and from 5 to 6J (in one case 7i) inches in girth, with a tip-to-tip interval of from 9^ to 20J inches. Basal length of skull about 10^ inches (259 mm.), maximum width 4j inches (120 mm.), interval between muzzle and orbit 6 J inches (158 mm.). The French-grey form from Nyasaland described as Cervicapra tlwmasinm seems to be merely an excessive development of the greyness characteristic of this species, and is probably restricted to individuals sprung from a single parent stock. The resemblance in colour of this phase to Pclea is very notable. The range extends from South Africa to the Bahr-el- Ghazal on the eastern side of the continent, and as far north as Angola on the west. The following two closely allied races are recognised : — A. Head and neck fulvous ; bod}", limbs and tail greyish fawn B. a. ariindinum. B. Head and neck greyer fulvous ; body, limbs, and tail rusty grey R. ci- occidentalis, A.— Redunca arundinum arundinum. Typical locality Cape Colony, whence the range extends (exclusive of Northern PJiodesia and tlie Bangweolo Flats) to the Bahr-el-Grhazal, where it overlaps that of B. redunca hoJior. General characters those of the species. 46. 3. 23. 34. Skull, with horns, and skin. South Africa. Purchased (Williams), 1846. 46. 3. 23. 35. Skull and skin, female. South Africa. Same history. KEDUNCINi'E 20^ 60, h. Skin, immature female. Lowu Kowi Valley, South Africa. Presented hy Dr. W. J. Burchdl, about 1817. 030, c (GO, a). Skull, with horns. Reitfontein, South Africa. ' Described by Hamilton-Smith as AntiloiJC redunca. Same histov}/. 58. 11. 26. 1. Skull, with liorns, and skin, immature. Locality unknown. rurchascd (Zoolor/ical Society), 1858. Fig. 24.— Head of Reedbuck {Rcdvnca [Elcotragiis] arundimim). 48. 7. 11. 2. Horns. South Africa. Purchased (Argent), 1848. 53. 10. 6. 3. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Same history. 82. 1. 27. 2. Skull, with liorns. Collected by Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G. ; locality unknown. Purchased, 1881. 630,7. Skull and skin, female. Locality unknown. Purchased (Zoological Society). 93. 4. 10. 6. Skull, with horns. Mashonaland; collected by H.' Barber, Esq. Purchased, 1893. 208 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 46. 4. 2. 10. Frontlet, with horns. South Africa. Purchased {V/illiams), 1846. 10. 4. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Portuguese East Africa. In this specimen, which stands fourth in Ward's list, the liorns measure 16 J inches in length, with a girth of 5 J, and a tip-to-tip interval of 14J inches. Presented hj J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1910. 97. 11. 21. 1. Head, mounted (fig. 24). South Africa. Same donor, 1897. 94. 3. 7. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Palombi Valley, Lake Shirwa, Xyasaland. Presented hj Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1894. 94. 3. 8. 13-14. Two skins, female, one immature. Lake Mweru district ; collected by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G. Purchased, 1894. 94. 3. 8. 16. Skull, imperfect, with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history, 95. 7. 22. 5. Skull, with horns. Zomba, jSTyasaland. Presented hij Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., G.B., 1895. 93. 7. 25. 8. Skull, with horns. Between Lakes Nyasa and Tankanyika ; collected by E. Crawshay, Esq. Purchased, 1893. 94. 4. 3. 1. Skull, with liorns, and skin. Lower Um- volosi Valley, Zululand. Presented hj the Christiania Museum, 1894. 97. 3. 15. 1. Head, mounted, and skull. Lunyena Valley, Henga, western Nyasaland. Presented hj R. Craicshay, Esq., 1897. 0. 11. 18. 6. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Angoni- land. Presented hy Sir A. Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1900. 2. 12. 1. 38. Skull and skin, immature female. Deel- fontein. Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy Lieut.- Gol. A. T. Sloggett, G.M.G., 1902. 2. 12. 1. 39. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. 'S'fWTie history, 6. 11. 8. 150-151. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Coguno, Inhambane ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1906. 6. 11. 8. 152. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. ^(^rne history. KEDUNGINiE 209 5. 12. 9. 84-85. Two skulls, with horns, and head-skins, immature. Kleiu Letaba, N. E. Transvaal; same collector. Same donor, 190;"). 4. 12. 3. 105. Skull, willi horns, and skin. Umvolosi Valley, Zululand ; same collector. Same donor, 1904. 4. 12. 3. 104. Skull, with lioius, and skin, innnature. Matwa district, Zululand ; same collector. Same hidorij. 4. 12. 3. 103. Skull and skin. Same locality and col- lector. Same liidory. 7. 6. 2. 104-105. Two young skulls and head-skins. Masembete, 25 miles X.W. of Beira, Portuguese East Africa ; same collector. Same donor, 1907. 8. 1. 1. 127. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gorongoza, Portuguese East Africa ; same collector. Same donor, 1908. 8. 2. 14. 5. Skull, with horns, immature. Diampwe Valley, southern Angoniland. Presented hij C. B. C. Slorey, Esq., 1908. 8. 2. 14. 16. Skull, with horns. Hewe Valley, a tributary of the Lwave. Same hist or y. 8. 2. 14. 7. Skull, with horns, liukuru. Lake Xderendere. Sctme history. 8. 2. 14. 8. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality. Same history. 13. 2. 12. 1. Frontlet and horns. Mpimbe, Upper Shiri Valley, Nyasaland ; collected by Col. F. C. Trollope. Figured in The Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 163. Length of horns 17, tip-to-tip interval 19J inches. Presented hy Messrs. W. and E. Trollope, 1913. 6. 10. 20. 2. Head, mounted. Twenty-five miles N.E. of Wan, Bahr-el-Ghazal, lat. 85° 25' N. Picferred to by present writer in the Field, vol. cviii, p. 778, 1906, and by Blaine in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 288, 1913. Presented hy Capt. P. E. Vaughan, 1906. 13. 9. 5. 1-3. Three skulls, with horns. Nyasaland ; shot by the donor, April, 1901. Presented hy Lieut. -Col. Manning, 1913. 2. 3. 29. 1. Skin, mounted. Songwi Valley, LakeNyasa. Type of Cervieapra thomasinw, which, as already mentioned, appears to be nothing more than a French-grey phase of the present species. Eight specimens of these pale grey reed- II. P 210 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES bucks were known when Dr. Sclater wrote, but it does not appear to be ascertained whetber they form a colony by themselves, or whether they mingle with normally coloured animals like the Lorian white waterbucks. If the inheritance be Mendelian, the pale variety might be maintained without individuals of tlie aberrant type pairing together. Presented hy Mrs. E. S. Grogan, 1902. 9. 1. 17. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. The skin is very similar in colour to the preceding specimen. Mpila Valley, Lake Chinta, southern Nyasaland. Presented ly A. R. Andrew, Esq., 1909. B.— Redunca arundinum oceidentalis. Cervicapra arundineum oceidentalis, BothscJiild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. Typical locality neighbourhood of Fort Jackson, jSTorthern Ehodesia : also found on Bangweolo Flats. Type in Tring Museum. Differs from typical race by the paler and greyer tint of the fulvous of the head and neck, and the pale rusty grey of the limbs, tail, and body ; while the horns appear to be in most cases stouter and less curved. The following specimens are provisionally referred to this race, without prejudice in regard to its validity. 7. 1. 12. 3. Skull, with horns. Barotsiland, N.W. PJio- desia. Presented hy J. Boivland Ward, Esq., 1907. 12. 3. 16. 3. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Lum- batwa Valley, east of Lake Bangweolo. Presented hy the Hon. W. Guinness, 1912. 2. Subgenus REDUNCA. Muffle normal; two pairs of relatively small inguinal glands, opening forwards and outwards, and dipping inwards towards the teats. KEDUNCIX.E 211 11. EEDUNCA EEDUNCA. Antilope reversa, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 5, 1766, ncc Capra reversa, Linn. Antilope redunca, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 8, 1767, xii, p. 13, 1777; Mailer, Naiursyst., Sitppl. p. 53, 1776; Erxlehen, Syst. Begn. Aniin. p. 281, 1777; Zimmermann, Sj^cc. Zool. Geogi'. p. 541, 1777, Gcogr. GescJiichtr, vol. ii, p. 114, 1780, vol. iii, cxj)lanation to chart, p. 9, 1783 ; Gattcrer, Brcv. Zool. vol. i, p. 81, 1780 ; Hermann, Tail. Affin. Anim. p. 108, 1783 ; Schreber, Siiugtliiere, pi. cclxv, 1785 ; Boddacrt, ElencJms Anim. p. 141, 1785; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 184, 1788; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 308, 1792; Do7indorf, Zool. Bey- trdge, vol. i, p. 624, 1792; Link, Beytrdge Naturgcsch. vol. ii, p. 98, 1795 ; Bcchstein, Uchcrsicht vierfiiss. Thiere, vol. ii, p. 643, 1800; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 360, 1801; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 112, 1802 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xv, p. 330, 1803, vol. xxiv, tabl. p. 32, 1804, ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 188, 1816, Mammalogic, vol. ii, p. 458, 1822 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 243, 1804 ; Tiedemann, Zoologie, vol. i, p. 409, 1808 ; Lichteiistein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 170, 1814 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 410. 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Goldfiiss, Schreber'' s Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1200, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierrcich, vol. i, p. 395, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 425, 1845; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 238, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 375, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 464, 1829 ; Oiuen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Aiiat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 364, 1868 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naiurgcsch. vol. vii, p. 1385, 1838; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. i, p. 261, 1840; Bilpjpell, Mus. Senckenberg, vol. iii, p. 182, 1842 ; Wagner, Schreber'' s Sdugthiere, SujJX^l. vol. iv, p. 426, 1844, vol. V, p. 431, 1855 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 314, 1855 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 267, 1887. Antilope rufa, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. UjJsal. vol. vii, p. 250, 1815. Ceropliorus (Cervicapra) redunca, Blalnville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Antilope (Redunca) redunca, H. Smith, Gri-ffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. V, p. 338, 1827. Antilope (Nagor) redunca, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 621, 1841. Redunca nagor, Bii/ppell, Verzeiehniss Mus. Senckenberg, pt. i, p. 38. 1842. Eleotragus reduncus. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 145, 1851, Knorusley Menagerie, p. 13, pi. xiii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 127, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 18, 1872, Hand -List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1873; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853 ; Jentink. Cat. Osteol. Lei/den Mas. {Mus. Pays-Ba^, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887; Huet, Bull. ^ Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 267, 1887. Cervicapra redunca, Sundcvall, k. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 195, 1846 ; Ploivcr and Lydckker, Study of Mammals, p. 340, P 2 212 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 1891; LijdcM-er, Horns and Hoofs, p. 228, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Booli of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 171, pi. xliv, 1897 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 221, 1910; PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 913; Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 289, 1813. Eedunca rediinca, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., SujjjjI. p. 721, 1905. Nagor, or BoHOR. Type of Cervicapra, Eedunca, and Nagor. Typical locality Gori Island, off the coast of Senegal, West Africa. Size smaller than in ariindiimm, the shoulder-height ranging from ahout 27 to 28 inches, and the length of the skull from about 9/;j inches (225 mm.) to 10-^ inches (256 mm.). Skull generally similar to that of arnndinum, but with a relatively shorter rostrum and upper tooth-row. General colour yellowish, less grizzled and more fulvous than in amindinum, and that of head and neck not markedly contrasting with that of body ; dark markings on limbs less pronounced than in typical examples of arundinum or wanting. Tail shorter and less bushy. Horns relatively shorter and stouter, with the tips more abruptly hooked ; the length in good specimens ranging from about 9 to 14 J (in one instance 15) inches. The distribution includes Ethiopian Africa north of the Zambesi, where it is approximately co-extensive with that of the genus. The local races may be distinguished as follows : — A. Skull smallest in group — length about 8l| inches (225 mm.) ; upper row of cheek-teeth very short — ^^^ inches (54 mm.) ; horns short, strongly hooked forwards and inwards. Hair long ; general colour dark yellowish fawn B- r. rcdiinca . B. Skull larger ; upper tooth -row and horns longer. a. Skull less massive and shallower vertically — length lOjjj inches (255 mm.) ; length of upper series of cheek-teeth 63 mm. ; * horns thinner, longer and more divergent B. r. cottoni. b. Skull more massive and deeper vertically ; horns shorter and stouter. rt\ Length of skull 9.^ inches (240 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 58 mm. ; horns shorter B. r. ugandce. * In the case of very small differences millimetres alone are generally used. UEDUNCIN.K ^1'^ b\ Skull and horns longer ; length of fomier about 10/,, inches (255 mm.). a-. Length of skull 255 mm., of upper series of cheek-tectli 62 mm. ; general axis of horns rising above frontal plane. aK Horns shorter and moderately curved 11. r. holior. Jr. Horns longer and curved outwards, with the tips much inbent. 0-*. Si/e larger ; colour darker B. r. wardi. 6*. Size smaller; colour lighter li. r. tolii. h-. Length of skull 10.^ inches (256 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 63 mm. ; horns slightly lyrate, with their general axis below frontal plane B. r. nigeriemis. In the matter of colouring the following five races are characterised as follows : — A. General colour pale yellowish fawn ; hair shorter than in r. redunca B. r. n igeriensis. B. General colour grizzled fawn. a. General tint yellower B. r. holior, B. r. wardi, and B. r. cottoni. h. General tint browner ^.r. iigandce. A.— Redunca redunca redunca. Cervicapra redunca redunca, Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 470, 1902. Cervicapra redunca typica, Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 5, p. 222, 1907, ed. 6, p. 222, 1910 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1897 ; Lydeklier, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908. Nagor. Typical locality Gori Island, off Senegal. Size small, shoulder-height about 27 inches. Hair relatively long; general colour dark yellowish fawn, no dark marking on liml)S. Skull very small, length about 8-14 inches (225 mm.); upi^er series of cheek-teeth very short, 2^ inches (54 mm.). Horns very short and stout, with the tips hooked strongly forwards and inwards. In the first of two specimens recorded in Ward's list which can be definitely referred to this race the length is 10 inches, the girth 43, and the tip-to-tip interval 6^ inches. The range extends from Senegal and Gambia to the Gold Coast. 214 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 46. 10. 23. 17. Skin, immature. West Africa ; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Presented hij the Earl of Derhij, 1846. 93. 3. 5. 1. Skull, with horns. Gambia ; collected by Governor Carter. Presented hy Dr. P. L. Scktter, 1893. 98. 9. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. South bank of Gambia Eiver. Presented hy J. Pioiolcind Ward, Esq., 1898. 11.6.10.10. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia. Presented hy G. FemricJc Oiren, Esci., 1911. B. — Redunca redunca bohor. Antilope redunca. Bilppelh Neiie Wirhelth. Ahyssin. p. 30. pi. vii, fig. 1, 1835-40, nee Pallas. Eedunca bohor, Buppell, Verzeiclmiss Mus. SencJcenberg. pt. i, p. 50, 1842 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. Ji. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869; Troiiessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905; Lonnberg, Sjostedfs Kilimandjaro -Merit Exped.^ Mamm. p. 44, 1908. Antilope (Redunca) bohor. Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Sufjpl. vol. iv, p. 425, 1844, vol. v, p. 432, 1855. Cervicapra bohor, Sundevall, K. SrensJia. Vet.-Al\ Handl. 1844. p. 195, 1846; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 93, im% piartim ; LydeJiJier, Horns and Hoofs,]}. 229, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, j^cirtim ; Sclater and TJiomas, BooJc of Antelop)es, vol. ii, p. 165, 1897, partim ; Thonias, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vi, p. 304, 1900; Blaine, ibid. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 288, 1913. (?) Eleotragus bohor, Temminck, Esqiiiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853. Eleotragus reduncus, Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Ctes. Leojy.-Car. vol. XXX, pt. 2, p. 11, 1863 ; (?) Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 110 ; (?) Jentinlc, Cat. Mamm. Ley den Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 150, 1892. Cervicapra (?) adrob, Heuglin, Beise Nordost-Afril-a, vol. ii, p. 109, 1877. (?) Eleotragus arundinaceus, True, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xv, p. 472, 1892, nee Gray. Cervicapra redunca bohor, Bothschild, Powell-Cotton s Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902; LydekJier. Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 223. 1910. Bohor. Typical locality Central Abyssinia. Size rather larger than in typical race. Cxeneral colour yellowish grizzled fawn ; dark limb-markings sometimes present. Skull large, length lO^g- inches (255 mm.), massiye and deep ; length of upper series of cheek-teeth 2^^ inches (62 mm.). Horns relatiyely short and stout, although longer REDUNCIN/E 215 than in redunca ; their general axis rising above level of frontal plane ; in good specimens the length ranges from 9i to 10 J inches and the girth from 5 J to G, witli a tip- to-tip interval of from 5 to 11^ inches. Blaine, on account of the larger size of the skull and teeth, regards this and the following races as specifically distinct from the true redunca. 1. 7. 6. 16. Skull, witli horns, and head-skin. Gora- boutha (5,600 feet), Hawash, Abyssinia. Presented by A. E. rcasc, Esq., 1901. 6. 11. 1. 62. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Lake Helene, Omo lUver, N.E. Abyssinia ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. Presented by W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. C— Redunca redunca wardi. Cervicapra bohor, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883; Giiiither, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 604 Jackson, Big Game Sliooting {Badminton Lihr.) vol. i, pp. 285 and 294, 1894 ; Matscliie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 128, 1895 ; nee Sundevall . Cervicapra redunca wardi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vi, p. 304, 1900 ; Rothschild, Poivell Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 471, 1902; Lydehker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 224, 1910 ; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 7, 1910; Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mils. Madrid, p. 126, 1912. Eednnca redunca wardi, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905. Cervicapra bohor wardi, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 289, 1913. Typical locality Mau Plateau, British East Africa. Closely allied to the last, with which it agrees generally in cranial and dental measurements, and also in colour ; black markings on legs present. The chief distinction seems to be in the horns, which are rather larger, and have the points much turned inwards ; good specimens range from 10 to 13| inches in length, with a girth of from 4i to 7f , and a tip-to-tip interval of from 4J to 9i inches. Thomas regarded this race as nearly allied to redunca redunca, which he considered specifically distinct from r. bohor. Blaine affiliates it to the latter. The range includes portions of Uganda adjacent to British East Africa. 216 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 0. 8. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Man Plateau, British East Africa ; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B. Type. Presented hij J. Roivland Ward, Escp, 1900. 0. 8. 15. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. Fig. 25. — Skull and Horns of Eastern Bohor Eeedbuck {Redunca redunca wardi). 95. 9. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Border of British and German East Africa to the north-east of Kilimanjaro. Presented hij Major II. W. E. Kenwick, 1895. 1.8.9.71. Skull, with horns, immature. Eavine Station, British East Africa. Presented hij Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 72-73. Two skulls and skins, immature female. Same locality. Same history. 1.8.9.74. Skull, with horns. iSTandi, British East Africa. Same history. liEDUNX'iKJ-: 217 1. 8. 9. 75-76. Two skulls, willi Iktiis (fig. 25). Kavine Station, British East Africa. Same history. 63. 7. 7. 12. Skull, with horns, and imperfect skin. Uganda. Presenied hij Cdid. J. 11. Spchc, 18Go. 89. 8. 3. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. Near Kiliman- j'aro, Masailand. Presented hy II. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889. 82. 1. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. East Africa ; collected by Sir John Kirk. Length of horns on front curve 13j, basal girth 5 J, tip-to-tip interval 8 J- inches ; this being the maximum horn-length recorded by Ward in 1910. Purchased, 1882. D. — Redunca redunca tohi. Eedunca redunca tolii, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, No. 7, p. 10, 1913. Tohi. Typical locality Mariakani, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. Allied to u'ctrdi but smaller (basal length of skull SjI inches = 223 mm.), and lighter and purer tawny in colour, the black " lining " on back being less distinct, and the dark leg-streaks narrower or wanting. No specimen in collection definitely referable to this race. E.— Redunca redunca cottoni. Cervicapra redunca cottoni, TRothscliild, Powell-Cotton'' s Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 470, 1W02; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908, Field, vol. cxx, p. 1175, 1912. Cervicapra redunca donaldsoni, Bothschild, oj). cit. p. 471, 1902 ; Lydekker, loc. cit. 1908. identified with cottoni, Field, op. cit. 1912. Redunca redunca cottoni and donaldsoni, Troiicssart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905. Cervicapra bohor cottoni. Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol.xi, p. 289, 1913. Typical locality Kordofan, between the Bahr-el-Zerafe and the Bahr-el-Jebel. Type not identified. General colour similar to that of r. hohor, but horns longer, thinner, and more divergent, with more or les;^ 218 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES marked incurving at tips. Skull relatively slight and shallow vertically; length lOy^g inches (255 mm.); length of upper series of cheek-teeth 2 J inches (63 mm.). Fine horns measure from 13 to 15 inches, with a girth of from 4 J to 6 inches, and a tip-to-tip inter^'al ranging from 7^ to 18 J inches. Of the three under-mentioned heads obtained by Capt. Gunthorpe in the Binder Valley — a tributary of the Blue Mle — one agrees with a typical cottoni, a second is clearly a donaldsoni, and the third of an intermediate type. These specimens, in conjunction with a fourth given to the writer Fig. 26. — Head op Sudani Bohor Reedbuck {Bedunca redunca cottoni), from Mongalla. Length of horns 16 inches, girth 5 inches, tip-to-tip interval 23J' inches. by Colonel Gunthorpe, show that these two supposed races are inseparable. In the writer's specimen the interval between the horn-tips is only 6 J inches, whereas in specimens from the Binder and Blue Nile valleys catalogued in the sixth edition of Ward's Records of Big Game, this interval ranges from 15 to 18 inches. The range extends from Kordofan, the White Nile, and the Isle of Meroe to the east of Lado and western Somaliland. 1. 8. 8. 42. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kaka, White Nile, Sudan. Presented hj R. Me. D. Haivker, Esej., 1901. REDUNCIXyE 219 8. 1. 15. 1. Skull, with horns. Binder Valley, Blue Nile. Presented hi/ J. Hoiuland Ward, Esq., 1908. 0. 11. 7. 17. Skull, with lioriis. North of Lake Rudolf. Presented hjj Dr. Donaldson Smith, 1900. 12. 11. 1?>. ?K Mounted head. Binder Valley, Blue Nile ; shot by Capt. jM. E. T. Gunthorpe. The horns are of the character of typical cottoni. Presented hy Col. E. J. GitnthorjM, 1912. 12. 11. 13. 4. ^Mounted head. Same locality and donor. The horns are somewhat intermediate between those of the preceding and the following specimen. Same history. 12.11.13.5. Mounted head. Same locality and collector. The tips of the horns show the strongly marked inbending characteristic of donaldsoni. Sccme history. F.— Redunca redunca nigeriensis. Cervicapra bohor nigeriensis, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 290, 1913. Cervicapra redunca tvpica, Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907, nee '^Lydehher. Typical locality Ibi, Northern Nigeria. Similar in size to r. vxtrdi, but with the body-colour of a more uniform shade of fawn, as in r. redunca. General colour light fulvous fawn, slightly darker along middle line of Ijack, and paler on flanks, where it merges into white of under- parts ; a pale dusky stripe down front of lower portion of fore-legs. Hair short and close, not waved. Horns with the main axis depressed below level of frontal plane ; stout at the base, then slightly curving downwards and outwards, and finally hooking forwards at the tips, although not so strongly as in r. redunca or r. hohor ; good specimens range from 9 to 10| inches in length, with a girth of from 4 J to Qh, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 4^ (in one instance 2|-) to 73 inches. Length of skull 10^ inches (256 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 63 mm. 7. 7. 8. 234. Skull, with horns. Ibi, Northern Nigeria ; Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Type. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907. 220 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 4. 7. 9. 11-12. Skull and frontlet, with horns. Re- spectively from Sokoto and Zimguru, Northern Nigeria. Presented hy Ccqot. A. Cock, 1904. 5. 5. 10. 10. Imperfect skull, with horns. Wase, Northern Nigeria. Presented hy Dr. II. K. W. Kumm, 1905. 7. 7. 8. 235-236. Two skulls and skins. Ibi ; Alexander- Gosling Expedition. Presented hy the Alexander-Gosling Uxpedition^ 1907. 7. 7. 8. 268. Head, skin. Same locality and collection. Same history^ G. — Redunca redunca ugrandae. Cervicapra bohor ugand«, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi^ p. 291, 1913. Typical locality Ankoli, south-western Uganda. Size rather smaller than in r. nigericnsis, and skull and horns proportionately shorter. General colour the yellow grizzled fawn of r. holior, but with a brownish tinge, so that it appears less fulvous. Horns short and stout, without a pronounced forward hook at tip. Length of skull 9 J inches (240 ram.), of uj)per series of cheek-teeth 2| inches (56 mm.). 5. 4. 3. 35. Skull, with horns, and skin. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Type. Presented hy Lient.-Col. C. Delme-Radcliffe, 1905. 5. 4. 3. 36. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality and collector. Same history.. 5. 11. 16. 1. Skull, with horns. South-western Uganda. Presented hy F. H. Lechy, Esq., 1905. 1. 7. 15. 2. Skull, with horns. South of Albert Edward Nyanza. Presented hy J. E. S. Moore, Esq., 1901. III. EEDUNCA FULVOEUEULA. Antilope fulvorufula, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 250, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1226, 1818 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 239, 1827. Antilope lalandia, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445, 1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 378, 1827. Antilope landiana, Desniarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 462, 1822; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii^ p. 634, 1868. REUUNClNx^^ 221 Antilope eleotragus, Licldenstein, DarsteUiinr/. Saugeth. pi. 19, 1827; Smuts, Enum. Mamin. Caj). p. 75, 1832; ScJiinz, Mon. Antiloj). p. 15, pi. xiv, 1848 ; nee Schreber. Antilope lalandii, J. B. Fischer, Sijnop. Mamm. p. 467, 1829; Laurillard , Diet. Univ. Hist. Not. vol. i, p. 621, 1841 ; Bchinz, Synoj^. Ma mm. vol. ii, p. 415, 1845. Eedunca lalandii, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 210, 1834. Cervicapra eleotragus, Sayidevall, K. Svcnslca Vet.-AJi. Handl. 1844. p. 194, 1846, nee Blainville. Eleotragus arundinaceus, TemmincJi, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191. 1853, nee Bechstein. Redunca eleotragus, Fitzinger, Sitzher. k. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix. pt. 1, p. 169, 1869 ; Brehm, Thierlehen, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 222, 1880; nee A. Smith. Eleotragus eleotragus, Jentinh, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. {Mus. Pays- Bas, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {ibid. vol. xi) p. 159, 1892, nee Antilope eleotragus, Schreber. Eleotragus redunca, Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 298, 1889, nee Gray. Cervicapra redunca, Gitnther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 604, nee Sundevall. •Cervicapra lalandii, Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 34, 1892; LydekJcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 228, 1893; Bendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 359 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 2, p. 132, 1896. Cervicapra fulvorufula, Sclater and Thomas, BooJc of Anteloj^es, vol. ii, p. 175, pi. xlv, 1897 ; Lydehker, Gh'eat and Small Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 227, 1908; W. L. Sclater. Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 197, 1900; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 218, 1910; Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 290, 1913. Cervicapra fulvorufula subalpina, Kirhy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1897, p. 879. Redunca fulvorufula, Troucssart, Cat. Maynui., Swppl. p. 722, 1905. Oreodorcas fulvorufula. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 13, 1912. Rooi Rhebok. Type of Oreodorcas. Typical locality eastern Cape Colon}'. A very distinct species, of the approximate size of redunca redunca, distinguished from both the preceding species by the relatively greater interorbital width of the skull, its shorter rostrum and larger orbits, as well as l)y the shorter and straighter horns, which are less hooked at the tips. General colour grizzled greyish fawn, tinged with rufous, especially on the head and neck, where it contrasts with the body-colour ; chin, upper portion of throat, and under-parts, iis well as inner sides of limbs, white ; dark le^^-markings 222 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES inconspicuous or wanting ; tail reaching about to level of groin, and very bushy, fawn above, and wliite below. Good horns range in length from 7 to 8| inches, with a girth of from 3 J to 5^, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 3 to 6 inches. In the skull the tympanic sheath, which encloses the tympano-hyal pit, is low, and does not extend downwards on sides of bullce ; knobbed processes of basioccipital small and short ; facial portion of lachrymal long, narrow, and extendinix on orbit well behind termination of nasal ; orbit large, its vertical diameter one-half length of nasal ; infra- orbital vacuity situated posteriorly above front end of penultimate upper premolar ; masseter knob on sides of maxillffi small; pit at base of condyles posterior to bullae deep ; lachrymo-nasal sinus narrow ; premaxilloe long. In the more typical members of the genus the skull differs by the longer tympanic sheath, the greater development of the knobbed processes of the basioccipital, the smaller orbit, and the wider and shorter lachrymal. The rans^e includes the eastern districts of Africa south of the Zambesi, more especially Natal, Zululand, and Bechuanaland, and thence through British East Africa to Gallaland. The races are distinguishable as follows : — A. Length of skull 9^^ inches (230 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 2| inches (60 mm.).. B. f.fidvorufiila. B. Length of skull 8^| inches (225 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 2 J inches (57 mm.). a. Typically a dark nose-stripe -^' /• clianleri. h. Typically no dark nose- stripe . . ^- /• shoana. A.— Redunca fulvorufula fulvorufula. Typical locality eastern Cape Colony. Characters as above. 630, d. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Presented hi/ Dr. IF. J. Burcliell, about 1817. 43. 6. G. 12. Skull and skin, female. Cape Colony ; collected by Dr. Brandt. Purchased, 1843. 51. 5. 5. (3. Skull, with horns. Orange Eiver district. Purehased {Argent), 1851. 51. 5. 5. 6. Skull, female. Same locality. Sctine history. KEDUNCINJ': 223 41. 12. 25. 3. Skin, mounted, provisionally referred to tliis species. Said to be of South African origin. Furchascd (Cross), 1841. 93. 2. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Northern Zululand. Presented hij A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1893. 94. 1. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Figtree Creek, De Kaap, Barberton, Transvaal. Presented hy Dr. P. Eendall, 1894. 94. 11. 4. 4. Skull, immature female. Same locality. Same liistory. 94. 4. 3. 2. Skull and skin, immature female. Lower Umvolusi Valley, Zululand. Presented hy the Christiania Mnsenni, 1894. 98. 9. 10. 3. Skin. Kruger's Post, Transvaal. Presented hy F. V. Kirhy, Esq., 1898. 95. 8. 16. 1. Skull, female. Figtree Creek, De Kaap. Presented hy Dr. P. Rendall, 1895. 98. 9. 10. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Steenkamp- berg, Transvaal. Belongs to the so-called cdpina. Same history. 98.9.10.2. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history. 3. 3. 6. 52. Immature specimen, in spirit. Deelfontein, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. A. T. Sloygett, C.M.G., 1903. 4. 12. 3. 106. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin separate). Alatwa district, Zululand ; same collector. Presented hy C. D. Budd, Esq., 1904. B.— Redunea fulvorufula chanleri. Cervicapra chanleri, Rothschild, Novit. Zool. iii., p. 53, 1895 ; Chanler, Through Jungle and Desei't, p. 431, 1896 ; Sdater and Thomas^ Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 183, 1897. Gervicapra fulvorufula chanleri, Jachson, Great and Small GaDie of Africa, p. 317, 1899 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 99 ; LydeMer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 228, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 220, 1910 ; Blaine, Ann, Mag. Nat Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 290, 1913. Eedunca chanleri, Trouessart, Cat. Mamni. Supjpl. p. 722, 1905. Eedunca fulvorufula chanleri, Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 417, 1910. Typical locality mountains east of Kenia, British East Africa. Type in Tring Museum. 224 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Skull-dimensions less than in typical race, as recorded under heading of species. Typically, according to 0. Neumann, a dark stripe on nose. 95. 5. 15. 1. Cast of type skull. Original (in Tring Museum) from mountains east of Kenia. Presented hy J. Rowland JFard, Usq., 1895. 98. 10. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Kedong Encampment, British East Africa. Presented ly B. W. Moffcit, E>^q., 1898. 0. 10. 5. 3-4. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, one immature. East of Kariendus Eiyer, British East Africa. Presented hy C. S. Betton, Esq., 1900. 0. 10. 5. 6. Skull, immature female. Same locality. Scune history. 0. 3. 27. 21-22. Two skins. Ella Doulan, British East Africa. Presented Inj the Lord Delctmere, 1900. 2. 12. 2. 1-2. Head, mounted, and two skins. East of Lake Margherita, East Africa. Presented hy the Lord LlindliiJ, 1902. 4. 12. 6. 15-16. Two skulls, with horns, and a skin. Fort Hall, British East Africa. Presented hy S. L. Hinde, Eseq., 1904. 10. 1. 13. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kedong Valley, British East Africa. Presented hy Major G. E. Tuson, 1910. C- Redunca fulvorufula shoana. Cervicapra f ulvoruf ula slioana, O.Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde^ 1902, p. 99 ; LydeM-er, Game Animals of Africa, p. 228, 1908. Typical locality Shoa. Type in collection of Dr. O. Neumann. Distinguished from ehanleri by absence of dark nose- stripe and certain small details in the skull and horns ; the absence or presence of the nose-stripe (which may be present in eirundinuni) in ehanleri was considered of no importance by Sclater and Thomas. 6. 11. 1. 63. Skull, with horns, and skin, provisionally referred to this somewhat doubtful race. Jaha Boru, Arusi- Gallaland ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. Presented hy W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906. REDUNCIN/E 225 III. Genus KOBUS. Kobus, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. pt. xii, pi. xxviii, 1840 ; Biitimeyer, Abh. scliiueiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 60, 1877 ; PococJc, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1910, 916. Kolus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mas. p. 159, 1843, (?) errorim. Cobus,* Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 284 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 95, 1896. Eobus, Zittel. Handbuch Palceont. vol. iv, Mamm. pp. 417 and 729, 1893, errorim. Size large or medium ; build generally heavy. Horns of male long, lunate or more or less sublyrate, and heavily ridged for the greater part of their length ; muffle normal ; rudimentary face-glands, f but no bare subauricular patch ; tail relatively long, reaching about to the hocks, with a ridge of hair on dorsal surface and a terminal tuft ; foot-glands wanting ; inguinal glands absent, or represented by a single pair of pouches ; coat usually hairy ; skull massive, with large lachrymal vacuities, large auditory bulLne, and the premaxilli^ reaching the long nasals. The distribution is practically the same as that of the subfamily. The genus is divisible into the following three suljgeneric groups : — A. No inguinal glands ; coat grizzled ; hair of back not reversed. Size large ; horns sublimate, inclin- ing forwards superiorly; neck heavily maned... Kobus, B. A single pair of inguinal pouches ; coat not grizzled ; hair of back usually reversed ; neck not heavily maned. a. Size medium ; coat long and rough, horns sublyr- ate, with a more or less marked double (sig- moid) flexure Onotragus. I). Size smaller ; coat typically short and smooth ; horns sublyrate, without distinct double flexure Adeno ta . * This is undoubtedly the proper Latinised form of the name, which, according to the Strickland code, ought to be employed, t See Pocock, oj). cit. p. 916. II. Q 226 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 1. Subgenus KOBUS. Large, heavily-built antelopes, with coarse, grizzled coat, not reversed on back, heavily maned neck, and, in the males, long, stout sublunate, forwardly inclined horns. The two species are distinguished as follows : — A. A white elliptical band on rump K. cUipsiprymnus, B. No white rump- band K. defassa. Distribution co-extensive, in suitable localities, with that of the genus. I. KOBUS ELLIPSIPEYMNUS. Antilope elhpsiprymnus, Ogilbij, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1833, p. 47, Penny Encylopoedia, vol. ii, p. 88, 1834 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38 ; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suppl. voL iv, p. 434, 1844, vol. V, p. 434, 1855; Peters, Beise nach Mossambique, Sdiigeth. p. 189, 1852. Aigoceros elhpsiprymnus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 186, 1834. Aigocerus ellipsiprymnus, Harris, Wild Sports S. Africa, p. 387, 1839, ed. 5, p. 351, 1852, Wild Anim. S. Africa, p. 71, pi. xiv, 1840. Kobus elhpsiprymnus, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. pt. xii, pis. xxviii and xxix, 1840 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 296, 1859, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 130, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 15, 1850, Cat. Tin- gulata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 15, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 86, 1873; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 239, 1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 101 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher k. AJc. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 176, 1869 ; Drummond, Large Game S. Africa, p. 426, 1875 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 224, 1880 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 268, 1884 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leydeii Mus. {Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. {ibid. vol. xi) p. 159, 1892, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 172, 1887 ; Nicholls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 44, 1892 ; True, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xv, p. 471, 1892 ; Pococh, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 4, 1910, p. 916 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. 7iat. Freunde, 1905, p. 93 ; Broun, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, vol. ii, p. 296 ; Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 556, 1911 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 126, 1912. Antilope ((Egocerus) elhpsiprymnus, Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. p. 180, 1842. Kolus ellipsiprymnus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843. KEDUNCIN/E 227 Cervicapra ellipsiprvmnus, Sundevall, K. SvensTia Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 195, 1846. Heleotragus ellipsiprymniis, Kirlf, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 658. Antilope elypsiprymnus, Oiven, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868. Cobus ellipsiprymnus, BucMey, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 284 ; Selous, ibid, 1881, p. 758, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 218, 1881 ; Crawshay, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 651 ; Sclater, ibid. 1891, p. 326, 1892, p. 471, 1893, p. 505, pi. xxxix ; Flower and LydeJdicr, Study of Mammals, p. 340, 1891 ; Wa7-d, Becords of Big Game, p. 84, 1892, ed. 6, p. 190, 1910 ; LydekJcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 223, 1893, Gi-eat and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 194, 1908 ; Bryden, Gun and Camera, p. 504, 1893; BarUey, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 131; Sivayne, ibid. p. 316, Thirteen Trips to Somali, p. 307, 1894 ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 132, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 97, pi. xxxii, 1896 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 185, 1900; Both- schild, Po'W ell- Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Bhodesia, p. 206, 1911. Wasserbok, or Waterbuck. Type of the genus. Typical locality the district between Lataku and the west coast, South Africa. Height at shoulder from about 48 to 53 inches ; * coat long and coarse ; general colour grizzled brownish grey, tending to blackish on the back, with the bases of the hairs whitish, paler on flanks, and passing into white on middle line of under-parts and inner sides of upper portion of hind- limbs; a conspicuous white elliptical band on the rump extending downwards on each side to the flanks ; feet dark brown, with a white band above hoofs ; sides of forehead dark brown ; a white line round nose, lips, and chin, and another over and in front of each eye ; an irregular band round neck greyish white ; ears hairy, white internally, and blackish externally, except at the base, where they are brownish, about 74 inches in length ; tail dark brown above and white beneath, about 11 inches long, exclusive of terminal tuft (4 inches). Horns large, and heavy, sublunate, inclining backw^ards and outwards at base, and then forwards and inwards towards and at the tips, heavily ridged for about three-fourths their length. Fine horns measure from 31 to •o" * Sclater and Thomas give the height as 39 inches ; Xicholls and Eglington as " often considerably more than 4 feet." Q 2 228 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 36^ inches in length, with a girth of from 8 J to 10 inches, and a tip-to-tip interval ranging from 13^ to 29 J inches. The range extends from South Africa north of the Limpopo along the coast-region through Nyasaland to German and British East Africa, and thence to the Shebeli Eiver, Somaliland. The following names have been applied to local forms of this species, but whether any or all are entitled to rank as distinct subspecies, the material in the Museum is insuffi- cient to determine. Some at least are probably typified by individual herds rather than by local races. a. Kobus ellipsiprymnus pallidus, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 410; Lbnnherg, K. Svens'ka Vet.-Ah. Hancll, vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 161, 1912. Typical locality Shebeli Valley, Somaliland. Type in collection of Major Powell-Cotton, at Quex Park, Birchington, Kent. A somewhat pale form, in which the general colour is light brown (fawn), purest on the forehead, legs, and root of tail, on the neck and back with black tips to the hairs, on the sides mingled with grey, on the feet darker ; white eye-streak short ; white of chin not extending to angle of mouth ; throat and chest very light, with an admixture of grey and sepia-brown hairs; upper part of ears margined with dark brown ; sides of head fawn-brown, strongly suffused with sej)ia-brown ; hoof-band complete, as in typical race. Based on two immature specimens. h. Kobus ellipsiprymnus thikse, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 411 ; Lonnbergy K. Svenska Vet.-ATx, Handl. vol. xlviii, art. 5, p. 161, 1912, Typical locality Thika Valley, north of the Donyo-Sabuk, Kenia district, British East Africa. Type in collection of Major Powell-Cotton. Forehead burnt-umber ; upper side of nose blackish grey- brown, with a very narrow white line round muffle ; white eye-streak twice as long as in last, not pure white, but mingled with brown hairs ; sides of head light brownish grey strongly suffused with sepia; white of chin extending to REDUNCINiE 229 angle of mouth ; tliroat and chest warm sepia or sooty ; back reddish sepia, with little grey on the sides, but the flanks light umber-brown ; hoof-ljand incomplete ; light neck-band (as in the preceding) stopping short of root of ear, which it reaches in typical race. Skull relatively wide. c. Kobus elhpsiprymnus kondensis, Matschic, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 556, 1911. Typical locality ]\Iwaya, at north-western end of Lake Nyasa, S.W. Kondeland, German East Africa. Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin. Eesembles K. c. thikm in the incompleteness of the white hoof-band and the dark colour of the remainder of the foot, l:)ut is distinguished by the general colour being less dark ; on the hind half of the neck, the shoulders, and the sides of the body the tint is not lighter than broccoli-brown ; on the middle of the back and upper half of legs much the same, and only on the feet and lower part of legs umber-brown. d. Kobus elhpsiprymnus lipuwa, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. V, pt. 3, p. 560, 1911. Typical locality between Mwaya and Mbaka Valleys, German East Africa. Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin. Named on the evidence of the skull and horns, for the characteristics of which reference must be made to the original description, as it is too long to quote. c. Kobiis ellipsiprymnus kulu, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. V, pt. 3, p. 561, 1911. Typical locality Maliwe, westward of Kilwa, German East Africa. Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin. Also named from the skull and horns alone, the descrip- tion of which is too long and detailed for quotation in this place. /. Kobus ellipsiprymnus canescens, Lonnhcrg, K. SvensTca Vct.-Alx. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 160, 1912. Typical locality Guaso-nyiro, British East Africa. Type in Royal Swedish Museum of Natural History. 230 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Stated to be considerably paler than tliikpe, without trace of reddish sepia on back, but with more grey on flanks and paler ears. Smaller and paler than typical race. In extreme cases the paleness passes into semialbinism. (J. Kobus ellipsiprymnus kuru, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect. vol. Ixi, no. 13, p. 6, 1913. Typical locality Taveta, Kilimanjaro district, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. A large form distinguished from fhiJca3 by its darker, sepia-brown general colour ; legs darker brown, but nose not darker than body, and presenting but little contrast in colour to forehead. 83. 7. 28. 6. Skin, mounted. Upper Manyami Valley, Mashonaland; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Length of horns 33, basal girth 9|, tip-to-tip interval llj inches; the specimen stands sixth in Ward's 1910 list. Purchased, 1913. 83. 7. 28. 6. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and collector. Same history. 42. 4. 11. 7. Skin, mounted. South Africa; collected by Sir Andrew Smith. Purchased {Warwick), 1842. 48. 7. 13. 2. Frontlet and horns. South Africa. Purchased ( Warwick), 1848. 61. 12. 3. 1. Skull, with horns. Algoa Bay. Presented hy C. Wemys, Esq., 1861. 63. 8. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Presented hj G. W. Clapp, Esq., 1863. 48. 3. 15. 1. Skull, with horns. South Africa. Purchased {Argent), 1848. 63. 7. 7. 9. Skull, with horns. Knigani Valley, Ugarama. Presented hy Capt. J. H. Speke, 1863. 63. 7. 7. 10. Skull, female. Makorta, near Bagamoya. Same history. 93. 5. 6. 7-8. Two skulls, wdth horns. Zomba, Nyasa- land ; collected by A. Whyte, Esq. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1893. 93. 7. 9. 26-27. Two frontlets and horns. Same locality. Same history. KEDUNCIN/E 231 97. 11. 21. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1897. 10. 12. 17. 1. Head, mounted, and body-skin. Loiian Swamp, British East Africa. This specimen belongs to a pale phase not uncommon in the Lorian Swamp and adjacent parts of the Guaso-nyiro. These pale-coloured Lorian water- buck, as mentioned by Col. W, H. Broun (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, p. 297), and also by Lord Gifford in The Field of August 6th, 1910, liave eyes of the normal colour, and tlius are not true albinos. Col. Broun's buck, which was in company with a white doe when shot, was obtained in July, 1904, on the right or north bank of the Guaso- nyiro, about twenty miles to the westward of the Lorian Swamp. Lord Gifford obtained two white bucks on the north bank of that river, where lie saw four other examples, as well as a calf on the south bank. He describes having seen a white male and female in company, but other- wise the wdiite individuals were mingled with normally coloured animals. One white calf is recorded as having been seen with a dark dam, but it appeared to have grey patches on the head and back. These accounts indicate that pale- coloured waterbuck are comparatively common in the Lorinn district, although they do not herd by themselves. These pale forms are referable to canescens, but they suggest a case somewhat analogous to that of the grey reedbucks (iic^/^/?i6Y6 arundinum) of the Songwi Eiver, near its entrance into Lake Nyasa (see p. 209). Presented hj Lord Gifford, 1910. 10. 12. 17. 2. Skull and skin, pale-coloured female. Same locality. ^cime history. 7. 10. 25. 7. Frontlet and horns. Portuguese East Africa. Presented hy F. Vaiighan Kirhy, Esq., 1907. 10. 4. 10. 2. Skull, with horns. Portuguese East Africa. Length of horns olj inches. Presented hy J. Eoidand Ward, Esq., 1910. 1. 4. .3. 2. Frontlet and horns. Barotsiland. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1901. 1. 4. 3. 3. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history. 98. 7. 2. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin separate). Dan Valley, a tributary of the Juba, East Africa. Bequeathed hy H. Andrew, Esq., 1898. 232 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 98. 7. 2. 12. Skin. Same locality. Same history. 51. 12. 23. 7-8. Two skulls, female. Locality unknown. Fur chased (Stevens), 1851. 93. 12. 1. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Webi Valley, Somalilancl ; collected by Lieut. -Col. H. G. C. Swayne. This and Xo. 93. 6. 30. 9 should belong to Matschie's K. e. pallldus. Presented hy Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1893. 93. 6. 30. 9. Skull, female. Shebeli Valley, Somaliland. Presented hy Gen. Sir Artlmr Paget, K.C.B., 1893. 11. KOBUS DEFASSA. Antilope defassa, BilppeU, Neue Wirhelth. Ahyssin. p. 9, pi. iii, 1835-40 ; Wagner, Schreher's Sdugthiere, Suiypl. vol. iv, p. 423, 1844 ; Beichenhach, Sdiigeth. vol. iii, p. 138, 1845. Redunca defassa, Buppell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senchenherg, pt. 1, p. 182, 1842. Kobus sing-sing, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843, partim. Cervicapra defassa, Sundevall, K. Sve?isJca Vet.-Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 195, 1846. Kobus defassa. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846 ; Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Ca7'. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 15, 1863, Beise Ahyssin. vol. ii, p. 109, 1877 ; Fitzinger, Sitzher. k. Ah. Wiss. Wien,\o\. lix, pt. 1, p. 176, 1869 ; Matschie, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 134, 1910, p. 412 ; 0. Neumann, ibid. 1895, p. 92; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907; Focock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 916; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mamm. Mus. Madrid, p. 126, 1912 ; Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 495, note, 1913. Kobus sing-sing. Gray, Knoiusley Menagerie, p. 15, 1850, Cat. Ungu- lata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 15, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 78, 1813, partim. Antilope defassa var. abyssinica, Wagner, Schreher's SdugtJiiere, Suppl. vol. V, p. 435, 1855. Cobus defassus, Floiver and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 140, 1891 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893. Kobus defassus, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. [Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887 ; Jackson, Big Game Shooting {Badminton Lihr.) vol. i, pp. 285 and 304, 1894. Cobus defassa, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 727, 1895, p. 868 ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 124, 1895; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 115, pi. xxxvi, 1896 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 75, 1897 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269^ 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 199, 1908; Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902; Johnston, Uganda Protectorate, vol. i, p. xi, pi. facing p. 192, 1902; Lonnbcrg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 7, 1907 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 329, 1907 ; Drake-Brockman, Mamm. of Somali. p. 72, 1910; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 193, 1910. TvEDUNCIX/E DeFASSA, or SiNG-SlNG. Type of Kolns. Typical locality uear Lake Tana, Abyssinia, in the neigh- bourhood of the uj^per course of tlie Blue Nile. Distinguished from the type species by the elliptical white ring on the rump being replaced by a large white Fig. 27. — Skull and Horns of Uganda Defassa {Kobiis defassa ugandce). patch, not extending above level of root of tail ; ears usually shorter than in that species ; general colour ranging from bright rufous to smoky or blackish grizzled ; markings, with the exception of the rump-patch, and colour-pattern of the same general type as in K. clliijsvprymmis. Horn-dimensions are given under the headings of the races. Distribution approximately co-extensive with that of the genus. The species is represented in the collection by at least 234 CATALOGUE OF Ui^GULATES five well-defined races, which may be briefly defined as follows : — A. -Ears relatively long and pointed ; a large white area (in addition to eye-streak) round eye. a. Size smaller; general colour rufous brown... K. d. dcfassa. h. Size larger; general colour bright rufous, especially on forehead K. d. ugandce. B. Ears shorter and rounded ; no large white area round eye. a. General colour rufous K. d. unctuosus. h. General colour smoky. a'. Back lighter K. d. crawsliayi. h'. Back darker K. d. jpenricei. In addition to the above, and apart from certain so-called races which do not seem to be separable from C. d. j^nricei, the following names — many of which are probably based on indivickml herds rather than on races — have been applied to local forms of the defassa : — a. KOBUS HARNIERI. Kobus sing-sing, Murie, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1863, p. 3, pi. ii. Antilope harnieri, Murie (ex Kaup), op. cit. p. 5, 1863. Cobus harnieri, Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 76, 1897. Kobus harnieri, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 92 ; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409. Cobus defassa harnieri, Lydehlier, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908. Kobus defassa harnieri, Boosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Typical locality White Nile. Type in Darmstadt Museum. Described as having the coat shorter and less shaggy than that of unduosus, and of an umber tint, quite unlike the russet or yellowish brown of that of ngandm. b. Kobus unctuosus matschiei, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freundey 1905, p. 92 ; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409. Cobus defassa matschiei, LydeJcJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908. Typical locality mouth of the Galana Eiver, Lake Abaya. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Xeumann. General colour rufous, passing into iron-grey on crown of head and sides of body ; white eye-streak sharper and longer, and white chin-band wider than in harnieri. KEDUXCIN^ 235 c. Kobus adolfi-friclerici, Matschie, WeidwerJc in Wort u. Bild, vol. xv, p. 234, 1906, Sitzher. Gcs. nat. Frcunde, 1910, p. 409. Cobus ellipsiprvmnus adolfi-frederici, Lydel-kcr, Game Animals of Africa, p. 196, 1908. Typical locality upper Orangi, south of Ikoma, German East Africa. Type apparently in Derlin Zoological Museum. Described from a head characterised by the dark colour of the nose, the absence of a white band on the throat, and the relatively short horn-tips. d. Cobus defassa tjaederi, Lonnberg, ArTciv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 7, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 202, 1908. Kobus defassa tjaederi, Matschie, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, pp. 409 and 414. Typical locality junction of the Guaso-hanek and Guaso- nyiro, north-western Laikipia, British East Africa. Type in Eoyal Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm. Darker than the typical defassa, with a greater extension of the dark areas. Black of face extending from above white ring over muzzle to over middle of white eye-streak, and on to side of angle of mouth, thus covering a larger area than in typical defassa; eye-streak well-defined, but not extending i'urther backwards than anterior third of eye ; above the black face the forehead bright rufous mixed with black ; sides of face behind black area like forehead except for a paler huffish brown patch between eye and root of ear ; backs of ears rufous bordered with white, tips black ; neck rufous above but greyish brown on sides ; body-colour dark brown, with a rufous tinge, much darker than the rufous brown of typical defassa ; under-parts dark smoky brown ; legs and feet black with a brownish shade in front and a narrow white hoof-band ; tail like back at root, but nearly black at tip. Horns apparently shorter, stouter and less curved than in typical defassa. e. Kobus unctuosus tschadensis, Schwarz, A^nn. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 267, 1913. Kobus defassa tschadensis, Schivarz, o;p. cit. p. 495, 1913. Typical locality Mafaling, Shari Valley, north-w^est Africa. Type in Senckenberg Museum. 236 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Chiefly distinguished from typical defassa by the narrower skull and the paler tint of fore part of back, the fawn of which contrasts markedly with the ochery tinge of the thighs and flanks ; forehead tawny ; middle of face brownish black, paler posteriorly ; cheeks fawn. /. Kobus defassa annectens, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 494, 1913. Typical locality Badingua, Upper Shari Yalley. Described as intermediate between the preceding and the following form, being much darker than in tschadensis, with a shorter mane. Anterior portion of back, withers, and upper part of shoulders brownish red, strongly suffused with black and less contrasted with the colour of the neck than in tschadensis; neck similar, but with less black suffusion, owing to the shorter blackish tips of hairs ; crown and forehead brownish red ; middle portion of face similar, but some hairs with black tips, notably near muzzle; cheeks greyish red ; backs of ears reddish brown in basal two-thirds, ' apical third black, whereas in tschadensis only the extreme tip and in schubotzi the terminal fourth is blackish ; white of buttocks sharply contrasted with brownish red area bordering dark of rump ; hind-legs from hocks, fore-legs from below shoulders, and tail-tip brownish black ; light bands round lateral hoofs dirty white, those round hoofs brownish ; under- parts sooty brown, except inguinal region, which is white. g. Kobus defassa schubotzi, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 495, 1913. Typical locality Duma, near Libenge, Ubangui (Ubangi) Valley, north-west Africa. Type in Senckenberg Museum. Allied to annectens, but distinguished by its shorter coat, more lirownish colour, blackish face, and more slender horns. The describer observes that " the pale K. d. tschadensis, with its long fur and indistinct markings, and the dark K. d. schuhotzi, with its bright markings and short coat, seem at first to represent different species rather than local forms of the same species, but the two are connected by K. d. annectens, which combines the long fur of ^. d. tschadensis with the dark colour of the present form." REDUNCIN.E 237 *^* For the characteristics of the following forms, the types of which, unless otherwise stated, are in the collection of Major Powell-Cotton at Quex Park, Birchington, Kent, reference must be made to the original descriptions. The colour of the forehead, the extent of the dark nose-patch, the length of the white eye-stripe, and the degree of extension of the whitish throat-patch towards the roots of the ears form some of the chief colour-differences. h. Kobus defassa hawashensis, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. FreundCy 1910, p. 413. Typical locality Hawash Valley, Abyssinia. i. Kobus defassa powelli, Matschie, ojj. cit. p. 415, 1910. Typical locality Laikipia Plateau, British East Africa. j. Kobus defassa angusticeps, Matschie, op. cit. p. 416, 1910. Typical locality Laikipia Plateau. h. Kobus defassa nzoiae, Matschie, op. cit. p. 417, 1910. Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East Africa. I. Kobus defassa raineyi. Seller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi^ No. 13, p. 5, 1913. Typical locality Amala Valley, British East Africa. Type in U. S. National Museum. A large form distinguished from tjcuderH by the redder general colour and smaller. blackish nose-patch, which stops short of line of eyes. Distinguished from nzoicc by superior size, narrower skull, and absence of rufous on nape of neck. m. Kobus defassa fulvifrons, Matschie, op. cit. p. 418, 1910. Typical locality eastward of Kitosh, between the Nzoia and Guaso-masa, British East Africa. n. Kobus defassa avellanifrons, Matschie, ojj. cit. p. 419, 1910. Typical locality near Kasindi, in the neighbourhood of the mouth of the Semliki, Albert-Edward Nyanza. 238 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 0. Kobus defassa cottoni, Matschie, op. cit. p. 420, 1910. Typical locality Kasindi. p. Kobus defassa dianse, Matschie, op. cit. p. 421, 1910. Typical locality Labelier, or Lobelia, about ten miles from Kasindi. q. Kobus defassa breviceps, Matschie, op. cit. p. 424, 1910. Typical locality Pembe, on the Nile between Dufile and Matete. T. Kobus defassa albertensis, Matschie, op. cit. p. 426, 1910 ; no description. Typical locality Albert Nyanza. s. Kobus defassa ladoensis, Matschie, op. cit. p. 426, 1910. Typical locality between Dufile and Lado. t. Kobus defassa griseotinctus, Matschie, op. cit. p. 427, 1910. Typical locality Kerri, near Kero, north of Lado. u. Kobus imctuosa uwendensis, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. V, p. 570, 1911. Typical locality near Isawa, eastern shore of Tanganyika. Type in Berlin Museum. A.— Kobus defassa defassa. Cobus defassa typicus, Jachson, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 282, 1899; LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908. Cobus unctuosus defassa, Schiuarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 267, 1913, errorim {op. cit. p. 495, note). Defassa. Typical locality near Lake Tana, Abyssinia. General colour rufous brow^n, with the bases of the hairs greyish white ; under-parts and inner sides of limbs white ; forehead chestnut-red, sides of face and eye-streak white ; ears relatively long (about 8 inches) and pointed, rufous at REDUNCIN.E 239 back ; feet blackish brown, passing into black towards hoofs ; tail (about 12 inches long, exclusive of tuft) coloured like back above ; hairs on neck lon^i and harsh. Fine horns measure from about 29J to 33 inches in length, with a girth of from 8 to 9 J and a tip-to-tip interval of from 154 ^^ about 21 inches. The range of this race is generally considered to extend from western Abyssinia, through Sennar, Kordofan, and the Nile A^alley, to the 15har-el-Ghazal and Lado, and British and German East Africa, l)ut if some at least of the above- mentioned forms are admitted to rank as races, it will have to be more or less curtailed. 76. 9. 26. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Atbara Valley, Abyssinia. Parchascd [Gerrard), 1876. 76. 9. 26. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull, female. Same locality. Same history. 76. 9. 26. 3. Skeleton. Same locality. Same history. 74. 11. 2. 6. Skull, with liorns, and skin. Eoan Valley, north-west Abyssinia. Purchased, 1874. 6. 11. 1. 59. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Zuay (Zwai), Gallalanfl ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. May belong to hawashcnsis. Presented hy W. N. McMillan, Esq., 190(5. 9. 2. 10. 1. Head, mounted. Sudan. Presented hy K. C. B. Struve, Esq., 1909. 5. 9. 21. 6-7. Two skulls, with horns. Near Eoseires, Sennar, Blue Nile. Presented hy CaiJt. E. de H. Smith, 1905. 2. 9. 4. 1. Skin, mounted. Southern Somaliland. Presented hy A. L. Butler, Escq., 1902. 0. 8. 6. 14. Skull and skin, female. White Nile. This and the next two specimens should represent harnieri. Presented hy Capt. S. S. Flower, 1900. 0. 8. 6. 15. Immature skin. Same locality. Same history. 0. 8. 6. 12-13. Two skins. Bahr-el-Jeref, Upper Nile. Same history. 12. 11. 13. 12. Skull, with horns. Binder Valley, Sudan ; collected by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe. Presented hy Col. J. E. Gunthorpe, 1912. 98. 7. 2. 8-10. Skull, with horns, head-skin, and body- skin. Lake Paidolf. This and the next three specimens 240 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES may belong to fulvifroiis, which is stated by its describer probably to occur in the neighbourhood of Lake Eudolf. Presented hy H. Andrew, Esq., 1898. 4. 7. 2. 10-11. Two heads, mounted, and the associated body-skins. Probably from the same district. Bequeathed hy H. Andreio, Esq., 1904. 97. 11. 21. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa. Presented hy J. Roioland Ward, Esq., 1897. 12. 9. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. German East Africa, may be referable to adolfi-friderici of Matschie. Presented hy Ca/pt. W. Silver, 1912. 94. 1. 2. 3. Skin. Njiemps, Lake Baringo, British East Africa. This and the next specimen may be referable to angnsticeps, which occurs near Lake Baringo. Presented hy Dr. J. W. Gregory, 1894. 1. 8. 9. 70. Skull and head-skin, female. Lake Baringo. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 1. 8. 9. 69. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Eavine Station, British East Africa. Eeferable, doubtless, to one of the forms from this district described by Matschie. Same history. 9. 7. 8. 6. Skin. Sobat Valley, southern Sudan. Presented hy C. C. Tower, Esq., 1909. 59. 9. 23. 4. Skull, with horns. Bahr-el-Ghazal. This, and perhaps the preceding specimen, may represent Mat- schie's ladoensis or griseotinctus. Presented hy Consul J. P ether ich, 1859. 3. 6. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, albino female. Zambesia. This specimen appears to be a true albino, with red eyes. Presented hy B. H. Storey, Esq., 1903. B.— Kobus defassa ugrandse. Kobus unctiiosus ugandae, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde^ 1905, p. 92 ; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409. Cobus defassa ugandae, LydeM-er, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908 ; Eoosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910. Kobus defassa ugandae, Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 5, 1910. Typical locality Maianda Valley, northern Uganda. Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann. REDUNCIX.E 241 Described as being lighter-coloured than harnieri* with the forehead bright rufous and more sharply contrasting with the body-colour than in either hcmiieri or matschiei* Size large. Horns more uniformly curved and longer than in (L defassa, and thus closely approximating to those of K. cUipsiprymnus. Fine horns measure from 31 to 36 J inches in length, with a girth of from 8^ to 10 J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 18|- to 36 inches. The Semliki and Nyanza forms to which separate names have been given by Matschie j are here regarded as inseparable from this race, 63. 7. 7. 1. Head, mounted, Uganda. Noticed l>y Murie. Froc. Zool. Soc, 1863, p. 3. Presented hy Cccpt. J. H. Speke, 1863. 1. 8. 9. 124-5. Two skulls with horns. Torn, Uganda. In the larger specimen (fig. 27) the length of the horns is 34J inches. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901. 5. 4. 3. 19-20. Two skins. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Presented hy Lieut.-Col. C. Delme-Puideliffe, 1905. 5. 4. 3. 21. Skeleton. Same locality and collector. Same history^ 12. 12. 16. 1. Skull, with horns. Ankoli. Presented hy Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1912. C— Kobus defassa unctuosus. Cervus sing-sing, Bennett, Bejp. Council Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 5, nomen nudum. Antilope koba, Ogilby, Penny Cyclopaedia, vol. i, p. 79, 1834, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 103, nee Erxleben. Antilope sing-sing, Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838, nomen nudum. Antilope unctuosa, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841 ; Wagne?', Schreher's Sdugtliiere, Siqjpl. vol. iv, p. 434, 1844. Kolus sing-sing, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843. Kobus sing-sing. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, Knoivslcy Menagerie, p. 15, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 131, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Buminants * Supra, p. 234. f Ihid. p. 237. II. R 242 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES Brit. Mils. p. 15, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamin. Brit. Mus. p. 262, 1862. Antilope defassa, var. senegalensis, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Sujipl. voL V, p. 435, 1855. Adenota sing-sing, Fitzinger, Sitzher. Jc. AJi\ Wiss. Wien, voL lix, pt. 1, p. 174, 1869. Cobus sing-sing, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883. Cobus unctuosus, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 726 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 105, pi. xxxiii, 1896 ; Bothschild, Poiv ell- Cotton's Sporting Trij) through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902. Cobus defassa unctuosus, Arnold, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 276, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 197, 1910. Cobus onctuosus, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 929, 1898, (?) errorim. Kobus defassa unctuosus, PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 4 (hybrid). Cobus defassa sing-sing, LijdeJcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201, 1908. Kobus unctuosus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 92. Kobus unctuosa, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409. Sing-sing. Typical locality Senegal. General colour sandy brown, with the bases of the hairs whitish ; flanks browner, and contrasting strongly with white rump-patch ; backs of ears, including margins, blackish, inner surfaces filled with long white hairs ; hairs of neck long, thin, and somewhat paler than back ; front of face rather darker brown than back ; feet blackish, with narrow white hoof-bands ; tail thin, brown above, like back, with a black tip, length about 14 inches. Fine horns measure from 27 to 31 J- inches in length, with a girth of 7J to lOJ, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 12 to 23 inches. The distributional area is taken to include Senegal, Gambia, Nigeria, the Shari Valley, Sierra Leone, and other parts of West Africa. The Shari Valley sing-sing has, however, been separated as tschadcnsis, and other named forms in the list on pages 234-238 are also based on modifications of the sing-sing. 61.2.10.3. Skin, mounted. Gambia; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Presented hj the Earl of Derby, 1861. 46. 11. 20. 12. Skull, female. Same locality and collector. Same donor, 1846.. REDUNCINiE 243 46. 10. 17. 2. Skeleton, immature. Same locality and collector. Same histonj. 4G. 10. 17. 3. Skin, mounted, young. Same locality and collector. Same history. 46. 10. 17. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality and collector. Same history. Fig. 28. — Skull and Horns of Shari Defassa {Cobus defassa unctuosus (?)). 57. 2. 24. 4. Skin. West Africa. Purchased {Zoological Society), 1857. 57. 2. 24. 5. Skeleton, female. West Africa. Same history. 5. 12. 10. 4. Skull, female. Lagos. Presented hy W. A. Boss, Escj., 1905. 4. 8. 2. 91. Skin, female. Sierra Leone. Presented hy J. Pvoivland Ward, Esq., 1904. R 2 24-i CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 5. 5. 10. 5. b'kull, with horns, and skin. Wase, Northern Nigeria. Presented ly Dr. H. K. W. Kunini, 1905. 5. 5. 10. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality. Same history. 1. 2. 25. 1. Skin. Niger Valley; collected by Major J. A. Bindon. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1901. 7. 7. 8. 237-238. Two skulls, with horns, and skins (head-skins se^Darate). Ibi, Northern Nigeria; collected by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition. Presented ty the Alexander -Gosling Expedition, 1907. 7. 7. 8. 239-241. Three skulls with horns (fig. 27) and head-skins. Shari Valley. These should be tschadensis. Same collection and history, D.— Kobus defassa crawshayi. Cobus crawshayi, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 723 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelo'pes, vol. ii, p. 109, pi. xxxiv, 1896; Bothschild, Poiuell-Cotton's Sjporting Trijp through Abyssinia, ■ p. 466, 1902. Cobus defassa crawshayi, Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 280, 1899 ; Lydekher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201, 1908 ; Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 196, 3910; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Bhodesia, p. 206, 1911. Kobus crawshayi, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409. Typical locality north side of Lake Mweru, north-east Rhodesia. General colour dark iron or smoky grey, passing into blackish on back of neck, lower portions of limbs, and tail, and forming a striking contrast to the large white rump- patch ; this colour becomes gradually lighter and more greyish on flanks, and then merges into the whitish of the under-parts. Fine horns measure from 27 to 31 J inches in length, with a girth of from 7 J- to 10^, and a tip-to-tip interval ranging from 12 to 23 inches. 93. 7. 25. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. North shore of Lake Mweru ; collected by E. Crawshay, Esq. Type. Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1893. 93. 7. 25. 4. Skin and skull with horns. Same locality and collector. Same history. 93. 7. 25. 5. Skin. Same locality and collector. Same history. REDUNCIX.E 245 94. 3. 8. 11. Skin. Same locality. Presented hy Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1894. 8. 2. 14. 11. Skull, with horns. South Angoniland. Presented hy C. P. C. Storey, Esq., 1908. E.— Kobus defassa penricei. Cobiis penricei, Rothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. ii, p. 32, pi. iv, 1895, PoweU-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Bryden, Field, vol. Ixxxvii, p. 653, 1896 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 113, pi. xxv, 1896. Cobus defassa penricei, Penrice, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 281, 1899 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 197, 1910. Kobus penricei, Matschie, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409» Mitt. Zool, Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 564, 1911. Including Kobus penricei frommi, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 563, 1911, western German E. Ah-ica. Kobus penricei muenzneri, Matschie, op. cit. p. 567, 1911, German E. Africa, east of Tankan^ika. Typical locality interior of Benguela, Angola. Type in Tring Museum. General colour deep brownish black, mingled with reddish l)rown hairs, thus producing a blue-roan effect, most marked on under-parts and back ; face black, except at base of horns and between ears, where it is chestnut ; a white patch on upper part of throat ; backs of ears rufous brown, with blackish margins and tips ; lower part of legs nearly uniform black, with a narrow white hoof-band ; tail black above and wliite beneath. Horns relatively short and stout ; fine Angolan specimens measuring from 24J to 29 inches in length, with a girth of from 8 to 8j, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 9^ to 20 inches. If the above-mentioned forms named by ]\Iatschie are really nearly related to the typical j:>f?i?'icci, the range of the race (or of nearly allied races) will include western German East Africa. 0. 10. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Balomba Valley, Angola. Presented by G. IV. Penrice, Esq., 1900. 0. 10. 14. 1. Skull and skin, female. Same locality; collected by G. W. Penrice, Esq. Purchased (Gerrard), 1900. 246 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 2. Subgenus ONOTRAGUS. Onotragus, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Miis. p. 17, 1872. Size intermediate between typical Kohus and Adcnota ; coat long and rough, not grizzled ; hair of back nonnal or reversed ; neck not heavily maned ; horns comparatively long and slender, sublyrate, with a more or less marked double (sigmoid) flexure ; a single pair of inguinal pouches. Distribution east southern and central eastern Africa. The members of this group — whether regarded as distinct species, or, as they may ultimately prove to be, local races of the lechwe — appear to present an analogy in the matter of coloration to the local forms of the typical species of the subgenus Adcnota ; rufous and foxy coloured forms inhabiting the more open districts, while in the hot, moist region of the swamps of the Sol)at the colour changes to l)lack. The transition from the typical rufous lechwe, through Smithe- man's lechwe, to the black Sobat form is, however, so far as present information goes, less nearly complete — l)oth in the matter of colour and horn-shape— than in the members of the kob group, and the various local forms are, therefore, accorded, at least provisionally, specific rank. The four representatives of the group — of which the second is provisionally recognised — may be distinguished as follows : — A. No white patch in front of withers. a. Hair of back not reversed ; general colour w^holly or mainly fulvous. a\ General colour wholly fulvous K.leche. b^. Some black on bases of shoulders and neck K. rohertsi. h. Hair of back reversed ; general colour of back, shoulders, thighs and face more or less blackish brown K. smitliemani. B. A large white patch in front of withers K. maria. III. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) LECHE. Kobus leche. Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 23, 1850; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 174. Adenota leche, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 130, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 212, 1851; Hicef, Bull. Soc. Acclim. REDUNCIN^ 247 ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 77, 1887; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 71, 1897. Adenota lechee, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mns. p. 97, 1852; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862. Heleotragus leche, Kirlx, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 658. Onotragus lechee. Gray, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 17, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1873. Cobus leechi, BucTdey, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1876, p. 201. Cobus lechee, Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 760, A Hunter's Wan- dcrings in S. Africa, p. 220, 1881 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 90, 1892 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 728 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 149, pi. xlii, 1896 ; Both- schild, Poiucll-Cottoji's SjJorting Trij) through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902. Kobus lechee, NichoUs and Eglington, Sportsman in South Africa, p. 42, 1892. Cobus leche, LydeTilier, Horns and Hoofs, p. 225, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Garne Animals of Africa, p. 218, 1908; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 189, 1900 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 207, 1910. Cobus lechi, Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 299, 1899. Cobus lechwe, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. Lechwe, Leche, or Lichi. Type of Onotragus. Typical locality Zonga Valley, near Lake Ngami. Size intermediate between that of the waterbiick and that of the kob, the shoulder-height being about 40 or 41 inches. Hair coarse, rather long, and rough, that of middle of back directed backwards ; hind surface of pasterns bare. General colour light fulvous ; under-parts, from chin downwards and backwards, white ; area above shoulders, nape of neck, and region round eyes coloured like back ; fronts of whole of fore-legs and those of hind-legs from the hocks downwards, with the exception of a broad white band above hoofs, black; tail slender, with a black terminal tuft, just reaching level of hocks. Horns long, moderately slender, sublyrate in form, with an imperfect double, or sigmoid, curve ; fine specimens measure from 29 to 33^ inches in length, with a girth of from 7 j to 9^, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 18 (in one instance 15) to 27 inches. The distributional area extends from Zambesia to Barot- siland (North-west Ehodesia) and Nyasaland, and westwards to Angola. 248 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 50. 7. 4. 2. Skin, mounted. Zonga Valley. Type. Presented ly Capt. F. Vardon, 1850. 81. 4. 20. 1. Skin, mounted. Chobi Valley; collected by r. C. Selous, Esq. Head figured in The Book of Ante- lopes, vol. ii, p. 151. Fur chased, 1881. Fig. 29.— Head of the Lechwe [Kcbiis [Onotragus'] leche). Skull, with horns Linyanti, Chobi Valley ; Same history. mounted (fig. 29). Barotsiland, 81. 7. 27. 2. same collector. 0. 11. 25. 1. Head, ]N"orth-eastern Ehodesia. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1900. 99. 3. 21. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Barotsiland. Presented hy R. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1899. 94. 3. 8. 9. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyasaland; collected by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G. Presented hy Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1894. REDUNCIN.E 249 94. .3. 8. 9. Frontlet and horns. Same locality and collector. Same histori/. 0. 8. 17. 1. Skull, with horns, and female head-skin. Angola. Frcscntrd hj G. W. Frnrire, Enq., 1900. IV. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) EOBERTSI. Cobus robertsi, RothscJiild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237 ; Lyclel-Jier, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 12, 1911. Typical locality district between Lakes Mweru and Bangweolo, Northern PJiodesia. Type in Tring Museum.^ Stated to differ from typical lechwe by the presence of black patches on sides of lower part of neck and fore portion of shoulders, as well as by admixture of black hairs on cheeks and sides of throat and neck. The horns are smaller and less massive, with broader and more approximated ridges. As this lechwe occurs in company with the true lechwe, it must be regarded — if anything more than a melanistic phase — as a species rather than a race. 13. 11. 26. 1. Body-skin. Luena Valley, tributary of the Kalungwisi, N.E. Ehodesia. Presented hij G. Blaine, Esq., 1913. 13. 11. 27. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Loango Valley, N.E. Ehodesia. Presented hy 0. E. Wynne, Esq., 1913. V. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) SMITHEMANI. Cobus smithemani, Lydehher, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 982, pi. Ixxi, Game Animals of Africa, p. 222, 1908; Bothschihl, Powell- Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, 1^.466,1902; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Ehodesia, p. 189, 1911. Cobus smithemanni, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237. Typical locality borders of Lake ^Iweru, Barotsiland, Northern Ehodesia. Nearly related to K. leche, but with the hair of back reversed, and head, upper-parts, and fronts of limbs more or less completely blackish brown in adult bucks; elsewhere 250 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES rufous ; horns somewhat intermediate in character between those of Icchc and maria, showing a more decided sigmoid flexure than in the former. Good horns measure from 20 to 24^ inches in length, with a girth of from 5 J to 7, and a tip-to-tip interval of from llj to 18 J inches. Kohus rohcrtsi is stated to occur in the same area as the typical smithcmani, and according to Eothschild, Icchc is likewise found in the same district, but this is denied by Letcher, who mentions that while black lechwes swarm in the swamps round Lake Tumbwa, North-east Ehodesia, he never observed a single example of the true lechwe. Black lechwes, he observes, appear to be restricted " to the immense marshes which surround Lakes -Bangweolo and Mweru and Tumbwa in North-eastern Ehodesia, and in some parts of the Lukanga Swamp in North-western Ehodesia." A specimen entered below indicates, however, the extension of the range into Congo territory. 99. 2. 22. 1. Skin. Near Lake Mweru. Type. Presented hi/ T. Smithemcin, Esq., 1899. 3. 11. 17. 2. Skin, mounted. Lake Mweru. Presented hy the Hon. Walter Rothschild, 1903. 4. 2. 15. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Bang- weolo. Same donor, 1904. 2. 7. 21. 1. Head, female, mounted. Lake Mweru. Presented hy Pi. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1902. 12. 3. 16. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Kashedi, Chambesi Valley, east of Lake Bangweolo. Presented hy the Hon. W. Guinness, 1912. 7. 11. 28. 1. Skin. Lualaba Valley, Congo. Presented hy J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1907. 12. 12. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Mukamba Valley, North-east Ehodesia. Presented hy 0. E. Wynne, Esq., 1912. 7. 11. 15. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and head-skins. Chambesi Valley, Chinsola district. Presented hy R. L. Hcnges, Esq., 1907. 7. 11. 15. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same locality. Same history. 7. 11. 15. 9. Flat skin. Same locality. Same history. EEDUNCIN^ 251 VI. KOBUS (ONOTliAGUS) MAEIA. Adenota megaceros, Fitzingcr (ex Heurjlin), Sitzhcr. 7i. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. xvii, p. 247, 1855, noinen nudum ; Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leojy.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 14, pi. ii, figs. 7, 8, 1863 ; Marfio, Reise Mgypt. jEquat. Prov. p. 40, 1878. Kobus maria, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 296, 1859, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 16, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 239, 1862; Petherick, Travels in Central Africa, vol. i, p. 159, 1869. Kobus megaceros, Marno, Reise Geb. hlauen u. ivcissen Nil, p. 387, 1874. Cobus mariae. Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 91, 1892; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 287, 1899; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 34. Cobus maria, Lydehker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 205, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 121, pi. xxxvii, 1896 ; Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 198, 1910 ; Goldschmidt-Rothschild, Ber. Senckenberg. Ges. vol. xliii, p. 1, pi. i, 1912. Kobus marine, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 916. Onototragus megaceros. Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, No. 7, p. 12, 1913. Typical locality Awan, Balir-el-Ghazal. Size rather less than that of leche ; shoulder-height aljout 38 inches. Hair of back reversed ; general colour dark Ijlackish brown in adult males ; chin and a narrow band on upper lip, inner side of ears, a band on hind part of head, sometimes continued down nape, a large patch above the shoulders, middle of abdomen, inner sides of hind-legs, and a broad band above hoofs white ; a spot in front of eyes, and space between eyes and ears whitish; tail relatively long and slender, reaching about to hocks, Ijlackish brown above, inclusive of whole terminal tuft, and white below ; hoofs relatively long ; horns long and slender, heavily ridged nearly to tips, inclining at first backwards, diverging and curving forwards in the middle, and then bending back- wards and inwards towards the tips, so as to form a distinctly double, or sigmoid, flexure. Good horns measure from 28 to 32 inches in length, with a girth of from (U to 75, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 12 to 21 i inches. 252 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES The distributional area includes the swamps of the White Nile and neighbouring rivers. 59. 9. 22. 8. Skull, with horns (fig. 30), originally mounted with head-skin. Awan, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected \jk^ Fig. 30.— Skull and Horns of Mrs. Gray's Lech we {Kobus [Onotragus] maria). by Consul J. Petherick. Type ; figured in The Book of Antclojjcs, vol. ii, p. 123, from Gray's original illustration. Purchased, 1859. 59. 9. 22. 9. Skull, female. Eek, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; same collector. Co-type. Somic history. 0. 8. 7. 6. Skin, mounted. White Nile. Presented lij Major H. N. Dunn, 1900. 0. 8. 6. 11. Skin. Lake .No, Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented hy Copt. S. S. Flower, 1900. KEDUNCIN.E 253 3. Subgenus ADENOTA. Adenota, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 129; PococJi, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 915. Relatively small antelopes, with short or moderately long coat, not grizzled ; hair of back reversed ; neck not maned ; horns relatively short, sublyrate, without well-marked donljle (sigmoid) flexure ; a single pair of inguinal pouclies. Distribution Equatorial and Southern Africa. The two species here recognised may be distinguished as follows : — A. Front of fore-legs black ; hair short Kobus Tcoh. B. Front of fore-legs rufous ; hah- longer Kobus vardoni. VII. KOBUS (ADENOTA) KOB. Antilope kob, Erxleben, Sijst. Begn. Anim. p. 293, 1777; Zimmermann, Geogr. GeschichtCf vol. ii, p. 124, 1780 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 84, 1780 ; Citvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 234, 1804 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 187, 1816, Mammal- ogie, vol. ii, p. 457, 1822 ; Goldfuss, Sclireber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1240, 1818 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 375, 1827 ; /. B. Fiseher, Synoj). Mamm. p. 463, 1829 ; Oiuen, Proe. Zool. Soe. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868; LaiLviUard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 617, 1841 ; Wagner, Sehreber's Sdugthiere, Supj^l. vol. iv, p. 435, 1844, vol. v, p. 432, 1855 ; Fraser, Zool. Typ. pi. XX, 1849 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 190 and 199, 1853. Cerophorus (Gazella) kob, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75. Antilope forfex, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, \o\. iv, p. 221, vol. V, p. 334, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anini. vol. x, p. 209, 1836; Beichenbach, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 110, 1845. Antilope adenota, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 223, vol. V, p. 335, 1827; A." Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 209, 1834 ; Beichenbach, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 110, 1845. Kobus adansoni, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. text to pi. xxix, 1840. Antilope annulipes. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. x, p. 262, 1842. Adenota kob. Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 14, pis. xiv and xv, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 129, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 211, 1851, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Miis. p. 96, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 17, 1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 238, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 174, 1869 ; Jentinli, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. (Mus. Pays- Bas, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (ojy. cit. 254 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES vol. xi) p. 152, 1892 ; Mafschie, Mitt, deutsch. Schutzgehietey vol. vi, p. 17, 1893 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 58, 1897 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. FreundCy 1905, p. 91 ; PococJi-, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 915 ; Heller, Smitlison. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 11, 1913; Bothschild, Arm. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 574, 1913. Adenota buffoni, Fitzinger, Sitzher. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. li, pt. 1, p. 174, 1869. Adenota annulipes, Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, pp. 53 and 73, 1897. Cobus kob, LydeJiTier, Field, vol. Ixxvii; p. 980, 1891, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 638; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 2, p. 197, 1896; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 137, pi. xl, 1896; Arnold, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 291, 1899; Bothschild, Poivell- Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 469, 1902. Adenota koba, 0. Neumann, Sitzher. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 91. Cobus cob, Lydehher, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 794, Great and Small Game of Afi-ica, p. 269, 1899; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392, 1907. Cobus coba, Lydehher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 210, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 203, 1910. Kob. Type of Adenota. Typical locality Upper Guinea. A variable species, ranging in shoulder-height from about 34 to 36 inches, and in colour from rich orange fulvous, or foxy red, to dark blackish brown in adult bucks, with more or less white in the region of the eye ; coat short and sleek, reversed on middle of back from loins to neck ; front of fore-legs black, and frequently a white hoof-band ; muzzle, lips, chest, under-parts, and inner sides of upper portions of limbs white. The distribution embraces Equatorial Africa from Guinea to Uganda. The existence of a more or less complete transition in the matter of colouring from the typical red K. hoha to the dark blackish brow^n K. k. leucotis was pointed out in 1908 by the writer, who did not, how^ever, then propose to class the latter and the intermediate types as local races of the former. Subsequent information has, however, convinced